盐胁迫对灌木柳无性系幼苗生长及光合作用的影响

以江苏省林业科学研究院新近杂交培育的6个灌木柳无性系1年生扦插苗为试材,采用水培试验方法,研究了0 ~ 3 g·L^－1范围内不同质量浓度氯化钠胁迫对灌木柳无性系幼苗生长及光合作用的影响。结果表明,低质量浓度氯化钠胁迫（1 ~ 2 g·L^－1）对根长、根生物量无显著影响,高质量浓度氯化钠胁迫（3 g·L^－1）使根长、根生物量显著降低（P＜0.05）。在氯化钠胁迫处理下,苗高、茎叶生物量、叶绿素质量分数、净光合速率和气孔导度均低于对照,并随着氯化钠质量浓度提高下降幅度加大（P＜0.05）。供试灌木柳无性系中,JW2345和JW2372无性系生长和光合作用受氯化钠胁迫影响最小,耐盐性相对较强;JW1065和JW2334无性系受氯化钠胁迫影响最大,耐盐性相对较弱。图4表3参19     

柳树插条自动喂入装置取料机构优化设计与试验

针对我国柳树插条半自动扦插作业人工喂入劳动强度大和作业效率低的问题,提出一种实现有序出料、取料和送料功能的柳树插条自动喂入装置,并针对该装置进行取料机构的优化设计与相关试验研究。建立取料机构运动学模型和优化设计模型,应用自主开发的软件分析确定了取料机构参数的取值范围,进而利用Matlab软件的遗传算法工具箱实现取料机构的参数优化;完成取料机构结构设计,进行取料机构虚拟运动仿真验证;研制取料机构样机和柳树插条自动喂入装置试验台,开展取料机构高速摄像试验和柳树插条自动喂入试验,研究取料机构运动特性,检验自动喂入装置的工作性能。在自动喂入效率达到55株/min时,柳树插条喂入成功率约为83%,表明该装置具有应用于柳树插条自动扦插机的可行性。     

基于有机设计的湘西竹编创新设计研究

针对湘西竹编产品设计存在的不足,基于有机设计,探寻湘西竹编的创新设计方法。从形态、情感表达、环境协调三个维度对有机设计的竹编产品特性进行分析,探讨有机设计竹编产品的特征和优势,总结了有机设计竹编产品的表现形式,并以实例阐述了基于有机设计的湘西竹编创新设计方法。将有机设计引入竹编产品的创新设计,可丰富湘西竹编产品种类,创造富有现代感和形式美感的竹编产品。研究表明:融合湘西元素的仿生设计法和基于传统竹编器型的变形法是两种有效可行的创新方法。     

Parental Nutrition and Chick Production in Captive Willow Ptarmigan (Lagopus L. Lagopus)

The breeding performance of captive willow ptarmigan on different diets has been studied. The nutritional factors tested were protein concentration, natural feed supplement and grass meal and flavonoid admixture, and effects on egg numbers, fertility, hatchability, chick weights at hatching and 0–14 days mortality have been recorded.The breeding performance of ptarmigan hen in captivity showed great individual variations. Egg numbers were not statistically different in groups fed the different diets. Hens fed a 15 % crude protein died tended to produce smaller chicks with significantly lower viability than chicks from hens fed a 20 % crude protein diet. Supplement of natural feed tended to increase the number of chicks hatched through a combination of tendency to higher egg numbers and improved fertility. These tendencies were, however, statistically nonsignificant. Inclusion of 34 % grass meal to the diet also tended (non-significantly) to improve fertility and hatchability, while inclusion of flavonoids had no positive effect on reproduction.Eggs from captive hens showed significantly lower fertility, and a tendency to lower hatchability than eggs from wild hens. The former difference was probably caused by the close cage confinements for the captive ptarmigan, while the latter condition probably was due to different start of incubation, most of the eggs from wild hens being started naturally.     

Chick Nutrition and Mortality in Captive Willow Ptarmigan (Lagopus L. Lagopus)

Willow ptarmigan chicks were reared during 8 years on concentrates supplemented with blueberry plants. Mortality during the first 3 weeks after hatching ranged between 33 and 65 %, and was mainly caused by enteritis and digestive tract obstructions. The annual variations in chick survival seemed to be caused by the variations in plant phenology. The survival was highest when spring and blueberry plant development was late, and lowest when spring was early and warm, leading to early lignification of blueberry plant leaves.     

LL480Ⅲ-190型剑杆织机生产苎麻织物浅析

本文介绍LL480Ⅲ-190型剑杆织机性能和特点，根据苎麻织物织造的特殊要求，结合苎麻织物的实际生产情况，提出了LL480Ⅲ-190型剑杆织机生产苎麻织物的织造工艺设计方案，提高了苎麻织物织造效率和织物质量水平。     

垂爆109柳、旱布329柳的选育及推广利用

主要介绍 2个速生乔木柳树新品种垂爆 10 9柳 (Salix×′Chuibao10 9′)和旱布 32 9柳 (Salixmatsudana×S .bulkingensis)的选育过程、优良特性、推广应用情况及栽培技术 ,为新品种的进一步推广、育苗造林提供了可靠的理论依据     

防治杨柳树飘絮措施探讨

分析了银川市杨柳树飞絮的成因和危害,总结了目前使用的注射药剂、高接换头、喷水、引进新品种、雌株主干重剪、树下种草、灌木6种治理技术,认为通过带有高压喷头的洒水车给杨树喷水是治理杨树飞絮的一种见效快、成本低的方法,从根本上解决柳树飞絮问题的方法是高位嫁接技术,更新杨柳树品种是解决杨柳树飞絮问题的一种可持续发展的治理方法。     

14%吡虫啉·敌敌畏注干液剂防治柳树天牛技术研究

利用14%吡虫啉.敌敌畏注干液剂、4.15%吡虫啉.阿维菌素注干液剂、4.5%吡虫啉注干液剂、10%啶虫脒注干液剂和30%敌畏.氧乐注干液剂等5种药剂进行了树干注射防治危害柳树的光肩星天牛(Anop lophora g labrip enn is(M otschu lsky))试验,并研究了14%吡虫啉.敌敌畏注干液剂田间防治光肩星天牛的使用技术。结果表明,供试的5种注干药剂对光肩星天牛幼虫均有一定的防治作用,其中14%吡虫啉.敌敌畏注干液剂防效最好。14%吡虫啉.敌敌畏注干液剂以1.0 mL/cm树干胸径注药量对天牛幼虫的防效可达90.7%,优于对照药剂30%敌畏.氧乐注干液剂。利用14%吡虫啉.敌敌畏注干液剂林间防治天牛时,当幼虫虫口密度低于1.15头/株时,1年注药1次;虫口密度约为5头/株时,1年注药2次;虫口密度约为12头/株时,两年注药3次,可将虫口密度控制到0.15头/株以下,有效控制天牛的危害。     

竹柳引种试验初报

对不同造林密度和不同混交方式竹柳的适生状况进行了初步研究,结果表明:随着造林密度的增加,竹柳的保存率呈线性下降趋势,生长状况也呈下降趋势,以3 750株.hm-2的造林密度具有较好的保存率和生长状况;当混交比例为5∶5时,竹柳的保存率和生长状况较好,可在造林实践中进一步推广,但不同混交树种间未表现出显著差异,可能跟造林时间较短,其适生性状未得到充分表现有关。