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【目的】自流产奶牛粪便及血液中分离得到的非细胞病变型牛病毒性腹泻-粘膜病病毒(BVDV),为了解分离毒株的特性,进行回归动物试验;【方法】将此分离毒回归2月龄健康犊牛,接毒25天后扑杀剖检,观察临床症状及病理变化。自犊牛体内采取脾、骨髓、肠淋巴结及血液接种MDBK细胞进行培养,分离病毒,进行细胞传代,将此细胞毒进行RT-PCR检测;【结果】犊牛表现为典型的急性病毒性腹泻症状和病变。自病料分离病毒经MDBK细胞盲传至第9代,均未出现细胞病变。将此细胞毒进行RT-PCR检测,扩增出相应的665bp的片段;【结论】将分离株接种易感犊牛以复制出BVD-MD病症,并从试验牛体内分离得到BVDV,从而进一步确证分离到的毒株属BVDV。 相似文献
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牛卵巢的保存与卵巢内卵母细胞采集的研究 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
利用屠宰牛的卵巢,研究了卵巢内(Interior Ovary,IO)卵母细胞的回收方法与影响IO卵母细胞回收数量的因素,以及卵巢保存方法对卵母细胞体外受精后卵裂率与体外发育能力的影响.结果表明抽吸采取表面卵泡卵母细胞以后,用间隔1.6 mm的4个刀片平行排列构成的切割刀,纵横切割秦川牛卵泡期卵巢,其卵母细胞回收数量最高.两次回收平均每个卵巢可获得26.45个A、B级可用卵,较单纯抽吸采卵(5.15个)提高了约4倍.刀距增宽或缩小都会降低卵母细胞的回收数量.牛品种不同对IO卵母细胞的回收数量有显著影响,以中国荷斯坦牛最多(34.25个/卵巢),秦川牛次之(21.75个/卵巢),山丹牛最少(8.25个/卵巢).牛繁殖状态不同对IO卵母细胞的回收数量有显著影响,以卵泡期最多(21.75个/卵巢),黄体期和妊娠期次之(分别为11.75、10.75个/卵巢),老龄退化期最少(4.25个/卵巢).回收的IO卵母细胞直径和透明带外径分别达(126.9±9.98) μm和(151.85±10.39) μm,均较表面卵母细胞(分别为136.05±6.09 μm和160.80 μm±4.23 μm)要小的多(P<0.01).卵巢保存温度25~29℃与30~37℃对IO卵母细胞体外受精后卵裂率与6~8细胞胚发育率无显著影响(P>0.05),但保存时间则有显著影响,超过6 h会显著降低卵裂率和6~8细胞胚发育率(P<0.05). 相似文献
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Mihoko FUSHII Rie YAMADA Jibak LEE Takashi MIYANO 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2021,67(5):300
Transzonal projections (TZPs) that maintain bidirectional communication between oocytes and granulosa cells or cumulus cells are important structures for oocyte growth. However, whether TZPs develop between TZP-free oocytes and granulosa cells, and whether reestablished TZPs support oocyte growth, is unknown. We first examined changes in TZPs after denudation of bovine oocytes collected from early antral follicles (0.5–0.7 mm). Twenty-four hours after denudation, almost all the TZPs disappeared. We also examined the reestablishment of TZPs by coculturing TZP-free denuded oocytes (DOs) with mural granulosa cells (MGCs) collected from early antral follicles. In addition, to confirm if the reestablished TZPs were functional, the reconstructed complexes (DO+MGCs) were subjected to in vitro growth culture and found that the MGCs adhered to TZP-free DOs and TZPs were reestablished. During in vitro growth culture, DO+MGCs developed and formed antrum-like structures. After culture, the number of TZPs in DO+MGCs increased, and the oocytes grew fully and acquired meiotic competence. These results suggest that reestablished TZPs are able to support oocyte growth. 相似文献
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Ed Kabara Lorraine M. SordilloSue Holcombe G. Andres Contreras 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2014
The periparturient period of dairy cows is characterized by intense lipid mobilization from adipose tissue leading to increased plasma concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA). High NEFA are a predisposing factor for inflammatory based diseases. A major component of these diseases is uncontrolled macrophage/monocyte inflammatory responses. Changes in the endocrine activity of adipose tissue during the periparturient period could impact macrophage function by modifying the secretion of adipokines including adiponectin. Currently, the effects of adiponectin on monocyte activation in dairy cattle are unknown. In humans and rodents, this adipokine regulates monocyte phenotype and alterations in its plasma levels are linked with the development of inflammatory diseases. The objectives of this study were to establish associations between plasma adiponectin expression dynamics and different markers of lipid mobilization during the periparturient period of dairy cows and to characterize the effects of adiponectin on the inflammatory response of bovine monocytes. Plasma adiponectin, NEFA, BHB, albumin, and subcutaneous and retroperitoneal fat depots depth were measured during the periparturient period of dairy cows. In vitro, bovine monocytes were cultured with adiponectin to assess changes in pro-inflammatory responses following LPS stimulation. Results from this study demonstrate that alterations in plasma adiponectin levels in periparturient cattle are inversely correlated with the concentrations of plasma NEFA, an important marker of lipid mobilization. Furthermore, adiponectin exposure significantly decreased monocyte expression of TNFα after LPS stimulation thus markedly reducing their inflammatory response. Reduced plasma adiponectin during the periparturient period could predispose dairy cows to the development of uncontrolled monocyte inflammatory responses. 相似文献
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Brandon L. Plattner Elise Huffman Douglas E. Jones Jesse M. Hostetter 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2014,157(1-2):12-19
Johne's disease (JD) is a costly intestinal disease of ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map), which is transmitted to perinatal calves by the fecal-oral route. Disease control efforts focus on identification and culling of infected cattle from herds; therefore failure to identify animals early is a major obstacle to reducing transmission. Development of host immunity during early JD remain incompletely characterized so detecting subclinical JD using immunologic techniques is a substantial challenge in the field. Development of a test with high sensitivity and specificity is a major research goal with significant implications for the cattle industry. The objectives of this study were to compare early Map-specific T lymphocyte responses in naive, experimentally Map infected and Map vaccinated calves using a subcutaneous matrigel biopolymer-based assay. We examined the phenotype of recruited lymphocytes and local interferon gamma (IFNγ) production within subcutaneously placed matrigel containing Map antigen 30 days after experimentally induced intestinal Map infection or Map vaccination. We show that IFNγ-secreting CD4+ T cells are recruited to matrigel sites in vaccinated but not infected or naïve calves. γδ T cells recruited to matrigel sites of Map-infected calves were mostly WC1-, while γδ T cells recruited to matrigel sites of Map-vaccinated calves were predominantly WC1+. IFNγ at matrigel sites was a discriminating factor between infected calves, naïve calves and vaccinated calves. These data contribute to our understanding of early anti-Map immunity, and may be useful for detecting early intestinal Map infections in calves or for enhancing our ability to discriminate between Map-infected and Map-vaccinated calves. 相似文献
40.
Milena Bordignon Laura Da Dalt Lieta Marinelli Gianfranco Gabai 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2014,199(1):162-168
Despite the recognised importance of oxidative stress in the health and immune function of dairy cows, protein oxidation markers have been poorly studied in this species. The current study aimed to characterise markers of protein oxidation generated by activated bovine neutrophils and investigate the biological effects of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) on bovine neutrophils. Markers of protein oxidation (AOPP, dityrosines and carbonyls) were measured in culture medium containing bovine serum albumin (BSA) exposed to neutrophils. The effect of AOPP-BSA on generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was assessed by chemiluminescence. Activation of caspases-3, -8 and -9 and the presence of DNA laddering were used as apoptosis markers.Greater amounts of AOPP were generated by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-activated than non-activated neutrophils (1.46 ± 0.13 vs. 0.75 ± 0.13 nmol/mg protein, respectively; P < 0.05). Activated neutrophils and hypochlorous acid generated slightly different patterns of oxidized protein markers. Exposure to AOPP-BSA did not stimulate ROS production. Activated neutrophils generated a lesser amount of ROS when incubated with AOPP-BSA (P < 0.001). Activation with PMA induced a loss of viable neutrophils after 3 h, which was greater with AOPP-BSA incubation (P < 0.05). Detectable amounts of active caspases-3, -8 and -9 were found in nearly all samples but differences in caspase activation or DNA laddering were not observed comparing treatment groups. Apoptosis was unlikely to be responsible for the greater loss of PMA-activated neutrophils cultured in AOPP-BSA and it is possible that primary necrosis occurred. The results suggest that accumulation of oxidized proteins at an inflammatory site might result in a progressive reduction of neutrophil viability. 相似文献