核桃芽总RNA提取及RT-PCR

为了从核桃芽体内提取高质量的RNA,以便进行核桃成花基因克隆研究,针对核桃芽体内富含多酚等次生代谢物的特点,在总结他人研究基础上对SDS法和CTAB法及试剂盒提取法进行了改良和比较。凝胶电泳检测表明,Spectrum Plant Total RNA试剂盒提取法及以pH 9.0硼砂为缓冲液的改良CTAB法和改良SDS法所提取RNA的28SrRNA和18SrRNA条带清晰,且28SrRNA的亮度约是18SrRNA的2倍,说明所提RNA完整性较好;紫外光谱分析显示,3种方法的OD260/OD280分别为1.99、1.96、1.77,OD260/OD230均大于2.0,RNA产率依次为360、180和75 μg/(g?FW)。综合检测结果认为,改良CTAB法和改良SDS法所提RNA的完整性和纯度均能满足基因克隆等的研究,是一种适合核桃芽体内RNA提取的经济而有效的方法。     

硼肥用量及施用方式对辣椒产量·效益的影响

[目的]为了探索在一定氮、磷、钾肥施用条件下,微量元素硼的不同用量和施用方式对辣椒产量、效益的影响.[方法]通过设置1个对照,以硼砂为基肥施用的6、12、18、24 kg/hm24个用量处理和以硼砂进行喷施的0.3％、0.4％、0.5％、0.6％4个浓度处理,采用随机排列,3次重复.[结果]以硼肥为基肥施用的6、12、18、24 kg/hm24个用量处理的单位产量分别为40 173.6、46493.1、50 937.5和44 375.0 kg/hm2,单位净增产值分别为16 526.4、29 129.4、37 982.2、24 821.2元/hm2,投入产出比分别为3.2、3.7、4.0和3.5.以硼砂进行喷施的0.3％、0.4％、0.5％、0.6％4个浓度处理的单位产量分别为43 055.6、45 642.4、52 517.4和43 576.4 kg/hm2,单位净增产值分别为21412.3、26581.2、40 326.6、22 439.9元/hm2,投入产出比分别为3.3、3.5、4.0和3.3.[结论]以施用尿素600 kg/hm2、普通过磷酸钙900 kg/hm2、硫酸钾375 kg/hm2、基施硼砂18 kg/hm2或辣椒现蕾期硼砂喷施浓度0.3％可以达到单位产量、单位纯收入、净增投产比的最大化.     

添加剂对石膏创花板性能的影响

研究表明：在石膏刨花板生产中,添加０．５％～１％的缓凝剂－硼砂可延长石膏的初凝而对板的物理力学性能不产生明显影响,相反对其静曲强度和弹性模量等有一定的改进;添加５％～１５％的水泥对板的物理力学性能均有所改进,特别是吸水厚度膨胀率;水泥用量１０％时,对板的性能改进最明显;水泥和硼砂同时使用无不良影响。     

Effect of boron sources on garlic (Allium sativum L.) productivity

A previously unknown requirement for B by garlic (var. Chiang Mai) has been identified at San Pa tong Rice Experiment Station, Chiang Mai Province. Field experiments were conducted following rice cultivation on major soils (Typic Tropaqualfs) in the northern parts of Thailand. Various sources of B fertilizers such as borax, coal fly ash, and fritted trace elements were applied to the soil to compare their effectiveness in alleviating the B deficiency in garlic. The findings indicated that all of the sources used promoted plant productivity from 24 to 40% compared with the untreated plants. The highest yield (6.13 t ha^-1) was obtained in a treatment with coal fly ash at 825 g B ha^-1. The average size and weight of garlic cloves from this treatment were also the highest. However, in terms of storage, the application of B with other trace elements was found to be preferable.     

Solubility and Leaching of Boron from Borax and Colemanite in Flooded Acidic Soils

Boron (B) is a micronutrient essential for adequate plant growth. Borax (Na₂B₄O₇·10H₂O) and colemanite (Ca₂B₆O₁₁·5H₂O) are common B fertilizer materials, the former being widely used worldwide. Boron is completely water soluble and subjected to leaching. In this study, the dissolution kinetics of both borax and colemanite in deionized water and at pH 3.8, 5.2, 6.5, and 8.2 were determined. Soils incubated with minerals for 40 days and 80 pore volumes of leachates from repacked soil column treated with either surface-applied borax or colemanite (powdered and granular) were collected and analyzed for B contents. Two different soils, Chempaka (Typic paleudult) and Tepus (Typic Kandiaquult) series, taken from paddy-growing areas were used in leaching and incubation studies. Dissolution rate of borax was greater than that of colemanite, and complete dissolution was observed after 100 min, whereas complete dissolution of colemanite was not reached even after 300 min. There was no effect of pH on dissolution rate of borax and colemanite. Boron released from borax was hasty, and after 5 weeks no more B was released. In the case of colemanite, B released was steadily increased until the end of the incubation study. At the end of the study, there was no significant difference in B levels of both borax- and colemanite-applied soils. Particle size had a significant effect on the solubility and dissolution rate of colemanite. Boron dissolution rate and solubility from colemanite powder were significantly greater than those from granular colemanite. Leaching losses from borax were much greater than from colemanite as indicated by the breakthrough curves, which were earlier for borax than colemanite. After 60 pore volumes, no more B was leached out from borax, and in the leachates of colemanite some concentration was detected even after 80 pore volumes. Boron content in soil of columns after the completion of the experiment was greater in case of colemanite. Borax and colemanite fertilizers showed the same trend of leaching and B releasing in both Tepus and Chempaka soil series.