高效液相色谱法同时测定干菊花中五种防腐剂

建立了同时测定干菊花中5种防腐剂的高效液相色谱分析方法,优化后的色谱条件为采用Waters XTerra C18色谱柱(3.9 mm×150 mm,5μm)分离,流动相为乙酸水溶液(0.1%)/甲醇梯度洗脱,用二极管阵列检测器在波长254 nm处进行检测。结果表明,5种防腐剂在18 min内可获得较好的分离效果,在0.1~20.0 mg/L范围内线性关系良好(r≥0.999 8),检出限为0.001 5~0.059 0 mg/L,定量限为0.005 0~0.196 8 mg/L,加标回收率为85.9%~97.8%,RSD为0.5%~12.5%。该方法操作简单、灵敏度高、重复性好,可用于检测干菊花中防腐剂。     

Effect of dietary inclusion of spray‐dried porcine plasma on performance,some physiological and immunological response of broiler chickens challenged with Salmonella sofia

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of spray‐dried porcine plasma (SDPP) in broiler chickens under Salmonella sofia disease challenge. The experiment comprised five starter diets: positive control (no supplement), diet supplemented with in‐feed antibiotics (IFA; salinomycin 0.05% + zinc bacitracin 0.033%) and diets supplemented with SDPP at 10 or 20 g/kg diet. All four of these groups were challenged with S. sofia, while a fifth group was unchallenged and used as the negative control. The experimental diets were fed to 14 days; then, the birds were switched to commercial‐type grower and finisher diets. Oral inoculation of the challenged groups with S. sofia occurred on day 8, 10 and 12. Body weight was significantly higher in the birds fed diets containing IFA and SDPP than in the challenged control group, but it was only significant in starter and grower phases. In general, there was an improvement in the weights of the immune‐related organs, but it was only significant for the weight of the bursa of SDPP‐fed birds at 13 days. At day 13, blood potassium content was lower and the concentrations of IgG and IgM tended to be lower in the birds fed on low‐SDPP starter diets than those of the other groups. There were significant differences in the concentration of lactic acid in the ileum and acetic acid, formic acid, butyric acid and propionic acid in the caeca. Inclusion of SDPP to the starter diets of broiler chicks had positive effects on broiler performance, immunity and gut health during exposure to highly pathogenic conditions.     

A STUDY ON HEAT AND MOISTURE STATE OF HULL LAYER FOR THERMAL INSTULATION OF A COLD STORAGE

This paper analyses the thermal moist characteristics of the hull layer beside an air layer at lower temperature in an envelope for a cold storage and presents a new method of waterproof by air layer. With test data from engineering practice, the theory on the barrier of self moisture proof at the surface sublayer of the hull layer in an attic on a cold storage is proven. The dried zone about three phase point is confirmed. It is a new knowledge for thermophysics on thermal design of a cold storage with an optimum thermal performance.     

龙眼干果与鲜果的糖组分分析

利用高效液相色谱法 (HPLC) 分析了石硖、储良、东壁、青壳宝圆、冬宝9号、公妈本、九月乌、施冲浦、晚香等9个龙眼品种干果和鲜果的糖组分含量。结果表明,9个龙眼品种干果和鲜果中的可溶性糖主要有果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖;鲜果中的果糖含量16.4 ~ 36.0 mg/g,葡萄糖含量14.9 ~ 33.7 mg/g,蔗糖含量87.5 ~ 161.7 mg/g,总糖含量135.7 ~ 193.0 mg/g,甜度值144.5 ~ 200.8;干果中的果糖含量84.5 ~ 160.7 mg/g、葡萄糖含量67.5 ~ 125.8 mg/g、蔗糖含量169.0 ~ 356.8 mg/g、总糖含量444.6 ~ 538.2 mg/g、甜度值497.2 ~ 590.7;龙眼干果和鲜果中均以蔗糖含量最高;与鲜果相比,干果中的果糖、葡萄糖占比提高,蔗糖占比降低。     

赤[鱼工]肌肉的营养成分及鱼松保健食品的试制

对赤鱼工肌肉营养成分进行了分析 ,其粗蛋白含量为 2 0 6 % (干基为 6 4 7% ) ;氨基酸分析结果表明 ,第一限制氨基酸为色氨酸 ,氨基酸评分为 92分 ,蛋白质营养价 ;无机质含量丰富 ,微量元素Se含量为 0 91mg/kg (干基 4 2 3mg/kg) ,Cu为 1 38mg/kg (干基为 6 4 2mg/kg) ,是含Se、Cu很高的水产品。赤鱼工肌肉经加工处理 ,可制得味美可口且食用方便的赤鱼工肉松     

低盐乳酸菌法与传统法腌干鱼制品的风味比较

为了研究不同腌制方法对鱼肉风味的影响,为腌干鱼制品加工新技术的进一步优化和应用提供理论依据,采用固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱(SPME-GC-MS)联用法分析,鉴定比较了鲜红牙原料采用低盐乳酸菌法和传统法腌干鱼制品的风味成分变化。结果表明:鲜红牙、低盐乳酸菌法腌干鱼和传统腌干鱼肉中分别检测出80、110、91种挥发性成分,醛、醇、酮类化合物是构成腌干鱼肉独特风味的主要成分。经低盐乳酸菌法腌干的鱼肉挥发性物质对风味贡献较大的醛、醇、酮类化合物总量达35种,而鲜鱼和传统腌干鱼肉中分别只有17和21种。低盐乳酸菌法腌干鱼肉风味物质中含有大量的醇、醛类物质,但不含有胺类物质,在保持传统腌制鱼肉风味的基础上增加了特有的花香味、水果香味及酒香味,提升了鱼肉感官品质。所以采用低盐结合复合乳酸菌法制备腌干鱼,不仅能缩短腌制时间,还能提升腌干鱼肉特有的风味,而且防止了胺类物质的产生,显著提高产品的品质和安全性。     

五香豆干微波杀菌真空包装加工工艺研究

五香豆于是营养丰富又极难防腐保鲜的食品,进行了利用微波杀菌真空包装技术延长五香豆干货架期的研究.将五香豆干采用耐高温蒸煮袋包装,含水量控制在65％左右,在室内常温条件下采用的频率为2450 MHz微波杀菌120～180 s,在(36±1)℃温箱培养7d后,其含菌量不高于GB2711-2003要求,感官评分远远高于对照组...     

牧区奶干渣组合式发酵剂响应面法优化

以脱脂牦牛乳为试验材料,发酵3.5 h滴定酸度为试验指标,在不同菌种最佳组合方式筛选的研究基础上,利用响应面Box-Behnken中心组合试验研究了4株筛自牧区、发酵性能优良的菌种:保加利亚乳杆菌(MGD1-3)、嗜热链球菌(MGB39-5)、嗜热链球菌(G81-1)、植物乳杆菌(BM5152)不同接种比例对牧区奶干渣发酵效果的影响。结果表明,优化得到最优组合式发酵剂为:MGD1-3体积分数3.06%、MGB39-5体积分数0.64%、G81-1体积分数0.55%、BM5152体积分数2.04%,滴定酸度为75.87°T。为了便于实际操作,确定最终体积接种比为:MGD1-3∶MGB39-5∶G81-1∶BM5152=30∶6∶5∶20,接种量体积分数为6.0%,该条件下进行3次平行试验,得到滴定酸度平均值为74.21°T;将接种优化后组合式发酵剂制成的奶干渣(试验组)与牧区采集奶干渣(对照组)进行感官与理化指标比较,结果表明该组合式发酵剂发酵性能优良。     

麻竹笋干提取L-酪氨酸实验

采用水解法提取麻竹笋干中的L-酪氨酸,研究料液比、pH值、脱色时间等因素对提取效果的影响。结果表明：麻竹笋干提取L-酪氨酸的最佳工艺参数为：料液比1：7,pH值为5．6,脱色时间60min。在此条件下,麻竹笋干提取L-酪氨酸的提取率为0．109％。     

Polymerisation of gluten proteins in developing wheat grain as affected by desiccation

The breadmaking quality of wheat is affected by the composition of gluten proteins and the polymerisation of subunits that are synthesised and accumulated in developing wheat grain. The biological mechanisms and time course of these events during grain development are documented, but not widely confirmed. Therefore, the aim of this study was to monitor the accumulation of gluten protein subunits and the size distribution of protein aggregates during grain development. The effect of desiccation on the polymerisation of gluten proteins and the functional properties of gluten were also studied. The results showed that the size of glutenin polymers remained consistently low until yellow ripeness (YR), while it increased during grain desiccation after YR. Hence, this polymerisation process was presumed to be initiated by desiccation. A similar polymerisation event was also observed when premature grains were dried artificially. The composition of gluten proteins, the ratios of glutenin to gliadin and high molecular weight-glutenin subunits to low molecular weight-glutenin subunits, in premature grain after artificial desiccation showed close association with the size of glutenin polymers in artificially dried grain. Functional properties of gluten in these samples were also associated with polymer size after artificial desiccation.