农抗链霉菌BM10菌株的初步研究

[目的]开发农用抗生素新品种。[方法]对该实验室2005年从海南霸王岭原始森林土壤中分离筛选获得的BM10生防菌株进行分类鉴定,并测定其抑菌活性。[结果]链霉菌BM10菌株的孢子丝形态、生理生化特性和细胞壁化学组分与Streptomyces albogriseus基本一致,但在菌落颜色、产黑色素和棉子糖利用等方面存在不同。BM10菌株与Streptomyces albogriseus的16SrDNA序列同源性为99.67%。[结论]初步判定BM10菌株为白浅灰链霉菌的新菌株。     

侗族发酵酸肉中乳酸菌的筛选及鉴定

侗族是中国少数民族之一,主要分布在湖南、贵州、广西等地区。侗族居民有“食不离酸”的说法,其制作的发酵酸肉（Nanxwudl）是经过乳酸细菌、葡萄球菌、酵母菌、微球菌等多个微生物菌群自然发酵而成,风味独特,营养丰富,保存期长,可达数年之久。侗族酸肉的制作法为挑选新鲜的猪腹背肉,切分成长条方形,用适量食盐干腌数天,沥干后按一定比例拌入炒米及调料,揉制均匀后装坛密封发酵。     

H9亚型禽流感病毒的分离与鉴定

从临床表现呼吸困难并伴有啰音、肺部和支气管黄色干酪样栓塞为特征的病鸡肝脾肺混合匀浆中分离到1株病毒（YD株）,该病毒能凝集鸡红细胞并能被AIVH9标准阳性血清抑制,对热不稳定且对热敏感;对鸡胚和番鸭胚的最小致死量分别为10^-7和10^-6,其MDT分别为78h和70h;鸡胚尿囊液毒的HA效价和EID50明显高于番鸭胚尿囊液毒;能扩增出大小约为1027bp的特异性目的片段。结果表明．该分离毒为H9亚型禽流感病毒。     

广西荸荠贮藏期腐烂病病原菌鉴定

对广西荸荠贮藏期腐烂病的发生危害和症状特点进行了调查和描述,并对825份标样进行分离、纯化,结果从中获得菌株431个,根据菌株病原菌的形态特征、致病性及rDNA—ITS序列分析,鉴定出广西荸荠贮藏期腐烂病的主病原菌是棘孢木霉（Trichoderma asperellum）及其他16种病原菌,从而明确了荸荠贮藏期病害发病规律及药剂筛选和防控技术的研究重点。     

宁夏产栽培秦艽脂溶部位化学成分研究

[目的]对宁夏产栽培秦艽根（Radix Gentiana Macrophyllae）的化学成分进行系统研究。[方法]应用多种色谱技术对秦艽根化学成分进行分离纯化;通过理化方法和波谱数据并与对照品对照进行结构鉴定。[结果]从脂溶部位分离出了4种化合物,其质量分别为75、230、450、70 mg,鉴定其分别为：秦艽酰胺（Ⅰ）、红白金花内酯（Ⅱ）、栎瘿酸（Ⅲ）、齐墩果酸（Ⅳ）。[结论]以上4个化合物均为首次从宁夏产秦艽中分离得到。     

不同生长期麻栎叶片水分含量与水分指数的回归关系研究

[目的]研究不同生长期麻栎叶片水分含量（FMC）与水分指数（WI）的回归关系。[方法]以连云港市花果山麻栎树为研究对象,在叶片水平上研究了WI对叶片FMC变化的敏感性,并分析其统计特征。[结果]WI对麻栎叶片FMC变化敏感,二者线性回归水平显著,并得到FMC与WI之间的拟合曲线。[结论]该研究为研究区范围内植被水分遥感获取方法提供了参考。     

沙田柚杂交后代群体的SSR鉴定与遗传多样性分析

【目的】利用SSR标记对沙田柚杂交后代群体进行杂种鉴定和遗传多样性研究,为柑橘种质创新和遗传改良提供技术、材料和理论支持。【方法】利用SSR技术分析沙田柚两个杂交组合159株后代的杂种性质,采用UPGMA聚类分析法分析后代群体和亲本的遗传关系。【结果】4对引物可以从104株沙田柚×强德勒柚的杂交后代鉴定出103株真杂种,鉴定率达到99.04%,且在引物AGC9的扩增图谱中有70个单株出现了双亲都没有的新条带;5对引物可鉴定出沙田柚×红江橙的全部杂交后代均为真杂种,一个纯合显性标记AAT12被发现,在引物GA18和AGC9的扩增结果中出现了亲本位点的缺失;UPGMA聚类分析结果显示,两个杂交组合后代群体均出现较显著的遗传变异,两个组合的遗传多样性也有较大的差异。【结论】SSR标记适合柑橘杂种的鉴定和遗传多样性分析,杂交是获得柑橘遗传变异株系的有效途径。     

生防菌FM4B的鉴定及抗菌物质的性质研究

采用生理生化、16S rDNA等方法鉴定菌株FM4B并对该菌株抑菌物质粗提液的性质进行了初步研究.生理生化实验显示,菌株FM4B属于短短芽孢杆菌,16S rDNA基因的测定与分析表明,FM4B与B.brevis(短短芽孢杆菌)的同源性达到99.5%,故推定FM4B为短短芽孢杆菌.实验表明抑菌物质粗提物对多种细菌、真菌有...     

基于农作制分区的1985—2015年中国小麦生产时空变化

Comparing spatio-temporal variation characteristics of China’s wheat production, yield, sown area and yield-area-contribution in different farming zones in the past 30 years could help improving wheat planting layout and adjusting planting structure. Concentration index, rate of change, moving of gravity and resolution of yield-area-contribution were used to analyze spatio-temporal changes of China’s wheat production and yield-area-contribution based on county wheat production statistics including sown area, production and yield from 1985 to 2015. The wheat sown area decreased obviously in Northeast farming region, Northwest farming region and South farming region and increased rapidly in Huang-Huai-Hai farming region and Yangtze Plain farming region. In Huang-Huai-Hai farming region, the concentration indexes of Haihe Plain farming region, Huang-huai Plain farming region and Fenwei Basin farming region reached to 20.64%, 25.77%, and 21.65% respectively in 2015. Wheat production increased significantly by more than 48 milliontons in Huang-Huai-Hai farming region, and nearly 8 million tons Yangtze Plain farming region but decreased by more than 2.6 million tons in Northeast farming region. In Huang-Huai-Hai farming region, wheat production was concentrated in Haihe Plain farming region, Huang-huai Plain farming region and Yuxi Hill farming region. The average wheat yield continuously improved during the study period, Huang-Huai-Hai farming region and Northwest farming region had the yield increase up to 103.5 kg hm ^-2 and 92.9 kg hm ^-2 each year. Wheat yield in Yuxi Hill farming region, Fenwei Basin farming region and Haihe Plain farming region was relatively high in Huang-Huai-Hai farming region. The yield-reduced area was mainly caused by the decreasing of sown area, while the yield-area-contribution rate was different in yield-increased area. Yield-dominant counties were reduced, area-dominant counties were increased and yield-area-dominant counties were relatively steady. In production increased area, yield-dominant and yield-area-dominant counties were the main types in Huang-Huai-Hai Farming region, area-dominant and yield-area-dominant counties were the main types in Yangtze Plain farming region. Chinese wheat production was increasingly concentrated in Huang-Huai-Hai farming region which has high and rapid increase of wheat yield over the past three decades. Haihe Plain farming region, Huang-huai Plain farming region and Fenwei Basin farming region were the most concentrated areas in Huang-Huai-Hai farming region for wheat production during this period. Wheat yield and sown area jointly promoted the increase of wheat production in Huang-Huai-Hai farming region, wheat sown area was the crucial factor to increase wheat production in Yangtze Plain farming region, especially in the north of Jiangsu, Anhui province and greater part of Xinjiang.     

基于G1赋权法的油气管道应急预案质量评价

在构建油气管道应急预案质量评价指标体系的基础上,鉴于常见的层次分析法(AHP)对指标赋权所存在的不足,采用G1法对各个指标进行权重赋值,给出了应急预案质量评定分值的求取方法、评判等级划分及其不同的应急预案质量完善策略。研究结果对如何评价油气管道应急预案的质量提供了方法指导,同时对应急预案的维护与修订提供了决策支持。