茶树品种'木禾种'成品茶的感官特征及干茶识别

‘木禾种’与‘鸠坑种’、‘龙井种’并称为浙江三大有性系茶树品种,然而对‘木禾种’成品茶特征尚未见研究报道。本文通过感官审评、理化指标检测和卷积神经网络识别三种方法对7个‘木禾种’原料加工的成品茶进行分析,旨在获取‘木禾种’在茶类适制性、成品茶辨别度上的基础数据和信息。结果表明‘木禾种’在黑茶陈香纯正,红茶显甜香,各茶类均具有一定的适制性;‘木禾种’成品茶水浸出物含量整体偏低;与丽水香茶、寿眉白茶、贡眉白茶、武夷岩茶、熟普、茉莉花茶、金骏眉7种成品茶比对结果,‘木禾种’的7个成品茶的识别率平均达到了99.24%,具有非常高的外形辨识度。本文还分析了‘木禾种’茶树在各类茶的适制性,其成品茶具有非常高的品种辨识度,可为‘木禾种’资源的进一步开发利用提供参考。     

Distribution and Remobilization of Nitrogen in Young Non-Bearing Orange Trees Grown Under Mediterranean Conditions

To evaluate the distribution and source of nitrogen (N) in non-bearing orange trees (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck cv. ‘Lane Late’ grafted on ‘Carrizo’ citrange), an orchard was established in a Gleyic Podzol (South Portugal). Trees were labelled with ¹⁵N-enriched ammonium nitrate. A set of trees was used for monthly leaf sampling while a second set was destructively harvested in November of each year and separated into different plant organs. Five trees also received unlabelled N after one year of labeling to evaluate the re-distribution of N within the plant. Nitrogen concentration in new leaves tended to decrease following the growth flushes of March, June, and August. The N derived from fertilizer (%Ndff) was small in April suggesting the importance of internal N reserves for new development in spring. Fertilizer use efficiency was 6, 20, and 30% in the 1^st, 2^nd, and 3^rd years, respectively. More than half of the ¹⁵N absorbed by plants each year was allocated to young organs, but the %Ndff was practically the same for all plant organs in the three years. Of the total N content of trees in November 2001, about 35% derived from fertilizer applied that year, 16% from fertilizer applied the previous year, and the remaining 49% came from other N sources.     

Nitrogen Application Rate and the Change in Carbohydrate Concentration in Leaves,Fruit, and Canes of Gold Kiwifruit

Gold kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis Planch. var. chinensis ‘Hort16A’) is an important crop for New Zealand. In this trial, all nutrients, except nitrogen (N), were applied at levels comparable to commercial practice. The control treatment received approximately 145 kg N/ha/y, a conservative rate of N application for kiwifruit. The zero-N treatment vines received all nutrients except N, and the high-N treatment received double the control levels of N. Carbohydrate concentrations in the leaves, fruit and canes of zero-N and high-N vines were determined periodically through the season for two years. There were lower total sugar concentrations in the leaves of the zero-N vines however total carbohydrate concentration content was higher in the zero-N fruit. Vegetative vigor was reduced in the zero-N vines when compared to the high-N vines. By reducing N, the partitioning of carbon to fruit appears favored. This effect may be due to modified sink strength under reduced N.     

FOLIAR APPLICATION OF BORON INFLUENCES THE LEAF MINERAL STATUS,VEGETATIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE GROWTH,YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY OF ‘KINNOW’ MANDARIN (CITRUS RETICULATA BLANCO.)

The effects of foliar application of boron (B) in the form of boric acid on vegetative and reproductive growth, yield and fruit quality of ‘Kinnow’ mandarin (Citrus reticulate Blanco.) were investigated. Kinnow mandarin was sprayed with different concentrations of boric acid viz. (0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.4%) at fruit set stage. Leaf nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), B, and zinc (Zn) along with flush length, tree height, tree spread and tree trunk diameter increased, while leaf length and leaf age showed non-significant results after foliar B application. Yield of the ‘Kinnow’ mandarin was significantly affected by foliar application of B and a significant increase in fruit weight at harvest was also observed. Soluble solid concentration (SSC): titratable acidity (TA) ratio, ascorbic acid, total sugars, total phenolic content (TPC) and total antioxidants significantly affected, while pH of juice, SSC, TA, reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars showed non- significant results.     

惠安县主要农业气象灾害及防御对策

随着极端天气事件的增加,我国农业气象灾害的危害及影响越来越严重.该文利用惠安县崇武国家基准气候站1954～2012年的气象观测资料和气象灾情资料,对干旱、台风、暴雨洪涝、大风、低温连阴雨等惠安县主要农业气象灾害的致灾成因和特点及其对农业生产的危害进行论述,并提出相应的防御对策.     

黑龙江省农村居民消费及其影响因素分析

以消费理论为基础,采用问卷调查和查阅原始资料的方式获取相关数据,分析黑龙江省农村居民消费水平和消费结构,运用主成分分析法对黑龙江省农村居民消费影响因素进行分析,得出影响黑龙江省农村居民消费的6大因素排序为：家庭支出、家庭收入、国家政策、消费品供给、消费观念、基础设施建设.并对各具体因素进行系统评价,为拉动黑龙江省农村居民消费、促进农村经济发展提供可行性参考.     

“5S”技术在土地资源可持续发展中的应用

对"5S"技术在土地资源的可持续发展研究领域的应用进行了分析,认为将高新技术"5S"结合运用,将极大地推动土地资源可持续发展的研究。     

‘广两优676’作为菜后稻的氮磷钾施肥效应与适宜用量研究

为研究‘广两优676’超高产水稻作为菜后稻的施肥效应,应用"3414"试验设计方法,在菜田上进行田间试验。结果表明,在碱解氮含量偏低、有效磷钾含量丰富的菜田上,施用氮肥具有显著增产效果,磷钾肥具有一定增产作用。根据建立的三元二次肥效模型,得到试验条件下的经济施肥量为N 103kg·hm-2、P2O541kg·hm-2、K2O 103kg·hm-2,氮磷钾适宜施用比例为1∶0.4∶1。     

莸与金叶莸主要光合特性的变化

为莸与金叶莸在园林绿地中的科学栽培与合理配植提供依据,利用CIRAS-2型便携式光合系统分析仪,对其主要光合特性进行了测定。结果表明:莸与金叶莸晴天的光合速率日变化均为双峰曲线,但光合速率峰值出现的时间不尽相同,二者均具有光合午休现象。莸和金叶莸叶片的光饱点分别为1 597μmol/(m2·s)和1 789μmol/(m2·s);光补偿点分别为83μmol/(m2·s)和56μmol/(m2·s)。金叶莸对强光的适应性比莸广,但水分利用效率低于莸。     

江南牡丹茎段愈伤组织诱导与植株再生

为探讨不同培养基、不同植物生长调节剂对江南牡丹茎段愈伤组织诱导及植株再生的影响,本研究以江南牡丹凤丹幼嫩茎段为材料,通过愈伤组织途径建立了植株再生体系。结果表明:改良MS培养基为牡丹茎段愈伤组织诱导的最佳培养基,愈伤组织最高诱导率为93.3%,最佳的培养基组合为改良MS+2,4-D0.2mg·L-1+6-BA2.0 mg·L-1+NAA0.3 mg·L-1。在愈伤组织分化过程中,加入KT0.2mg·L-1效果最好,有机物也能促进愈伤组织分化,其中加入水解酪蛋白300 mg·L-1效果最佳。牡丹茎段愈伤组织分化培养基为改良MS+KT0.2 mg·L-1+6-BA0.3 mg·L-1+NAA0.1 mg·L-1,分化率为37.8%,牡丹愈伤组织不定芽在1/2MS+IBA0.2 mg·L-1条件下能够诱导生根,诱导率为最高的13.3%。本研究结果将为进一步开展江南牡丹的高效再生体系和转基因育种等研究提供技术支持和理论依据。