北京山区林地变化与社会经济驱动力研究

依据土地利用详查数据和社会经济统计数据,通过分析北京山区近10年林地时空变化特征,借助土地利用/覆被变化(LUCC)驱动力分析方法,定量诊断出北京山区林地变化的主导社会经济驱动力,目的在于系统揭示北京山区林地变化的原因和社会经济驱动机制,为北京山区林地资源的保护和发展提供理论指导。     

京郊休闲果园游客满意度调查研究

随着北京郊区休闲果园的快速发展，客源市场的竞争日趋激烈，提高游客的满意度对于稳定客源市场、增强果园的竞争力具有十分重要的意义。笔者通过对到京郊休闲果园游玩的国内游客的问卷调查，分析了其社会人口学特征与其消费行为特征、满意度的关系，并在此基础上得出了相关结论，提出了提高果园游客满意度的一些建议。     

北京山区农民土地价值观念变化分析

通过对北京市山区农民土地价值观念的调查,分析了农民土地价值观念多元化的现状,认为土地价值观念主要表现为四种类型,即传统土地为本型、现代土地为本型、土地保障型和土地包袱型。并分别研究不同价值观念对土地利用的影响,初步探讨了影响土地价值观念的因素。本研究揭示农民土地价值观念的变化和特点,为制定农村土地政策、促进农村劳动力转移以及城镇化等工作提供了重要依据,是规范、引导农民土地利用行为的重要基础。     

Evaluation of the forest ecosystem health in Beijing area

The evaluation of ecosystem health has become one of the main research topics of ecosystem science, thus more and more assessment methods and frameworks have been put forward in recent years. However, the attention people pay to ecosystem health is actually more about what the social functions the ecosystem affords, which depend on the integrity and maintenance of the ecosystem structure and function, and the intensity of disturbance from outside. Accordingly, this research commenced from three main aspects, selected the evaluation indices, and then established the Evaluation Index System of Beijing Forest Ecosystem Health (EIS-BFEH). In the EIS-BFEH, each of the three foundations contained an easily-operated and standard sub-index system, which compounded the specific natural and social conditions of Beijing and was concrete enough to measure and evaluate. Then with the method of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), the comprehensive index (CI) could be obtained, which represented the health of the forest ecosystem. As a case study, the forest ecosystems in the Badaling area were sampled, evaluated, compared and ranked by use of the EIS-BFEH. The result show that the health of natural forests is much better than that of plantations in the Badaling forest center: the average comprehensive index of the former is 7.9, while the latter is only 6.6. From the results, it could also be found that there are nine units in the healthy state, two units in the subhealthy state, and only one unit of Robinia pseudoacacia in the morbid state.     

Comparative Analysis of Plant Diversity of Pinus tabulaeformis Forests in Ten Regions of Beijing Mountainous Areas

Based on investigations during 1998–2003, shrubs and herbs, as well as indicators of similarity and diversity in Pinus tabulaeformis forests of ten regions around Beijing were compared and analyzed, and protection measures were suggested. Generally, the shrubs and herbs in P. tabulaeformis forests of Shidu, Mutianyu, and Yunfengshan are rich in species diversity and have great similarities. The percentages of common species in each of these three paired regions are above 50%, while many peculiar plant species that could not be found in the other nine regions exist in Labagoumen. As for plant diversity indices, plants in the P. tabulaeformis forests of Baihuashan, Shidu, and Labagoumen occur more frequently than in other regions, while the number of plants in Tanjiesi and Miaofengshan are far less. Some endangered orchid species were found distributed in P. tabulaeformis forests with a clumped spatial pattern but rarely appeared in other forest types, indicating that P. tabulaeformis forests are ideal habitats for orchid species. Translated from Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2005, 27(4) (in Chinese)     

北京九龙山不同立地土壤蓄水量及水分有效性的研究*

对九龙山不同立地土壤蓄水量和土壤水分有效性研究结果表明：阴坡中下部的人工油松林、中上部的灌木林和裸地，以及阳坡中下部的人工侧柏林、中上部的灌木林和裸地的土壤有效涵蓄量分别为：１４９．６３、１３３．４９、１０２．４９、９９．９３、９５．９２、７０．７８ｍｍ；土壤的饱和蓄水量变化范围在１６０５．８６～２３５３．６６ｔ／ｈｍ２之间。土壤水分只有７、８两月处在易效水阶段，其它时间均属难效水范围，即使雨季的土壤有效水分也难以达到田间持水量，春旱时期土壤水分接近或低于土壤凋萎含水量。     

北京山区森林资源监测存在问题及对策建议——以北京市延庆县为例

北京山区森林资源为北京市生态型城市建设发挥了重要的作用。针对山区森林资源监测中存在的监测体系内部不协调、监测周期长、高新技术应用不充分等问题,提出了监测体系一体化、标准化,并不断提升监测装备及技术手段等合理化建议,以期为北京市山区森林资源动态监测体系的完善提供借鉴。     

山西省京津风沙源治理工程草地建设项目实施进展

在京津风沙源治理工程的推动下,山西省所辖13个县(区)的草地建设项目取得了预期的成效.基本草场、人工种草、草种基地、飞播牧草4项工程,为13个县(区)增加3.21%的植被覆盖率.     

北京油鸡角膜缘干细胞分离培养及分化潜能研究

【目的】 研究北京油鸡角膜缘干细胞（LSCs）分离、培养、鉴定及多向分化潜能等生物学特性。【方法】 取10胚龄健康北京油鸡鸡胚的角膜缘,采用分散酶Ⅱ（dispaseⅡ）联合胰蛋白酶二步法分离细胞,进行体外培养,绘制生长曲线,通过免疫荧光和RT-PCR技术鉴定LSCs特异性标志物细胞角蛋白3（CK3）、CK12、细胞周期调控蛋白p63、ATP结合盒转运蛋白（ABCG2）和细胞角蛋白19（CK19）的表达;通过成骨和成软骨诱导检测其多向分化潜能。【结果】 获得的北京油鸡细胞折光性强、贴壁后呈多角形,生长曲线呈典型的S型,群体倍增时间（PDT）随着代次的升高逐渐下降;免疫荧光检测结果表明,分离的细胞中ABCG2、p63和CK19均呈阳性表达,CK3和CK12不表达;RT-PCR检测结果表明,分离的细胞表达p63、CK19、ABCG2,不表达CD45,说明分离的细胞为LSCs。LCSs成骨诱导分化后,可见被茜素红染色的矿化钙结节,RT-PCR检测结果表明其表达成骨关键基因骨桥蛋白（OPN）和Ⅰ型胶原蛋白（Col-Ⅰ）;成软骨诱导分化后,可见被阿利新蓝染色的软骨组织,RT-PCR检测结果表明其表达成软骨细胞关键基因转录因子性别决定区Y框9（SOX-9）和Ⅱ型胶原蛋白（Col-Ⅱ）。【结论】 本研究成功从10胚龄北京油鸡胚胎角膜缘中分离LSCs,且其具有良好的增殖活力及成骨和成软骨能力,结果可为禽类LSCs的资源保存研究提供参考。