腐殖酸复合生物肥对日光温室番茄增产增收效果的影响

为验证腐殖酸复合生物肥在日光温室番茄上的施用增产效果,选用液体冲施型腐殖酸复合生物肥,采用多处理随机区组试验,结果表明:常用肥+腐殖酸生物肥配施追肥与常用肥单施追肥比较,番茄的植物学性状、产量及经济效益均存在显著差异,常用肥+腐殖酸生物肥配合追施产量高达8697.62kg·(667 m2)-1,较常用肥单施追肥增产671.01kg·(667 m2)-1,增产率8.36%,收益达20544.28元/667m2,增收1580.4元/667m2,增加8.33%,增产增收效果明显,适宜在温室番茄生产上推广应用。     

利用太阳能烘干蚕茧的初步研究

以稀土生态农用膜为光能接受和转化物,将光能中的紫外线等转化为远红外线从而可利用太阳能烘干蚕茧。采用该方法在蚕茧适干时的温度比传统的茧灶干茧法稍低,且外界温度的高低直接影响茧层内的温度高低,从而影响烘茧时间的长短。由于远红外线直接穿透茧层干燥蛹体,所以不损伤茧丝品质,干茧解舒率可提高4.46个百分点。     

内外遮阳对连栋塑料温室内光环境的影响

借助热辐射理论 ,在分析太阳辐射在温室内的传播过程基础上 ,建立了一种连栋塑料温室在无遮阳、内遮阳和外遮阳情况下的光环境模型 ,并结合实际情况分析讨论了边缘效应对室内光环境的影响。结果表明 :在不考虑边缘效应时 ,内、外遮阳条件下温室内的光环境基本上无差异 ;而考虑边缘效应时 ,外遮阳具有相对较好的光照环境 ,在遮阳网透射率低时更为明显。实测结果与模拟值的变化规律基本吻合。     

乌兰察布盟太阳能和风能资源的开发利用

本文通过分析计算乌兰察布盟多年气象资料,说明本地区的太阳能和风能资源丰富,综合开发利用效益高,潜力大,对于推动本地区的经济发展具有重大意义。     

太阳能土壤加热系统在西瓜反季节栽培中的应用

研究了太阳能土壤加热系统对反季节栽培西瓜的影响.研究结果表明,太阳能土壤加温系统能够增强植株长势,提高西瓜产量和品质,特别是当散热管埋在距地面35 cm处时效果最好.     

太阳能制冷低温储粮应用效果初探

从降低机械压缩式制冷低温储粮能耗及运行成本的角度出发,设计、建造了一台太阳能吸附式制冷系统,并将该系统在高温季节进行了低温储粮的实仓实验。测试结果表明:在夏秋高温季节,采用太阳能制冷系统冷却粮仓上部空气隔离层,可有效降低仓温,抑制粮温回升,实现准低温储粮。经济性分析表明太阳能制冷系统用于低温储粮的运行成本明显低于压缩式制冷谷物冷却机。     

叶幕微区光环境对果树生长发育的影响

通过对国内外有关叶幕微气候及叶幕微区光环境文献质料的研究,对果树叶幕中光能的截获与分配、光谱与光质的变化以及对果树生长发育的影响进行了分析。在文献综述的基础上,提出了改善苹果园光环境的可能途径。     

山西南部日光节能温室土壤化学特征及其相关性的研究

为了明确山西南部碳酸盐褐土日光节能温室土壤肥力变化特征和指导菜农科学地进行日光节能温室养分资源管理,系统地研究了栽培0 ～ 10年日光节能温室土壤的pH、EC值、OM、全N、有效P、硝态N、速效K、交换性Ca和交换性Mg的变化趋势.结果表明,栽培年限与土壤EC值、OM、全N、有效P、硝态N、交换性Mg呈显著正相关,其中...     

Tropical reptiles in pine forests: Assemblage responses to plantations and plantation management by burning

Worldwide, the land area devoted to timber plantations is expanding rapidly, especially in the tropics, where reptile diversity is high. The impacts of plantation forestry and its management on native species are poorly known, but are important, because plantation management goals often include protecting biodiversity. We examined the impact of pine (Pinus caribaea) plantations, and their management by fire, on the abundance and richness of reptiles, a significant proportion of the native biodiversity in tropical northern Australia, by (i) comparing abundance and diversity of reptiles among pine plantations (on land cleared specifically for plantation establishment), and two adjacent native forest types, eucalypt and Melaleuca woodlands, and (ii) comparing reptile abundance and richness in pine forest burnt one year prior to the study to remove understorey vegetation with pine forest burnt two years prior to the study. We also examined the influence of fire on reptile assemblages in native vegetation, by comparing eucalypt woodland burnt two years prior to the study and unburnt for eight years. To quantify mechanisms driving differences in reptile richness and abundance among forest types and management regimes, we measured forest structure, the temperatures used by reptiles (operative temperature) and solar radiation, at replicate sites in all forest types and management regimes. Compared to native forests, pine forests had taller trees, lower shrub cover in the understorey, more and deeper exotic litter (other than pine), and were cooler and shadier. Reptile assemblages in pine forests were as rich as those in native forests, but pine assemblages were composed mainly of species that typically use closed-canopy rainforest and prefer cooler, shadier habitats. Burning did not appear to influence the assemblage structure of reptiles in native forest, but burning under pine was associated with increased skink abundance and species richness. Burned pine was not warmer or sunnier than unburned pine, a common driver of reptile abundance, so the shift in lizard use after burning may have been driven by structural differences in understorey vegetation, especially amounts of non-native litter, which were reduced by burning. Thus, burning for management under pine increased the abundance and richness of lizard assemblages using pine. Pine plantations do not support the snake diversity common to sclerophyllous native forests, but pine may have the potential to complement rainforest lizard diversity if appropriately managed.     

北方干寒地区日光温室CO2预测模型建立与冬季试验

根据质量平衡原理,构建了适用于北方干旱、寒冷地区典型日光温室CO2动态预测模型。模型定量描述了作物光合和呼吸作用、土壤呼吸作用、CO2施肥、自然通风及闭膜后的冷风渗透对室内空气中CO2的动态影响过程。利用内蒙古农牧业科技园区的日光温室对模型进行了冬季验证。结果表明,模型能较好地预测北方干旱、寒冷地区冬季晴天、多云天气的日光温室室内空气CO2浓度的动态变化过程,且预测值和实测值之间的相对误差小于10%。