H_2O_2和NaCl对黑豆种子萌发率和幼苗脯氨酸含量影响

用H2O2和NaCl浸种,观察黑豆种子的萌发率和测定幼苗脯氨酸(Pro)含量。结果显示:分别用3.00%、1.00%、0.10%、0.01%的H2O2和NaCl浸种,H2O2对黑豆种子萌发率的影响呈现先升高后降低的趋势,其中,用0.10%H2O2浸种萌发率最高(91.30%);NaCl对黑豆种子萌发率的影响呈现逐渐降低的趋势,其中,用0.01%NaCl浸种发芽率最低(79.30%)。H2O2对黑豆幼苗中Pro含量无明显的影响,表现为先缓慢升高后逐渐降低的趋势,其中,用1.00%H2O2浸种幼苗Pro含量最低(53.38μg/gwf);NaCl对幼苗Pro含量的影响表现为先快速升高后逐渐降低的趋势,其中用1.00%NaCl浸种幼苗Pro含量最高(79.213μg/gwf)。结论:用不同浓度的H2O2处理黑豆种子其幼苗Pro含量无明显的变化,但提高了种子的萌发率;NaCl则反之。     

鬼针草叶蛋白提取工艺条件的优化试验

采用水浴加热、酸化和盐析相结合的方法对鬼针草(Bidens bipinnata)中叶蛋白质进行提取。单因子和多因子正交试验分析了料液比、氯化钠加入量、pH、水浴温度4个因素对叶蛋白的粗蛋白质提取率的影响。结果表明,影响叶蛋白的粗蛋白质提取率的因素依次为料液比氯化钠加入量水浴温度pH,最佳工艺条件为料液比1∶20(g∶m L),氯化钠加入量4%,pH 4,水浴温度70℃。     

草甘膦环保水平的研究

<正>受益于全球转基因种植面积的持续增长,草甘膦全球需求依然处于快速增长期,但是由于其废水处理高难度这一全球性难题,使得供给端摆脱了历史上无序发展的局面,我们不得不说草甘膦环保问题已经成为影响行业发展的核心因素。基于此,笔者认为:环保水平的高低将成为草甘膦标的定价的最重要影响因子,草甘膦自从2013年5月底国家进行较为严格环保检查,草甘膦价格在市场上就有明显上涨(见图1),我们在文章中将立足草甘膦母液处理技术,从技术水平的可行性、经济效益性等角度对国内草甘膦标的进行定价。     

仔猪白痢处方

正处方1重水合技术:葡萄糖67.53%,氯化钠14.34%,甘氨酸10.3%,枸橼酸钠0.18%,枸橼酸钾0.21%,磷酸二氢钾6.8%,称取上述制剂64克,加水2000毫升,配成等渗溶液,喂药前停乳2日,每日喂2次,每次1000毫升。处方2硫酸黄连素注射液5毫升,肌肉注射,每日2次。处方3穿心莲注射液5毫升,肌肉注射,每日2次。处方4促菌生(又称DM423活菌制剂,每片0.25克,含活菌1～3亿),0.5～1片/千克体重,每日1次内服,连服3～5日。     

An Analysis to the Driving Forces for Water and Salt Absorption in Roots of Maize Seedlings Under Salt Stress

When maize seedlings were subjected to salt stress,a decline in root xylem pressure was observed within seconds,followed by a gradual increase in Na＋ deposition in the seedlings.The magnitude of xylem pressure response was positively correlated with,but not proportional to the intensity of the stress.A continuous recording of the xylem pressure profile showed that self-regulation of the xylem pressure existed before and after the imposition of salt stress when the environmental conditions were relatively stable.The salt induced increase in xylem tension dominated the total water potential of the plant when the salt stress was mild,but the osmotic potential became more prominent when the NaCl concentration in the root bathing solution was raised to over 100 mol m-3.The average transpiration rate of the seedlings dropped by 40% when the NaCl concentration in the root ambient was increased to 150 mol m-3.Although salt stress resulted in the decline of both the xylem pressure potential and the osmotic potential in the root xylem,the changes in the total water potential of the root xylem solution were always smaller than the changes in the water （osmotic） potentials of the solution bathing the root.An analysis to the water relations of maize seedlings showed that not only the water potential components,but the radial reflection coefficient of the roots was also dependent on the level of salinity.When the NaCl level in the root bathing solution was raised from 25 to 150 mol m-3,the radial reflection coefficient of the root declined from 0.43 to 0.31.This small change resulted in a remarkable increase in the normalised relative NaCl absorption by 2.4 times,indicating that the radial reflection coefficient of root played a very important role in regulating the absorption of NaCl in maize seedlings under salt stress.     

玉米抵御氯化钠胁迫机理研究进展

氯化钠胁迫是盐胁迫中对玉米产量危害较严重的胁迫,综述了氯化钠胁迫对玉米的影响,包括氯化钠胁迫对玉米种子萌发率的影响、氯化钠胁迫对玉米幼苗生长的影响、氯化钠胁迫对玉米产量的影响及玉米响应氯化钠胁迫的生理生化机理,概述了近年来玉米抵御氯化钠胁迫分子机理研究进展,最后对研究玉米抵御氯化钠胁迫机理过程中存在的问题及未来的研究方向进行阐述,为选育玉米耐盐种质提供基本的理论参考。     

Effects of NaCl and Ca^2＋ on Membrane Potential of Epidermal Cells of Maize Roots

The effects of salt-stress on plants involve not only the water stress caused by low osmotic pressure, but also the toxicity of excess Na^＋. A large amount of Na^＋ entering cells would reduce K^＋ uptake, which leads to an imbalance of K：Na ratio in cells. One of the reasons for the reduced K^＋-uptake is the closure of K^＋-channel which is controlled by membrane potential. Calcium is usually applied to improve the growth of plants on saline soils and shows positive influence in the integrality of cell membrane. This study applied glass microelectrode technique to monitoring the NaCl-induced changes of membrane potential of root epidermal cells of maize （Zea mays L., Denghai 11） seedlings at NaCl concentrations of 0, 8, 20, 50, 100, 200 mmol L^-1, respectively. The effect of Ca^2＋ on the changes of membrane potential caused by NaCl was also studied. The results showed that： NaCl caused cell membrane depolarization. The depolarization became greater and faster with increasing of NaCl concentration. Moreover, the extent of depolarization was positively correlated with NaCl concentration. The addition of calcium postponed the depolarization, and decreased the degree of depolarization caused by NaCl. High NaCl concentration leads to depolarization of maize root cell membrane, which can partly be counteracted by calcium.     

1例马驽巴贝斯虫病的诊治

<正>马驽巴贝斯虫病是由梨形虫纲驽巴贝斯虫(Basia caballi)寄生于马、驴、骡的红细胞内引起的一类血液原虫病。该病主要的传播者是硬蜱。笔者于2009年诊治了1例典型病例,通过综合诊治取得满意的疗效,现报告如下。1发病情况     

4种常用水产药物对西杂鲟幼鱼的急性毒性试验

在水温20~25℃条件下,采用静水试验法研究了聚维酮碘、溴氯海因、氯化钠和高锰酸钾等4种常用水产药物对西杂鲟幼鱼(平均体长11.40 cm,平均体质量10.10 g)的急性毒性。结果显示,聚维酮碘对西杂鲟幼鱼的24、48、72、96 h半致死质量浓度(LC50)分别为8.81、8.50、8.34、8.17 mg/L,安全质量浓度(SC)为2.37 mg/L;溴氯海因对西杂鲟幼鱼的24、48、72、96 h半致死质量浓度分别为0.98、0.95、0.94、0.91 mg/L,SC为0.27 mg/L;氯化钠对西杂鲟幼鱼的24、48、72、96 h半致死质量浓度分别为13954.78、13545.83、13292.42、13139.48 mg/L,SC为3829.06 mg/L;高锰酸钾对西杂鲟幼鱼的24、48、72、96 h半致死质量浓度分别为2.94、2.89、2.82、2.77 mg/L,SC为0.84 mg/L。试验结果表明,聚维酮碘和氯化钠对西杂鲟幼鱼的安全质量浓度高于生产中的常用剂量,聚维酮碘可作为生产上的首选药物,氯化钠可放心使用但使用剂量不宜过高;高锰酸钾对西杂鲟幼鱼具有一定的毒性,使用后应适当投喂添加抗氧化剂和保肝的药物;溴氯海因对西杂鲟幼鱼的安全浓度低于生产常用剂量,因此不建议在养殖生产中使用。     

国家食品药品监管局理通知停用鱼腥草注射液

国家食品药品监督管理局6月1日发出通知，决定即日起在全国范围内暂停使用鱼腥草注射液、新鱼腥草素氯化钠注射液、新鱼腥草素钠注射液、注射用鱼腥草素钠、复方蒲公英注射液、炎毒清注射液、鱼金注射液等7种注射剂，并暂停受理和审批这7种注射剂的各类注册申请。