辽宁省大板镇海棠资源圃营建过程

野生海棠是阜新乡土树种,本文对阜新及周边地区5处海棠主要栽培区域进行调查和收集,以苗木方式收集到海棠种质资源12个品种,保存株数20000株,从选址、区划、营造、苗木、栽植、抚育管理、基础设施建设等方面介绍了阐述营建海棠资源圃的全过程。     

Evaluation of different approaches to individual tree growth and survival modelling using data collected at irregular intervals - a case study for Pinus patula in Kenya

Background： The minimum set of sub-models for simulating stand dynamics on an individual-tree basis consists of tree-level models for diameter increment and survival. Ingrowth model is a necessary third component in uneven-aged management. The development of this type of model set needs data from permanent plots, in which all trees have been numbered and measured at regular intervals for diameter and survival. New trees passing the ingrowth limit should also be numbered and measured. Unfortunately, few datasets meet all these requirements. The trees may not have numbers or the length of the measurement interval varies. Ingrowth trees may not have been measured, or the number tags may have disappeared causing errors in tree identification. Methods： This article discussed and demonstrated the use of an optimization-based approach to individual-tree growth modelling, which makes it possible to utilize data sets having one or several of the above deficiencies. The idea is to estimate all parameters of the sub-models of a growth simulator simultaneously in such a way that, when simulation begins from the diameter distribution at the first measurement occasion, it yields a similar ending diameter distribution as measured in the second measurement occasion. The method was applied to Pinus patula permanent sample plot data from Kenya. In this dataset, trees were correctly numbered and identified but measurement interval varied from 1 to 13 years. Two simple regression approaches were used and compared to the optimization-based model recovery approach. Results： The optimization-based approach resulted in far more accurate simulations of stand basal area and number of surviving trees than the equations fitted through regression analysis. Conclusions： The optimization-based modelling approach can be recommended for growth modelling when the modelling data have been collected at irregular measurement intervals.     

借鉴国外ITQ管理经验促进我省渔业管理的发展

本文收集国内外有关ITQ管理的资料，介绍了ITQ管理制度的特点和实施该制度应具备的一些必要条件。ITQ制度能有效地保护渔业资源，减少政府过多的行政干预，抑制过度投资，体现市场为导向的资源分配方式和有偿使用渔业资源等特点。同时，总结了新西兰实施ITQ制度对渔业产业结构、资源保护和社会经济方面的影响。最后，对我省实施ITQ管理的可能性和渔业管理上采取的相应措施提出了建议。     

海河水系鱼类资源调查

<正> 海河是华北的主要水系之一,由大小支流300余条组成,汇集于天津后始称海河。海河的鱼类资源历来处于自然增殖,无人管理状态,水产资源情况不清,国外的鱼类学工作者曾做过一些鱼类的收集和记载,但都是零散的,从未有人进行过系统的鱼类资源调查。南开大学顾昌栋教授对天津鱼类进行过收集记载,其中包括部分海河鱼类。笔者在“南水北调对沿线水生生物生态效应的研究”工作中,于1979年4月至11月,对海河水系鱼类资源进行了调查,并对此进行讨论分析。     

ISSR-Based Molecular Characterization of an Elite Germplasm Collection of Sweet Potato （Ipomoea batatas L.） in China

To determine the genetic diversity and population structure of sweet potato accessions cultivated in China, and to establish the genetic relationships among their germplasm types, a representative collection of 240 accessions was analyzed using inter-simple sequence repeat （ISSR） markers. The mean genetic similarity coefifcient, Nei’s gene diversity, and shared allele distance of tested sweet potato accessions were 0.7302, 0.3167 and 0.2698, respectively. The 240 accessions could be divided into six subgroups and ifve subpopulations based on neighbor-joining （NJ） clustering and STRUCTURE results, and obvious genetic relationships among the tested sweet potato accessions were identiifed. The marker-based NJ clustering and population structure showed no distinct assignment pattern corresponding to lfesh color or geographical ecotype of the tested sweet potato germplasm. Analysis of molecular variance （AMOVA） revealed small but signiifcant difference between white and orange-lfeshed sweet potato accessions. Small but signiifcant difference were also observed among sweet potato accessions from the Southern summer-autumn sweet potato region, the Yellow River Basin spring and summer sweet potato region and the Yangtze River Basin summer sweet potato region. This study demonstrates that genetic diversity in the tested sweet potato germplasm collection in China is lower than that in some reported sweet potato germplasm collections from other regions. Pedigree investigations suggest that more diverse Chinese sweet potato varieties should be formed by broadening the selection scope of breeding parents and incorporating the introduced varieties into future breeding programs.     

福建野生葡萄种质资源的收集与创新利用

福建省农业科学院农业工程技术研究所闽台果树种质资源研究室长期从事葡萄的引种、栽培和推广等工作,对推动福建省葡萄产业的发展起到了重要的作用。在承担福建省财政专项（2060503科技条件专项）、福建省自然科学基金（2012J01102）和福建省公益类科研院所专项（2011R1017—2）等项目中,     

林木生物质原料收集半径分析——以景谷县生物质发电项目为例

结合景谷县生物质发电项目特点,以翔实的调查数据为依据,以成本的经济性为基点,通过分析原料供求现状、估算原料收集成本,构建原料收集成本与收集半径的关系模型,科学地确定了项目的原料收集半径,以期为项目投资运营的可行性提供科学依据。     

不同刈割期秧草收割物悬浮速度的测定与分析

为了获取秧草收割物的悬浮速度参数,采用DFPF-25型悬浮速度试验装置对结荚期、初花期和分枝期秧草收割物主要成分的悬浮速度进行测定,并采用对比试验分析了叶子和茎秆对悬浮速度的影响。结果表明,3个时期的收割物对应成分的悬浮速度中,结荚期最大,初花期次之,分枝期最小;3个时期的最大悬浮速度依次为4.238、3.736和2.653 m·s-1;同一时期的各成分间的悬浮速度有重叠,表明收割物的飞行系数相近,气流较难将其分离,说明气流分选不可行。对比试验表明,去叶前后秧草收割物的悬浮速度变化率与叶子质量占比的比值为1.225~3.745,说明叶子对收割物的悬浮速度的影响比茎秆对悬浮速度的影响大。该研究结果可为秧草收获机的收集装置和分选装置的设计提供参考和依据。     

我国热带牧草种质资源的收集、保存与利用现状

介绍了牧草种质资源的作用及我国热带牧草种质资源的收集、保存与利用的现状,提出了加强我国热带牧草种质资源工作的几点建议.     

污染死鱼的诊断、控制和证据收集

当前水环境污染的加剧,给水产养殖带来了巨大的危害,掌握常见污染的简单判断、急救方法及证据收集注意事项,对于有效制止污染并进行渔业损失索赔、保障渔农合法权益具有重要的价值。