滚刀式秸秆粉碎装置的设计及试验研究

[目的]研制一种混合型栅格导入滚刀式秸秆粉碎装置,以解决现有完全无支撑切割机具动力消耗大、扬尘大、机手工作环境差等突出问题,有利于秸秆还田或下游产业的发展.[方法]对机具关键工作部件的结构及参数设计进行理论分析,通过对影响机具作业质量的主要因素进行正交试验分析,得出较优的工作参数,以此参数设计的机型经田间测试,验证设计的合理性.[结果]经田间测试,当机具前进速度为5 km/h,滚刀转速1100 r/min,滚刀倾斜角30°,秸秆粉碎长度合格率93;,留茬高度103 mm,完全满足设计需求.[结论]该种机型的研制对促进棉花秸秆合理有效利用,以及我国可再生能源产业发展起到一定的作用,但对于其他秸秆作物还有待进一步的研究.     

黑龙江精准农业示范区土壤养分空间变异研究

以面积为129 hm^2农田为采样区,使用Ag132 DGPS仪定位,网格法采集0～20 cm耕层土壤样品,实验室测定土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾和有机质的含量.应用传统统计学方法和空间分析方法对土壤养分变异进行了研究.结果表明,土壤养分性质均存在着空间变异性,速效磷、速效钾和有机质变异相对较大,碱解氮变异亦小;土壤养分性质均存在半方差结构,分别拟合Exponential、Gaussian、Pentaspherical、Gaussian模型;碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾和有机质均显示中等的空间相关性.     

基于EnMAP-Box的遥感图像分类研究

采用2007年6月云南省勐腊县TM遥感数据,利用EnMAP-box进行了支持向量机的图像分类研究,以网格搜索法寻找最优参数,在设定的范围内,求得了最优C和g参数,用此参数进行支持向量机的遥感图像土地覆盖分类。结果表明：SVM方法较最大似然分类方法具有较高的分类精度,特别是阔叶林和橡胶林的精度明显优于最大似然分类方法;对于面积较小的次要类型,2种分类方法的精度基本保持一致;SVM的总体精度相对于最大似然分类提高了11.9％。     

1LFT-555型液压翻转栅条犁的设计与试验

针对当前农业生产需求及147kW以上拖拉机配套液压翻转犁依赖进口的现状,研制了1LFT-555型液压翻转栅条犁。该机翻转可靠性高,操作简单,主犁体采用栅条式结构,翻垡覆盖效果好,耕作阻力小。田间试验结果表明:该机和不同功率及多种轮距的拖拉机配套使用,作业速度可达10.8km/h,犁耕作业效果好,在棉花地和水稻地的耕深稳定性系数及耕宽稳定性系数均达到了95%以上,在棉花地的碎土率也达到了90%以上。该机各项性能指标达到国家有关标准的要求,为147kW以上拖拉机提供了配套犁耕机具。     

栅条式清杂装置机理分析与优化试验

残膜清杂是残膜回收的重要环节,现有机型的清杂装置存在清杂效果差及工作不可靠的缺点。为此,结合夹指链式残膜回收装置的改进设计与试验,提出了一种基于倾斜栅条的清杂装置。通过对该装置清杂机理进行分析,采用Box-Behnken响应面试验设计方法建立起清杂率与栅条间距b、栅条角度α、栅条长度L间的二次回归模型。通过分析模型响应曲面,寻得最优方案,确立了栅条式清杂装置的结构与尺寸。田间试验表明:当栅条间距为75mm、栅条角度为51°、栅条长度为870mm时,清杂率达85.35%。由此证明了优化方案的可行性,可为相关残膜清杂装置的研究提供理论依据。     

生产管理信息系统在农网生产中的应用

阐述生产管理信息系统（PMS）在农网生产中推广、建设的重要意义，介绍该系统的建设架构和功能特点。通过应用该系统，提高了农网的生产效率和管理水平，节约了人力、物力和财力，创造了经济效益。     

Results of grid keratotomy, superficial keratectomy and debridement for the management of persistent corneal erosions in 92 dogs

Ninety-two cases of persistent corneal erosions in dogs were analyzed for breed, gender, age and which eye was affected. The results of the treatment of 92 persistent corneal erosions in dogs by superficial keratectomy (SK), grid keratotomy (GK), or debridement with a sterile dry cotton swab are presented. These techniques gave better rates of healing than have been previously reported. All cases of persistent corneal erosions healed in this study. However, it must be noted that three cases treated with debridement only failed to heal after several treatments and were eventually treated with SK. After one procedure 80 out of 92 (87%) had healed. After one procedure, 63% of cases treated with debridement healed, 100% of cases treated with SK healed, and 85% of cases treated with GK healed. At the first postoperative visit, 88% (21/24 cases) of ulcers treated by SK had healed, and 75% (39/52 cases) of ulcers treated by GK had healed. Only 25% of the persistent corneal erosions had healed at the first visit after debridement. All 24 cases of persistent corneal erosions treated with SK healed after one treatment in a mean +/- SD of 9.3 +/- 3.9 days (median of 7 days). Fifty-two cases were managed with GK; 44 (83%) of these healed with one procedure and eight cases required a second GK procedure to resolve. A mean +/- SD of 13.4 +/- 5.1 days (median of 11.5 days) following GK was required for the persistent corneal erosions to heal. Nineteen cases were initially managed by debridement with a dry cotton swab under local anesthesia. Sixteen out of these 19 debridement cases healed (giving an overall healing rate of 84%) in a mean +/- SD time of 23.4 +/- 11.1 days (median 21.5). There were three cases that did not heal with debridement. These cases were debrided at 10-20 day intervals for 30-60 days, and were then treated with SK. Two of these cases healed within 7 days, the other case required 18 days to heal. Sixty-three per cent of persistent corneal erosions treated with debridement healed after one procedure; however, only four out of 19 cases (21%) were healed at the first revisit. Complications were rare: corneal edema occurred in two cases following multiple GK, and excessive granulation tissue in one case was managed with a SK. There was the occurrence of an ulcer adjacent to the surgery site in four cases, two cases following GK and two cases following SK.     

基于移动Agent的网格计算管理模型研究

基于当前的移动aget问题以及网格计算特点，在前人的理论基础上,文中结合agent 技术和网格计算研究基于移动agent的网格计算管理模型，运用系统中各个元素进行agent 建模。介绍移动agent 技术，以及网格计算管理模型应具备的特征，最后提出基于移动Agent 的网格计算管理模型来解决网格中资源管理，作业调度，负载平衡的问题。仿真结果表明,基于agent 的网格计算管理模型仿真能够细致地刻画系统特性，降低系统对网络带宽的严格要求，同时也缩短时间延迟，提高服务响应速度。     

应用数字图像技术测定油梨叶面积

采用扫描叶片并结合Photoshop程序的数字图像处理技术测定油梨(Persea Americana Mill)叶面积，与传统的称重法和方格法进行比较。结果表明，称重法、方格法测得叶面积和分别与数字图像处理法测得叶面积之间构成一元线性回归方程，相关系数r分别为0.9984、0.9992，均达到极显著相关。这说明了数字图像处理技术测定油梨叶面积是可行的。与传统两种方法比较，数字图像处理技术具有速度快、精度高、非破坏性测量等的优点，尤其适合测量残缺不全的叶片。