水貂阿留申病病毒CIEP抗原结合蛋白初探

以水貂阿留申病病毒对流免疫电泳(CIEP)细胞抗原为材料,经酶印迹(Westemblotting)测定,水貂阿留申病病毒CIEI细胞抗原与多克隆阳性血清反应,分子量为60000,50000和25000,而与CIEP阴性的抗水貂阿留申病病毒的单克隆抗体(Y—2—9)反应,分子量为60000,50000.因此初步确定水貂阿留申病病毒CIEP细胞抗原决定族位于分子25000蛋白上.     

水貂大肠埃希氏菌病的诊治试验

通过对患病水貂进行病理剖检,细菌纯培养,病毒检测,生化鉴定,确定是水貂大肠埃希氏菌病。再应用多种抗生素作药敏试验,筛选出了高度敏感的抗菌药。并对山东省威海地区水貂大肠埃希氏菌病的发生规律进行了探讨。     

Molecular Cloning,Sequence Analysis and Tissues Expression Profile of Part of Mink Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) Genes

The present study was aimed to explore the potential role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on the mink immunity, and accumulate alternative genetic material for the mink breeding for disease-resistant.Four pairs of primers were designed according to ferret TLR sequences in GenBank to obtain the sequences of TLR genes (TLR4, TLR6, TLR7 and TLR8) of mink and then performed bioinformatics analysis of these sequences.In addition, the expression of TLR4 and TLR7 genes in various tissues in young and adult minks were analyzed by RT-PCR. Sequence homology analysis showed that mink had higher homology with carnivora (ferrets, polar bear, panda, walrus, seals, dog, tiger and cat) which had the nearest perimeter in the phylogenetic tree.Tissue expression analysis showed that TLR4 and TLR7 were widely and differently expressed in variety tissues of mink.Interestingly, the expression of TLR4 and TLR7 in young mink were much higher than that in adult mink.     

Validating an empiric sulfadiazine–trimethoprim dosage regimen for treatment of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus delphini infections in mink (Neovison vison)

Antimicrobial agents are used extensively off‐label in mink, as almost no agents are registered for this animal species. Pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) data are required to determine antimicrobial dosages specifically targeting mink bacterial pathogens. The aims of this study were to assess, in a PKPD framework, the empirical dosage regimen for a combination of trimethoprim (TMP) and sulfadiazine (SDZ) in mink, and secondarily to produce data for future setting of clinical breakpoints. TMP and SDZ PK parameters were obtained experimentally in 22 minks following IV or oral administration of TMP/SDZ (30 mg/kg, i.e. 5 mg/kg TMP and 25 mg/kg SDZ). fAUC/MIC with a target value of 24 hr was selected as the PKPD index predictive of TMP/SDZ efficacy. Using a modeling approach, PKPD cutoffs for TMP and SDZ were determined as 0.062 and 16 mg/L, respectively. By incorporating an anticipated potentiation effect of SDZ on TMP against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus delphini, the PKPD cutoff of TMP was revised to 0.312 mg/L, which is above the tentative epidemiological cutoffs (TECOFF) for these species. The current empirical TMP/SDZ dosage regimen (30 mg/kg, PO, once daily) therefore appears adequate for treatment of wild‐type E. coli and S. delphini infections in mink.     

The influence of the hemoglobin concentration in growing mink kits on certain skin characteristics

The relationship between some skin characteristics and hemoglobin values during the growth period were statistically examined in standard male minks. Significant correlations) (P < 0.05–0.001) were found between the hemoglobin concentrations determined at 3 points during the growth period (in July, August and November) and the density and colour of underfur, and skin length, respectively. According to the study even the early hemoglobin values in July and August have a significant influence on the size and quality of the pelt. Mink kits with low hemoglobin values are liable to develop a winter fur coat with defective pigmentation and hair structure of the underfur. Anemic minks develop the most extreme stage of the pigmentation defect and these so-called cotton fur skins have little value in the fur garment industry. When these abnormal hemoglobin values are recognized at an early stage, cotton fur skins may be avoided, and larger skins of better quality may be produced.     

金州黑色标准水貂对中国养貂行业的影响

介绍了金州黑色标准水貂这一品种的培育过程和优良特性 ,阐述了该水貂新品种对推动中国水貂养殖行业的发展将起到很大的作用     

水貂细小病毒性肠炎灭活疫苗保存期试验

对2~8℃条件下保存90,120,150,180,210,240,300,360 d的水貂细小病毒性肠炎灭活疫苗接种水貂进行免疫试验,结果表明:保存300 d的疫苗接种水貂30 d后血清中水貂肠炎细小病毒(MEV)HI抗体均在1∶32以上,免疫水貂强毒攻击均获得100%保护,确定水貂细小病毒细胞灭活疫苗保存期为300 d。该结果为水貂细小病毒细胞灭活疫苗运输和保存提供了理论依据。     

实验性水貂细小病毒性肠炎的病理形态学研究

健康水貂6只,3只作对照,另3只口服-20℃保存9个月的水貂细小病毒性肠炎粪毒。实验貂临床症状典型,小肠粘膜出现“气球样”上皮细胞,肠腺和绒毛上皮细胞广泛变性、坏死、脱落,胞浆内可见嗜酸性小体;胞核可见两种类型Cowdry A型包涵体;在肠系膜淋巴结、骨髓、脾和肾上腺也观察到了核内包涵体。在小肠绒毛上皮细胞膜上和肠腺腺腔中发现大量G-小杆菌。同时,用扫描电镜观察了各肠段粘膜表面的变化;用透射电镜研究了空肠前段粘膜上皮细胞中水貂细小病毒(MPV)的形态发生及其所引起的超微病变,发现核仁及其相随染色质参与了核内包涵体的形成。     

Age‐dependent baseline values of faecal cortisol metabolites in the American mink (Neovison vison) under semi‐natural housing conditions

The welfare of an animal is ensured if it is able to fully satisfy its essential species‐typical needs in all functional aspects of behaviour. In mink, stereotypies and apathy, internal and/or external injuries as well as increased susceptibility to disease have been known to occur as a result of chronic stress. The non‐invasive method of analysing faecal cortisol metabolites (FCM) allows conclusions to be drawn about the stress level in the respective housing system. The objective of this study is to find out how the cortisol metabolites content in the faecal changes with increasing age of the mink under semi‐natural housing conditions. Thus, 40 American mink (Neovison vison) were housed in two outdoor enclosures imitating natural conditions. Throughout the entire study (13th to 32nd week of life), faecal samples were collected to measure cortisol metabolites. No differences in FCM concentrations between the two outdoor enclosures were found. In the young mink lower, less fluctuating FCM levels were found than in older animals. After the first faecal collection in the 13th/14th week of life, the level of metabolites decreased slightly (p = 0.032; 17th/18th week). From the 22nd/23rd week onwards until the 30th/31st week, shortly before the animals were pelted, continuously increasing concentrations were then measured. Increasing FCM levels with advancing age of the animals are probably attributable to the onset of sexual maturity and/or the respective season. This has to be taken into account in future studies using this method for assessing welfare and when comparing different mink housing systems.     

检测水貂出血性肺炎绿脓杆菌的比色LAMP法的建立与应用

为了快速有效检测水貂出血性肺炎病原绿脓杆菌,本研究结合金属指示剂HNB特性建立了快速检测绿脓杆菌比色LAMP法。根据绿脓杆菌外毒素A基因设计引物,建立了检测LAMP法;并且对该方法进行了特异性、灵敏性分析;同时进行了初步应用。结果显示,该方法特异性强,灵敏性好,可检测167CFU/mL的菌体,对病貂肺脏检出率高。结果表明,该比色LAMP法可以有效地检测水貂出血性肺炎绿脓杆菌。