应用间接荧光抗体技术研究水中嗜水气单胞菌的数量与鱼类出血性败血病的关系

应用间接荧光抗体技术（ＩＦＡＴ），并结合嗜水气单胞菌（Ａｈ）地区优势血清型，对鱼类出血性败血病的致病菌Ａｈ进行水中数量的测定。ＭＭ感染试验和对生产鱼塘调查的结果表明，水中Ａｈ菌量与疾病呈正相关，致病浓度又随鱼体健康低下、水中氨氮偏高、溶氧偏低等多种因子的影响而下降。本试验方法快速简便，检测对象为水体，非常适用于预测疾病的发展趋势。     

不同栽培模式下晚稻齐穗后的光合性能及其与产量的关系

通过栽培技术的集成设置了5种栽培模式（T1氮空白、T2当地常规、T3高产高效、T4超高产、T5高效超高产）,采用随机区组试验设计,探索不同栽培模式下水稻齐穗后的光合性能（叶绿素含量、光合速率、叶绿素荧光）及其与产量的关系。结果表明：在齐穗后的20 d内,T2的叶绿素含量较T3、T4和T5含量高,而后其叶绿素含量较T3、T4和T5低;叶绿素荧光指标Y（NPQ）在齐穗后10 d,T3,T4,T5分别比T2高26.1％,60％,18％,在齐穗后30 d,T3,T4,T5分别比T2高25.5％,32.3％,32.0％,非调节性能量耗散的量子产额在齐穗后10 d,T3,T4,T5分别比T2低5.6％,13.3％,0.9％,在齐穗后30 d ,T3,T4,T5分别比T2低5.1％,16.6％,0.8％;非光化学淬灭系数在齐穗后10 d,T3,T4,T5分别比T2高34.9％,87.9％,21.1％,在齐穗后10 d,T3,T4,T5分别比T2高38.0％,57.8％,34.8％;T3、T4和T5的产量分别比当地常规模式T2提高8.3％、14.6％和25.8％,并且T4和T5在5％和1％显著水平上都与T2差异显著。说明通过栽培技术的集成,可提高齐穗后叶片的光合性能,从而提高产量。     

The effects of light and temperature on the photosynthesis of the Asparagopsis armata tetrasporophyte (Falkenbergia rufolanosa), cultivated in tanks

The integrated aquaculture of the tetrasporophyte of Asparagopsis armata Harvey (Falkenbergia rufolanosa) using fish farm effluents may be viable due to the species high capacity of removing nutrients and its content of halogenated organic compounds with applications on the pharmaceutical and chemical industries. In order to optimize the integrated aquaculture of F. rufolanosa, we followed the daily variation of the potential quantum yield (F_v/F_m) of PSII on plants cultivated at different biomass densities and different total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) fluxes to check if they are photoinhibited at any time of the day. Moreover, the photoinhibition under continuous exposure to highly saturating irradiance and its potential for subsequent recovery in the shade was assessed. The potential for year round cultivation was evaluated by measuring rates of O₂ evolution of plants acclimated at temperatures ranging from 15 to 29 °C, the temperature range of a fish farm effluent in southern Portugal where an integrated aquaculture system of F. rufolanosa was constructed.Photoinhibition does not seem to be a major constrain for the integrated aquaculture of F. rufolanosa. Only when cultivated at a very low density of 1.5 g fresh weight (FW) l^− 1 that there was a midday decrease in maximal quantum yield (F_v/F_m). At densities higher than 4 g FW l^− 1, no photoinhibition was observed. When exposed to full solar irradiance for 1 h, F. rufolanosa showed a 33% decrease in F_v/F_m, recovering to 86% of the initial value after 2 h in the shade. A midday decline of the F. rufolanosa F_v/F_m was also observed under the lowest TAN flux tested (∼6 μM h^− 1), suggesting that this fast and easy measurement of fluorescence may be used as a convenient diagnostic tool to detect nutrient-starved unbalance conditions of the cultures. Maximum net photosynthesis peaked at 15 °C with 9.7 mg O₂ g dry weight (DW)^− 1 h^− 1 and remained high until 24 °C. At 29 °C, the net oxygen production was significantly reduced due to a dramatic increase of respiration, suggesting this to be the species' lethal temperature threshold.Results indicate that F. rufolanosa has a considerable photosynthetic plasticity and confirm it as a good candidate for integrated aquaculture at temperatures up to 24° C and cultivation densities of at least 5 g FW l^− 1. When cultivated at these densities, light does not penetrate below the first few centimetres of the surface zone. Plants circulate within the tanks, spending around 10% of the time in the first few centimetres where they are able to use efficiently the saturating light levels without damaging their photosynthetic apparatus.     

刺梨花粉管萌发的荧光显微观察

花粉管作为连接柱头与胚囊的唯一结构,是外源DNA导入的通道。因此,必须首先形成花粉管通道,才能进行外源DNA的导入。本研究利用醋酸洋红染色对刺梨雌蕊、雄蕊进行显微观察,并在人工授粉后的0．5h、1h、3h、6h、10h、12h、14h、16h、18h、20h、24h和30h不同时期取其雌蕊,用苯胺蓝染色后进行荧光显微观察。研究结果初步探明了刺梨人工授粉的最佳时期在花蕾露红期;其花粉管通道从人工授粉后10h左右开始萌发,到18h左右完成萌发,花粉管萌发完成后的2～9h是利用花粉管通道法介导刺梨遗传转化的最佳时期。本研究结果将为花粉管通道法介导刺梨遗传转化技术体系的建立提供基础资料。     

Effects of artesunate on membrane surface morphology of human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells observed under atomic force microscope

AIM: To detect the membrane surface morphology of cancer cells treated with artesunate (ART) under atomic force microscope (AFM). METHODS: Human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells were cultured and treated with different concentrations of ART for 24 h. The membrane surface morphology, three-dimensional structures and ultrastructural changes of SGC-7901 cells were observed under AFM. The apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells was detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The AFM images revealed that the cell nuclear area was full and the surface of cell membrane was flat and smooth in control group. Compared with control group, the cell nuclear area collapsed and suffered atrophy, and the membrane surface had more pores in ART treatment groups. More pores were observed and the diameter of the pores was increased with the increase in ART concentration. The cell membrane ultrastructure showed that the particles in control group had an intensive distribution, some were cord-shaped and some gathered into a mass. The particles in ART treatment groups were fewer and distributed sparsely. Moreover, there were obvious lacunae in the surface of cell membrane. Quantitive measurement found that the height of cell nucleus area was decreased, and the surface root mean square roughness (Rq) and the surface average roughness (Ra) became smaller in ART treatment groups compared with control group. The apoptotic rates of the cells in ART treatment groups were increased with the increase in ART concentration, and were all significantly higher than that in control group. CONCLUSION: Our findings emphasize the significance of AFM in exploring the changes of the membrane surface morphology at nano-scale resolution following the treatment with anticancer drugs, which could not only identify the specific characteristics of morphological changes of the tumor cells, but also provide micromorphological references to reveal the mechanisms of anticancer drugs.     

白酒中Mn的FAAS测定方法的进一步研究

采用火焰原子吸收光谱法（FAAS）测定白酒中的金属元素Mn的含量，对白酒类分析样品的前处理方法做进一步改进，测定方法简单，精密度和灵敏度高，样品测定的相对标准偏差在0．44％～1．87％，回收率达98．5％～102．4％。     

荧光原位杂交检测野生六出花(Alstroemeria aurea) 染色体命运*

 利用从野生六出花(Alstroemeria aurea) 中分离的一个种特异性串联重复序列(A001-I) 作荧光原位杂交的探针, 检测野生六出花染色体在其一系列杂交后代中的命运。试验结果表明, 除最长的一对染色体外, 该方法能够检测到在其一系列杂种后代中其余7 对染色体是否存在。     

冬小麦杂种F_1及其亲本光合特性的研究初报

研究了 10个冬小麦 (Triticum aestivum L.)杂交组合的子一代 (F1)及其亲本的光合特性。结果表明 ,在这 10个杂交组合中 ,虽然只各有 4个杂交组合的 F1的 PS 总的光化学量子产额 (Yield)和光化学荧光猝灭系数 (q P)有超亲现象 ,但绝大多数组合的 F1光合功能都与母本十分相近 ,正反交组合的结果进一步证明这种相关性。可见 ,母系遗传对于 F1光合功能的优劣有着十分重要的作用。根据所得的实验结果 ,认为在配置冬小麦杂交组合时 ,选择具有优良光合功能的品种作母本 ,可为进一步筛选光合功能好的稳定品种创造条件 ,是加速小麦育种进程的重要途径之一     

甘蔗品种抗旱性光合生理指标及其综合评价

利用相关、主成分、聚类和判别分析, 研究有关生理生化指标与甘蔗抗旱性关系. 结果表明: (1)中度水分胁迫下, MDA含量和PMP有不同程度地提高, 而Fv/Fm、 Fv/Fo、ΔFv/Fo、ΔFv/Ft和T1/2 有不同程度地降低, 变化的幅度因供试品种基因型而异. (2)PMP与MDA含量呈极显著正相关, 而与Fv/Fm、 Fv/Fo及ΔFv/Fo呈显著负相关; Fv/Fm与F     

绿色荧光蛋白基因gfp在苏云金芽胞杆菌中表达的初步研究

 将携带蜡状芽胞杆菌特异启动子的gfpmut3a基因克隆到穿梭载体pHT30 4后 ,电转化至苏云金芽胞杆菌BMB171,CryB、IPS78 11、4Q7、HD 80 2 1中。通过荧光显微镜和Bio assayReader对含重组质粒pGFP 30 4的 5个受体菌分别进行荧光检测及定量分析。结果表明 ,gfpmut3a基因仅在苏云金芽胞杆菌无晶体突变株BMB171、CryB、IPS78 11、4Q7中表达并可检测得到菌体发光 ,并建立了一套适合于苏云金芽胞杆菌的GFP标记与检测方法。