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71.
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以短花针茅(Stipa breviflora)草原为研究对象,采用经典统计学和地统计学的方法对不同载畜率样地(不放牧、轻度放牧、中度放牧和重度放牧)的土壤水分进行描述性统计、半变异函数及空间插值分析,旨在研究载畜率对荒漠草原土壤水分空间异质性的影响。结果表明,01)各处理的土壤含水量均随载畜率的增大而逐渐升高,各处理的变异系数(CV)在7.29%~9.79%,均呈弱变异性。2)半变异函数分析显示各处理的土壤水分含量均呈指数模型,不放牧的结构比为74.4%,属于中等程度变异。轻度、中度、重度放牧处理的结构比分别为94.4%、91.2%和96.0%,具有强烈的空间自相关性;3)利用克里格插值法对各样地的未知采样点进行插值分析,发现重度放牧处理土壤水分的空间变异程度最大,不放牧处理土壤水分的空间变异程度最低。所以,载畜率对土壤水分的空间分布有明显的影响。 相似文献
73.
Weiguo DU Travis R. ROBBINS Daniel A. WARNER Tracy LANGKILDE Richard SHINE 《Integrative zoology》2014,9(3):360-371
Geographic variation in life‐history traits among populations of wide‐ranging species is influenced by both spatial and temporal aspects of the environment. Rarely, however, are the effects of both aspects examined concurrently. We collected gravid female lizards (Sceloporus undulatus) from northern (Indiana), central (Mississippi) and southern (Florida) populations, spanning nearly the full latitudinal range of the species, to examine amongpopulation differences in strategies of reproductive energy allocation. Adult females from the southern population were smaller, and produced fewer and smaller eggs in their first clutches than did females from the more northern populations. Southern females were more likely to produce a second clutch, and second clutches were smaller than first clutches for females from the 2 northern populations. Together these trends eliminated population differences in overall reproductive output after accounting for body size. The trend for greater reproductive energy to be allocated to first clutches at higher latitudes, and to later clutches at lower latitudes is corroborated by published data from field studies on multiple populations. Distributing reproductive effort by producing more clutches of smaller eggs may be an adaptive response to the long season available for egg incubation and lizard activity in sub‐tropical southern environments. In contrast, allocating greater resources to early reproduction may enhance maternal fitness in the relatively short activity seasons that characterize more northern sites. 相似文献
74.
MA Zhen-yuan LI Ning YAN Ruo-qian BAN Fu-guo WANG Shu-juan ZHAO Xue-li XIE Cai-hua WANG Dong-fang WANG Hua-jun CAO Wei-wei 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(7):2086-2095
In order to learn the situation of pig pseudorabies virus (PRV) variant in this study, tissue samples such as lymph nodes which were collected from clinical pigs with suspected PRV infection were identified by PCR. PRV positive sample were inoculated on PK-15 cells after grinding and degerming, with further experiment including virus isolation, plague purification, PCR and IFA identification, TCID50 confirmed by Reed-Muench method, inoculation test and observation of clinical symptoms in mice. The gE gene of purified PRV and brain tissue samples of dead mice were identified by sequencing analysis. The results showed that the virus grown on PK-15 cells could produce typical cytopathic effect (CPE) after 24 h; After three rounds of plaque purification,the isolate was PRV positive identified by PCR and IFA, and nominated as HeNZK-2014; The TCID50 of the isolate was 10-9.77/0.1 mL; The virus in 1×108 TCID50 inoculation was able to cause itching, tearing, death in infected mice, and PRV could be detected in tissues of dead mice; The molecular genetic variation analysis of gE gene by PCR amplification and clone sequencing indicated that the gE gene from brain tissue of infected mice shared 100.0% homology with HeNZK-2014, and located in a relatively independent branch with newly pandemic isolates in recent years after 2011, but was far from the classical strains before 2011, and both had two insertion of aspartic acid (D) at sites of 48 and 496 amino acids, which were considered to be the typical characteristics of PRV variants. This study successfully isolated a PRV variant, which laid a foundation for further research on vaccine development, prevention and control against PRV variants. 相似文献
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Impact of dominance effects on sow longevity 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
T. Serenius K.J. Stalder & M. Puonti 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2006,123(6):355-361
The purpose of the current study was to estimate variance components, especially dominance genetic variation, for overall leg action, length of productive life and sow stayability until third and fifth parity in the Finnish pig populations. The variance components were estimated in two purebred [Landrace (LR), n = 23 602 and Large White (LW), n =22 984] and crossbred (LR × LW, n = 17 440) data sets. Five different analyses were carried out for all the traits to compare the effect of sows’ inbreeding, common litter environment and parental dominance in the statistical model when determining the genetic correlations of the traits for the two purebred and crossbred populations. Estimated heritabilities for the traits ranged from 0.04 to 0.06. The estimates for the proportion of dominance variance of phenotypic variance (d2) varied between 0.01 and 0.17, and was highest in the crossbred dataset. The genetic correlations of the same traits in purebred and crossbred were all high (>0.75). Based on current results, the effect of dominance should be accounted for in the breeding value estimation of sow longevity, especially when data from crossbred animals are included in the analyses. Because dominance genetic variation for sow longevity exists that variation should be utilized through planned matings in producing sows for commercial production. 相似文献
77.
鹅副粘病毒分离株NA-1株经11日龄鸡胚增殖后纯化。提取病毒的基因组RNA,采用RT-PCR扩增出与预期设计的1.7kb大小相符合的特异条带。将扩增产物提纯后克隆入pMD18-T载体,经纯化、筛选及酶切鉴定后,初步获得了含鹅副粘病毒HN基因的阳性克隆,并对阳性克隆进行了测序。测序后拼接得出HN基因的全序列长度为1740bp,该基因的ORF总长为1716bp,编码571个氨基酸。与GenBank下载的15株参考毒株比较HN基因编码区全核苷酸序列,发现所测NA-1株与国内标准强毒株F48E9核苷酸的同源性为84.5%,氨基酸的同源性为89.5%;与传统的疫苗株La Sota核苷酸的同源性为82.2%,氨基酸的同源性为88.5%;与鹅源禽副粘病毒SF02株核苷酸的同源性为97.1%,氨基酸的同源性为97.4%;与鹅源禽副粘病毒YG97株核苷酸的同源性为97.3%,氨基酸的同源性97.4%。说明NA-1株和SF02株、YG97株亲缘关系较近,它们三者可能有着共同的来源。根据基因树分析,NA-1株应属于基因VII型新城疫病毒。由此更进一步证实新城疫可以感染水禽,且对鹅具有高度的致死性。 相似文献
78.
抗原伪装是包括寄生虫在内的病原体的一种逃避宿主免疫反应方式.血吸虫在宿主间的转移实验证明了血吸虫具有抗原伪装现象.在血吸虫生活史的主要阶段均发现了许多与宿主相同的抗原以及众多的免疫抑制物质.这些物质有些是血吸虫自身表达的,有些是血吸虫结合的宿主抗原.它们通过掩盖血吸虫抗原等多种机理伪装血吸虫进而使血吸虫逃避宿主的免疫攻击. 相似文献
79.
地理远缘紫花苜蓿品种间杂交后代性状变异分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以紫花苜蓿杂交组合(云南德钦地区紫花苜蓿为母本,引进紫花苜蓿品种Acrora为父本)的杂交亲本、杂种一代、杂种二代为研究材料,对供试材料的植株高度、分枝数、叶片长宽、干重等的变异幅度和变异规律进行了分析,旨在探索地理远缘的紫花苜蓿材料间杂交后代的性状变异及其规律,为选育出适合云南地区种植的紫花苜蓿品种提供基础。结果表明:F2的叶形性状发生了分离,出现了多叶性状的变异体。与杂交亲本相比,杂种后代表型性状出现了较大的变异,且各性状间变异幅度存在一定的差异,F1的株高,F2的叶长、宽出现了超均优势。在杂种后代中,5个性状的变异系数从大到小依次为干重〉分枝数〉株高〉叶长〉叶宽。 相似文献
80.