高纤维强力棉花种质系苏远7235 BAC文库的构建

苏远7235是我国利用异常棉等多个野生种创造的高纤维强力棉花种质系,是开展棉花纤维品质研究的重要材料。本研究以pIndigoBAC-5(HindIII-cloning ready)为载体,构建了苏远7235的细菌人工染色体(Bacterial Artificial Chromosome,BAC)文库,该文库包含30336个BAC克隆。分析结果表明,重组克隆苏远7235 DNA插入片段为50-140 kb,平均120 kb,空载率2.1%,89.6%的克隆插入片段大于100 kb。     

以小麦根尖分生组织细胞核及染色体制备高分子量DNA

为了克服以叶片为材提取HMW DNA的局限性,优化了一套简便、实用的提取方法。该法以细胞周期同步化处理的根尖分生组织为材,利用机械匀浆释放细胞核或中期染色体制备悬浮液,再以蔗糖密度梯度离心和流式分选技术分别分离细胞核和染色体,经去蛋白、酶切,透析获得HMW DNA。经检测,来自200条根尖（10个胶块）的HMW DNA的浓度约为4~20 ng/µL,而连接、转化后的BAC克隆平均插入片段超过100 kb。证明该法适用于提取HMW DNA以构建BAC文库。     

中国水仙BAC文库构建的研究

为更深入地挖掘中国水仙的基因组信息,筛选与中国水仙品质相关的功能基因,以中国水仙品种‘金盏银台’的黄化叶片为材料,采用改良Zhang法获得高分子量核DNA,经酶切、连接和转化,首次构建了中国水仙基因组BAC文库。结果表明,采用改良zhang法获取的核DNA分子量大于1 Mb,适合BAC文库的构建;优化了连接、转化体系,发现载体和插入片段的摩尔比为5:1时,连接、转化效率最高;经检测,该文库包括69120个克隆,插入片段的平均大小约87 kb,空载率小于1%,大约50%的克隆大小在80~90 kb之间;Southern blot结果表明该文库未受到细胞器DNA的污染。     

高抗黑胫病烤烟BAC文库的构建及分析

烟草是重要的模式植物。本研究利用pIndigoBAC536-S载体及Hind III限制性内切酶酶解烟草基因组DNA的方法,构建了烟草新品系14-60的细菌人工染色体(BAC)文库。该文库共包含414,720个克隆,保存在1080块384板中。随机挑选的120个烟草BAC克隆检测结果表明,外源插入片段大小为97.0～145.5 kb,平均约为123 kb,空载率极低(0),覆盖烟草基因组11倍。用烟草hem A基因、eIF4E-1基因、NtFT基因的特异引物进一步验证,该文库质量高、可用性强,为烟草黑胫病抗性基因的克隆以及其他重要农艺性状和品质性状等功能基因克隆研究提供了基础资源。     

Mapping of rhizoctonia root rot resistance genes in sugar beet using pathogen response‐related sequences as molecular markers

Rhizoctonia root and crown rot caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani is a serious disease of sugar beet. An F_2:3 population from a cross between a resistant and a susceptible parent has been tested for R. solani resistance and a genetic map has been constructed from the corresponding F₂ parents. The map encompasses 38 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) with high similarity to genes which are involved in resistance reactions of plants (R‐ESTs) and 25 bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) containing nucleotide binding site (NBS)‐motifs typical for disease resistance genes. Three quantitative trait loci (QTL) for R. solani resistance were found on chromosomes 4, 5 and 7 collectively explaining 71% of the total phenotypic variation. A number of R‐ESTs were mapped in close distance to the R. solani resistance QTL. In contrast, the NBS‐BACs mapped to chromosomes 1, 3, 7 and 9 with two major clusters of NBS‐BACs on chromosome 3. No linkage between NBS‐BACs and R. solani resistance QTL was found. The data are discussed with regard to using R‐ESTs and NBS markers for mapping quantitative disease resistances.     

奶牛瘤胃微生物BAC文库中脲酶克隆的筛选与分析

利用脲酶选择性培养基,从奶牛瘤胃微生物BAC文库的15 360个克隆中筛选得到了12个脲酶克隆.利用酚-次氯酸法对脲酶克隆子的酶学性质分析,表明均具有不同的尿素分解能力,酶的活力范围是30～2 466 U/mg.脲酶阳性克隆插入片段大约是60 kb,限制性内切酶Hind Ⅲ酶切图谱表明,各个克隆具有不同DNA片段,其中脲酶Urease 1、Urease 3、Urease 4和Urease 9的最适pH8.0,最适温度为60℃.本研究从奶牛瘤胃微生物BAC文库中筛选到了具有脲酶酶活特性的克隆.     

核桃BES-SSR的开发及在遗传多样性分析中的应用

从NCBI 数据库全部已知核桃MboI 基因组BAC 文库克隆中下载22 740 条末端序列(BAC end sequences, BES)。应用MISA 软件搜索获得SSR 位点4 732 个,平均每2.8 kb 出现1 个SSR。在含有单个SSR 的BES 中,1 ~3 个核苷酸重复的类型占SSR 总数的96.86%,A/ T、AT/ AT、ATT/ AAT 分别为最丰富的单核苷酸、2 核苷酸和3 核苷 酸重复。选择不同类型和重复次数的SSR 设计合成50 对引物,从中筛选出多态性引物33 对,其中19 对引物扩增 出1 或2 个等位基因,无非特异扩增产物。应用这19 对引物对20 份核桃属不同种的基因型进行SSR 分析,结果表 明,每对引物检测到2 ~9 个多态性位点,平均多态性位点5.4 个;其中17 个位点的多态信息含量高于0.5,总平均 值为0.662,多态性较高。聚类分析显示,不同基因型按照种属分类及地理起源分组。因此,BES-SSR 是一类多态 性高,可用于核桃属植物遗传分析的新SSR 引物。      

Research on the Construction of Bacterial Artificial Chromosome Vector DNA and the Potentials in Application

[Objective] The aim of this study was to provide a method for solving the problems in preparing BAC vector with High-copy plasmid pUC119-Bluelox BAC.[Method] With selecting a proper single restriction site,sequences of a single copy BAC vector plasmid were inserted into proper site of High-copy plasmid pUC119 vector.[Result] The gene sequence of BAC vector lost control function of single copy number in new plasmid pUC119-BAC and was copied through High-copy form. The gene sequence of BAC vector basic function was completely cutted off through single enzyme digestion and the control function of single copy could be recovered by auto-connection.[Conclusion] The High-copy pUC119-BAC plasmid was used to copy and amplify high copy of basic function gene sequence in BAC vector,besides that it could be used to construct transfer vector of molecular cloned recombinant virus or BAC library.     

棉花线粒体基因组细菌人工染色体文库的构建

以P30A细胞质雄性不育系黄化苗为材料,采用蔗糖密度差速离心和不连续蔗糖密度梯度超速离心提取棉花线粒体,低熔点琼脂糖包埋和原位消化裂解的方法制备高分子量的线粒体DNA(mtDNA),经BamHⅠ,HindⅢ酶切和PCR扩增进行纯度鉴定,并对其进行部分酶切,酶切片段与载体连接,电击转入大肠杆菌DH10B中,成功的构建了棉花线粒体基因组BAC文库。该文库共挑取3 840个单克隆,平均插入片段大小为15.5 kb,覆盖率超过70倍,研究结果表明该基因文库具有较高的质量。     

Study on the Mitochondrial Genome of Sea Island Cotton (Gossypium barbadense) by BAC Library Screening

The plant mitochondrial genome displays complex features, particularly in terms of cytoplasmic male sterility （CMS）. Therefore, research on the cotton mitochondrial genome may provide important information for analyzing genome evolution and exploring the molecular mechanism of CMS. In this paper, we present a preliminary study on the mitochondrial genome of sea island cotton （Gossypium barbadense） based on positive clones from the bacterial artificial chromosome （BAC） library. Thirty-five primers designed with the conserved sequences of functional genes and exons of mitochondria were used to screen positive clones in the genome library of the sea island cotton variety called Pima 90-53. Ten BAC clones were obtained and verified for further study. A contig was obtained based on six overlapping clones and subsequently laid out primarily on the mitochondrial genome. One BAC clone, clone 6 harbored with the inserter of approximate 115 kb mtDNA sequence, in which more than 10 primers fragments could be amplified, was sequenced and assembled using the Solexa strategy. Fifteen mitochondrial functional genes were revealed in clone 6 by gene annotation. The characteristics of the syntenic gene/exon of the sequences and RNA editing were preliminarily predicted.