冰草高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基基因的分离及结构特征分析

通过SDS-PAGE分析，在二倍体、四倍体和六倍体冰草[Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn.]中都检测到2个表达的高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基（HMW-GS），但不同倍性的材料之间，以及相同倍性材料的不同种子之间的HMW-GS组成均有所不同。利用PCR技术对冰草的HMW-GS基因进行克隆，结果从二倍体、四倍体和六倍体冰草中分别克隆了3个、1个和3个y型HMW-GS基因的全长编码区序列。序列分析表明，只有来自六倍体冰草中的Bsy2基因具有完整的开放阅读框，编码1个有487氨基酸残基、分子量约为53 kD的HMW-GS，大小相当于SDS-PAGE图谱中的大亚基。而其余6个基因均在中间重复区发生了无义突变。本文对冰草HMW-GS基因的结构特点和进化关系进行了分析。     

Composition and Content of High-Molecular-Weight Glutenin Subunits and Their Effects on Wheat Quality

Sedimentation values, flour glutenin macropolymer (GMP) contents, composition and contents of high-molecular-weight (HMW) glutenin subunits (GS) of 233 flour samples were determined. Our data indicated that subunit 1 occurred more frequently at Glu-A1, subunit pair 7 + 8 at Glu- B1 and 2 + 12 at Glu-D1. The significant relationships between Glu-1 quality score and total HMW glutenin content, sedimentation value and GMP content suggested that the composition of HMW-GS affects wheat quality strongly. Moreover,the total content of HMW-GS was correlated with certain quality parameters more significantly. Relationship between subunit 5 + 10 content and breadmaking quality was better than others, but 2 + 12, 7 + 8, 7 + 9 and 4 + 12 also correlated with certain quality parameters significantly. The contents of total HMW-glutenin, x-type subunits and y-type subunits related with sedimentation value, flour GMP content, and Glu-1 quality score more strongly than that of individual subunit or subunit pair. The flour GMP content, with excellent correlation to sedimentation value, total contents of HMW glutenin, x- and y-type subunits and many other quality parameters, could be an ideal indicator of breadmaking quality at earlier generations for breeding purpose for its simple procedure and small scale.     

西藏普通小麦地方品种特有高分子量谷蛋白亚基组合“Tibetan Dx5*+Tibetan Dy10”中Tibetan Dy10亚基基因测序与分析

 【目的】鉴定在西藏小麦地方品种中发现的特有高分子量谷蛋白亚基组合“Tibetan Dx5*+Tibetan Dy10”中的Tibetan Dy10亚基是否与普通小麦Dy10亚基为同一亚基。【方法】利用SDS-PAGE分析和Tibetan Dy10亚基基因的克隆和测序。【结果】表明Tibetan Dy10亚基与普通小麦中Dy10亚基广泛存在的Dx5+Dy10组合形式中的Dy10亚基的分子序列非常相似，但分别在2个六肽中的1个氨基酸部位发生替换，第335位的甘氨酸（G）和第451位的谷氨酰氨（Q）在Tibetan Dy10 中均被替换为精氨酸（R）。【结论】Tibetan Dy10与普通小麦中常见的Dy10亚基基因的DNA序列存在微小差异，属于Dy10位点的一个新变异。     

香蕉RuBPCase小亚基基因全长 cDNA的克隆和分析

利用RACE和RT-PCR技术,从香蕉中克隆出编码RuBPCase小亚基的全长cDNA,并与GenBank中已经报道的其他部分香蕉bcS基因的核苷酸和推导的氨基酸序列进行同源性分析,为进一步研究香蕉RUBPCase 的功能与结构提供依据。     

Isolation and Identification of Group I Type 4 Avian Adenovirus and Analysis in Immune Effect of Fiber-2 Protein

The aim of this study was to identify pathogens, which caused pericardial effusion, hepatomegaly and bleeding at a chicken farm in Henan province, and furthermore to analyze effectiveness of immunogenic proteins of the pathogen. This study employed virus isolation, serological assays, PCR and sequencing analysis, animal experimentation, E. coli expression and protein purification, immunogenicity and challenge test and other methods. The results showed that virus was isolated in 7-day-old SPF chicken embryonated eggs, inoculated via the yolk sac route by two blind passages. Viral confirmation was carried out using PCR techniques, and showed a 900-bp-long fragment which shared a 100% homology with the Hexon gene of the serotype C4 strain. Serum neutralization results indicated that this isolate avian adenovirus was the group I type 4 avian adenovirus, named HN-ZK strain. The virus could induce CPE on primary hepatocytes of chicken embryo, and its titer was 10^7.5 TCID₅₀·0.1 mL^-1. Animal experimentation illustrated that the isolated virus caused 100% (10/10) typical symptoms and pathogenicity in 35-day-old SPF chickens. Furthermore, the DNA of the isolate virus was used as a template to express Fiber-2 fragment, with a molecular weight of 33 kDa by using the E. coli expression system, and the protein was concentrated and purified to 300 mg·mL^-1 after centrifugation and purification. SPF chickens were immunized with different doses of the purified Fiber-2 protein, and showed that a dose of 20 μg per chick was completely resistant to challenge of the virulent virus, suggesting the purified Fiber-2 protein has better immunogenicity. This study can provide data for diagnosing the hydropericardium hepatitis syndrome, and developing a genetic engineering subunit vaccine.     

Evaluation of fresh pasta-making properties of extra-strong common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

The relationship between characterictics of flour of common wheat varieties and fresh pasta-making qualitites was examined, and the fresh pasta-making properties of extra-strong varieties that have extra-strong dough were evaluated. There was a positive correlation between mixing time (PT) and hardness of boiled pasta, indicating that the hardness of boiled pasta was affected by dough properties. Boiled pasta made from extra-strong varieties, Yumechikara, Hokkai 262 and Hokkai 259, was harder than that from other varieties and commercial flour. There was a negative correlation between flour protein content and brightness of boiled pasta. The colors of boiled pasta made from Yumechikara and Hokkai 262 grown under the condition of standard manuring culture were superior to those of boiled pasta made from other varieties. Discoloration of boiled pasta made from Yumechikara grown under the condition of heavy manuring culture was caused by increase of flour protein content. On the other hand, discoloration of boiled pasta made from Hokkai 262 grown under the condition of heavy manuring culture was less than that of boiled pasta made from Yumechikara. These results indicate that pasta made from extra-strong wheat varieties has good hardness and that Hokkai 262 has extraordinary fresh pasta-making properties.     

口蹄疫病毒牛源整联蛋白受体β3、β8亚基基因的克隆及分子特征分析

本研究旨在从分子角度阐明口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)牛源整联蛋白受体β3和β8基因的结构特征,并为研究病毒遗传变异与宿主范围改变奠定基础。采用RT-PCR技术在国内首次从牛肾组织获得β3和β8基因,并用生物软件对它们的分子特征进行了分析。结果显示:β3亚基基因全长2 355bp,编码784个氨基酸,其中信号肽由22个氨基酸组成,胞外区由692个氨基酸组成,跨膜区由29个氨基酸组成,胞质区由41个氨基酸组成,氨基酸同源性与羊最高,与易感FMDV的牛、骆驼、猪和羊的β3亚基位于同一进化分支,各功能区的保守性为胞质区>跨膜区>配体结合区>胞外区>信号肽,但半胱氨酸富集区的突变率仅次于信号肽。牛源β8亚基基因全长2 304bp,编码767个氨基酸,包括42个氨基酸的信号肽,637个氨基酸的胞外区,29个氨基酸的跨膜区及59个氨基酸的胞质区,氨基酸同源性与马最高,进化分析发现与猪的β8亚基不在同一分支,各功能区的保守性排序为跨膜区>配体结合区>胞质区>胞外区>信号肽。将β3亚基与β8亚基比较发现,β8亚基的配体结合区比β3亚基更为保守,β3亚基的胞质区存在NPLY基序,而β8亚基无此基序,且β8亚基胞质区可变性更高。本研究提示FMDV对ανβ8的利用率高于ανβ3可能与β8亚基配体结合区更为保守有关。     

MiAsg分子克隆及与南方根结线虫病害的关系

根结线虫(Meloidogyne spp.)是一种世界性的植物病害。在前期研究中,通过利用生物信息学方法在线虫全基因组中预测了一些功能基因。本研究以预测到的线粒体ATP合成酶g亚基基因(Asg)序列设计特异引物克隆了南方根结线虫(M. incognita)的Asg基因(MiAsg),对其序列进行了特征分析后,利用病毒诱导的基因沉默(VIGS)技术,将其导入番茄植株,然后接种M. incognita,研究MiAsg基因与根结线虫病害的关系。结果表明,克隆到的MiAsg基因与预测到的MiAsg基因相似性高达100%。接种M. incognita 60 d后,MiAsg基因沉默的番茄植株根结数分别比空载体对照减少了59.6%,比清水对照降低了59.5%。结果表明,MiAsg基因沉默对根结线虫病害具有很好的防控效果,也说明MiAsg基因可能参与线虫的致病性。     

猪链球菌保护性抗原表位串联亚单位疫苗设计及小鼠免疫保护效力分析

为了筛选和鉴定猪链球菌3个保护性抗原GAPDH、MRP、DLDH的优势B细胞抗原表位,设计表位串联方案,研究重组串联表位蛋白(简称GMD蛋白)免疫小鼠后对猪链球菌攻击的免疫保护效力。采用生物信息学分析工具对优势B细胞抗原表位进行筛选,并将表位串联并构建重组质粒pET28a-GMD,诱导表达且纯化后将GMD蛋白配合弗氏佐剂免疫BALB/c小鼠,并评价该蛋白对2型猪链球菌的免疫保护效力。发现经SDS-PAGE鉴定该重组蛋白大小为43.3 kDa;小鼠免疫保护实验结果显示,免疫小鼠血清中针对猪链球菌HA9801菌株抗体效价最高可达1∶102 400,GMD蛋白对小鼠的免疫保护率可达90%。上述结果表明面对猪链球菌HA9801菌株的攻击,GMD蛋白可以为机体提供良好的免疫保护,本研究结果为猪链球菌新型表位亚单位疫苗的研制提供了基础数据。     

Antimicrobial effects of black rice extract on Helicobacter pylori infection in Mongolian gerbil

It has been reported that cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (C3G) is an inhibitor of Helicobacter pylori toxin secretion. C3G is classified as an anthocyanin and is a major component of black rice extract (BRE). The present study aimed to identify a new functional food material to prevent H. pylori infection in Mongolian gerbil model. Toxicity in the liver and kidney were not detected after BRE administration (10 or 50 mg/kg). BRE treatment reduced bacterial colonization in animal gastric tissue, as well as infection signs as observed on the analysis of the hematological data. It was also found that the relative mRNA levels of the inflammatory cytokines were reduced in BRE-treated groups. These findings suggest that BRE acts as a potent inhibitor of H. pylori infection and pathogenesis in Mongolian gerbils. We propose that BRE may be used to manage gastroduodenal diseases caused by H. pylori infection.