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81.
分析了沙果嫁接苗发生苹果白粉病的症状、发生原因和规律,指出白粉病对嫁接苗的危害,并从树体管理和药剂等方面提出了防治沙果感染白粉病的具体技术措施。 相似文献
82.
橡胶树枝条内生真菌的分离及其拮抗性的测定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
经过严格的表面消毒程序,从橡胶树枝条中分离到18株内生真菌,并对其进行初步鉴定.结果表明,这18株内生真菌分别归属于2个目,2个科,7个属,其优势菌群为无孢菌群(Mycelia Sterilia).通过温度测定,确定橡胶树内生真菌最适生长温度为25~28℃:采用平板对峙培养法,研究内生真菌对香蕉枯萎病菌(Fusarum pxysporum f.sp.cubense)和橡胶炭疽病菌(Colletorichum gloeosporioides Penz.Sace)的抑菌作用.结果表明,ITBB2-2对两种植物病原菌的拮抗作用最好.ITBBBB2-10和ITBB2-15次之,ITBB2-3对香蕉枯萎病菌拮抗作用明显而对橡胶炭疽病菌拮抗作用不明显,其它内生真菌对两种植物病原菌无拮抗作用或不明显. 相似文献
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Jun Huang Juan Wang Xining Zhao Hongbin Li Zilong Jing Xiaodong Gao Xiaoli Chen Pute Wu 《Land Degradation \u0026amp; Development》2016,27(4):946-954
Land degradation is recognized as a major environmental problem in rainfed fruit orchards on the Chinese Loess Plateau. Six treatments were used to investigate surface runoff and soil moisture by means of simulated rainfall experiments: (i) a control (clean cultivation) (CC); (ii) strip cock's foot (Dactylis glomerata L.) cover (SCF); (iii) strip crown vetch (Coronilla varia L.) cover (SCV); (iv) strip bird's foot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) cover (SBF); (v) strip white clover (Trifolium repens L.) cover (SWC); and (vi) complete white clover cover (WCC). The time to runoff was significantly longer under WCC than under other treatments (p < 0·05). The total runoff volume and sediment yield were significantly greater under CC than under the vegetation cover treatments (p < 0·05). The mean infiltration rate under WCC and CC was the largest and lowest and differed significantly from that under other treatments (p < 0·05). The change of soil water storage was the largest under WCC and the least under CC. The soil moisture was significantly greater under SCF than under other treatments (p < 0·05). Treatment SCF seemed to be the best groundcover for rainfed sloping jujube orchards on the Chinese Loess Plateau. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
88.
针对果树栽植过程中株距难以控制的问题,考虑到现有的果树栽植机定株距存在结构复杂、制造成本高及受土壤滑移率影响较大等问题,设计了一种光电定株距装置,可以避免土壤滑移率对株距的影响,保证栽植果树株距的一致性,且可实现株距连续可调,满足不同果树栽植时对株距选择的要求。针对试验中出现的部分株距较设计值有所偏差的问题,分析了原因并提出了优化方案。试验结果表明:果树栽植机光电定株距装置栽植合格率92.5%,平均栽植深度合格率为92.9%,在1.7m栽植株距下,株距变异系数为5.9%,满足现代标准果园机械化生产要求。 相似文献
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Published documentation of insect pests and pathogens associated with Alnus species in Africa is very scarce. We surveyed damaging insects and pathogens, and arthropod natural enemies on Alnus acuminata and A. nepalensis in Kabale and Mbale districts, Uganda between March 1999 and August 2000 in order to identify the range and relative abundance of arthropods and pathogens associated with the Alnus species. Frequently encountered damaging insects on the Alnus species included Apis mellifera, Apion globulipenne, a Systates sp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Phymateus viridipes, a Lobotrachelus sp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Coloborrtics corticina and some Chrysomelidae. Some species such as Aphis fabae, Parastictococcus multispinosus and a Cacopsylla sp. (Homoptera: Psyllidae) were observed feeding on other agroforestry tree species and/or crops although they generally occurred at low population intensities. Spiders and parasitic Hymenoptera were the most common natural enemies. Diseases were more severe in nurseries than in the field. Damping-off caused by Fusarium oxysporum, Septoria brown leaf spot and stem canker were the most serious diseases of Alnus. The array of damaging insects and pathogens indicates a potential danger to the cultivation of Alnus species in Uganda as adoption of the species for agroforestry continues to expand in the country. In view of the increasing demand for Alnus species for agroforestry in Uganda, regular pest monitoring and appropriate control strategies are necessary.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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近年在沙糖橘主要产区广东省肇庆市和云浮市,沙糖橘囚黄化而导致低产、果实品质下降、树体早衰甚至死亡的现象剧增。试验处理800株沙糖橘,死亡16株,死亡率2%;对照120株,死亡91株,死亡率75.8%。研究表明:根据沙糖橘生物学特性和年生长发育规律,通过科学管理增强树势,能够减少沙糖橘黄化死亡,延长树体寿命。 相似文献