用模糊综合评判法预测马尾松毛虫幼虫高峰期发生量

为了提高马尾松毛虫一代、二代幼虫高峰期发生量预报的准确性,为有效防治马尾松毛虫提供科学依据,本文运用模糊综合评判的6个数学模型预测安徽省潜山县马尾松毛虫一代、二代幼虫高峰期的发生量,验证预报1989年、1994年、2002年和2017年一代马尾松毛虫幼虫高峰期发生量,预报结果分别为2级、4级、2级和1级,与实况级别完全吻合,预报结果准确。预报1989年、1994年、2002年和2017年二代马尾松毛虫幼虫高峰期发生量,预报结果依次是4级、5级、2级和1级。同样与实况级别全部相同。预报的准确率为100%,模糊综合评判法是一个运算简便、准确性高的预报方法。     

棉红铃虫人工饲料饲养技术

设计了4种饲料配方饲养红铃虫.结果表明.以取食A、B配方的红铃虫幼虫成活率最高,分别为65.0%和68.1%;取食A配方的幼虫期最短,为18.57 d,平均蛹重18.7 mg,与红铃虫田间种群及Adkisson饲养的蛹重差别不大,可以满足室内试验需要;经过连续4代饲养后,含麦胚的饲料配方可以使幼虫期稳定在19 d左右、蛹重稳定在18mg以上,是目前能够稳定人工饲养红铃虫的最合适饲料.     

河川沙塘鳢胚胎、仔鱼发育过程中蛋白酶活性的变化

采用生物化学方法测定和分析了河川沙塘鳢(Odontobutis potam ophila)胚胎、仔鱼发育过程中胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶的活性及其变化。结果显示,在胚胎发育初期,其胃蛋白酶的活性一直很低,在孵化前期,其胃蛋白酶的活性增高,之后继续升高,在孵出后5 d的仔鱼,其胃蛋白酶的活性达到最高。在胚胎发育初期,其胰蛋白酶活性相对较高,在眼黑色素出现期时明显升高,而在孵化前期时再次升高,孵出后5 d的仔鱼,其胰蛋白酶的活性亦达到最高。这也说明在河川沙塘鳢的胚胎、仔鱼发育过程中,其蛋白酶的活性总体呈上升的趋势。     

大黄鱼仔鱼摄食节律与生长的初步研究

本文研究了大黄鱼仔鱼的昼夜摄食习性及生长。实验结果表明:全长5.0—5.5mm的大黄鱼仔鱼具有明显的昼夜摄食节律,白天摄食,夜间不摄食。白天有三个摄食高峰,以下午13:00最高,早上9:00和下午17:00次之。仔鱼在12日龄前生长较慢,12日龄后生长明显加快。全长与日龄之间的关系可用方程TL=3.7545e~(0.047D)表示。     

Does sand content in spawning substrate result in early larval emergence? Evidence from a lithophilic cyprinid fish

The spawning success of lithophilic salmonids is strongly influenced by the fine sediment content (“fines”) of spawning substrates, yet knowledge on the impacts of fines on the spawning of non‐salmonid lithophiles remains limited, despite their ecological and socio‐economic importance in European rivers. Consequently, the aim here was to use an ex‐situ experiment to investigate the impact of sand content on egg survival and timing of larval emergence of the surface‐spawning cyprinid European barbel Barbus barbus. Thirty incubator boxes within a recirculating system were filled with one of five experimental sediment mixtures (0%–40% sand by mass) that each contained 300 fertilised eggs at a depth of 50 mm. Emerged, free‐swimming larvae were captured and counted daily to assess grain‐size effects on larval survival and emergence. Specifically, total proportion of emerged larvae, cumulative daily proportion of emerged larvae and time required to reach 50% emergence were measured during the study. Whilst the proportion of sand in the sediments did not have a significant impact on egg‐to‐emergence survival (mean survival per treatment 75%–79%), it significantly affected the timing of larval emergence to the water column; early emergence was detected in treatments with elevated sand content (on average, 50% emergence after 12–13 days versus 19 days in the control). Similar to findings from salmonid studies, these results suggest high sand content in spawning gravels can influence timing of larval emergence and potentially cyprinid lithophilic fish survival.     

小肽对大黄鱼仔鱼生长和小肠发育的影响及其在低温胁迫下的抗氧化应激效应

本试验分为生长试验和低温胁迫试验2部分.先分别投喂大黄鱼(Larimichthys cro-cea)仔鱼经不同浓度(0、0.5、1.0、2.0和3.0 mL/m3)小肽营养强化后的轮虫和卤虫12 d,以探讨小肽对大黄鱼仔鱼生长和小肠发育的影响;再将大黄鱼仔鱼暴露在温度为12℃的水体中24 h,以探讨小肽对低温胁迫下大黄...     

条石鲷胚胎及仔稚鱼的发育

通过对条石鲷胚胎发育和仔鱼发育形态的观察,确定了条石鲷早期发育的进程。条石鲷的受精卵为圆球形、透明、浮性,卵径为0．90～0．95mill,油球1个,卵裂为盘状卵裂。在水温23～24℃,盐度26～28的条件下,受精后7h 10mirh胚胎发育至原肠期;受精后12h,眼囊形成;受精后20h 30min,心跳开始搏动;受精后26h 30min仔鱼孵出。初孵仔鱼全长1．78～2．03min,至5日龄全长3．25～3．30min时,卵黄囊完全消失;至8～15日龄,全长3．50～4．97mm时,鳔形成;至18．20日龄,全长7．10～7．31min时,尾鳍鳍条发育完整。