基于K均值聚类的厚壁组织区域自动提取

桉树是我国南方的速生丰产林,区域提取是定量分析各种组织抑制桉树茎生根原因的重要前提。为此,介绍了基于K均值聚类的在桉树茎切片图像中自适应提取厚壁组织区域的图像处理技术。将桉树茎切片彩色图像转换为CIEL*a*b*彩色空间,用K均值聚类分析算法对描述颜色的a*和b*通道进行聚类分析,提取细胞厚壁,然后填充其中白色的细胞腔,构成完整的厚壁组织区域。实验结果表明,在CIEL*a*b*空间使用该算法可以获得较准确的实验结果。     

现代城市园林景观设计的现状与发展

我国城市园林规划与设计的起步晚,整体水平还不高,在建设过程中还存在着一些问题,整体设计水平有待提高。我国现代城市园林景观规划的设计应树立长远目标,遵循可持续发展的战略理念,以人为本,多学科综合应用,达到经济、社会和生态效益的统一。     

ANP方法在都市型农业评价指标体系中的应用

都市型农业立足于生产、生活、生态的结合,强调城乡同步发展,强调经济、生态、社会统筹发展。在综述国内外都市型农业研究的基础上,采用网络分析法(ANP)建立都市型农业评价指标体系,讨论了应用ANP方法求解问题的理论基础,分析了指标间的依存和反馈关系,并用SD软件对指标体系的ANP模型进行了快速求解。     

Urbanization Development under Climate Change: Hydrological Responses in a Peri‐Urban Mediterranean Catchment

Relatively few studies have so far investigated the hydrological impacts of urbanization in Mediterranean catchments, and particularly in peri‐urban catchments experiencing relatively rapid and large changes in their land‐use mosaic. This study uses data‐based model simulations to investigate such impacts, with the Ribeira dos Covões catchment in Portugal as a concrete Mediterranean peri‐urban catchment example. We distinguish the impacts of urbanization from those of climatic change on the water flux partitioning and connectivity in the catchment over the period 1958–2013. Decrease in precipitation over this period has primarily driven decreases in annual runoff and actual evapotranspiration, while the urbanization development has primarily changed the relative flux partitioning and connectivity pattern in the catchment. The relative contribution of overland flow to annual and seasonal runoff has increased, keeping the absolute overland flow more or less intact, while the baseflow contribution to the stream network has decreased. Methodologically, the present simulation approach provides a relevant means for distinguishing main drivers of change in hydrological flux partitioning and connectivity under concurrent urbanization and climatic changes. © 2017 The Authors. Land Degradation & Development Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.     

A review of non-chemical weed control on hard surfaces

Weed control research to date has mainly focused on arable land, especially regarding herbicides, but also regarding non‐chemical methods. Some of these experiences can be applied to hard surface areas. However, weeds on hard surface areas cause problems that are different from those on arable land. Additionally, crop tolerance does not need to be considered when choosing an appropriate weed control method on these areas. The aim of this review is to describe current knowledge of weeds and weed control methods on hard surface areas and reveal potential ways of advancement. One of the shortcomings of non‐chemical weed control on hard surfaces thus far, is a lack of proper definition of efficiency of the weed control methods. To obtain effective control, more frequently repeated treatments are required than chemical weed management, thereby increasing the costs of labour and fuel. One way to reduce costs can be by adjusting the level of control to the required visual street quality. Weeds are adapted to the hard surface environment and may be less susceptible to certain control methods. This review indicates that for efficient weed control on hard surfaces there is a need for combining weed control techniques, applying sensors for detecting weeds, adapting the energy dose to type of weed flora and prevention of weeds by improved construction of new surfaces.     

不同文明背景下城乡居民收入、消费差异比较研究——以酒泉、嘉峪关市为例

本文通过利用2000-2004年城乡居民收入和消费的统计资料,对酒泉市与嘉峪关市这两市的城乡居民收入结构、变化趋势和消费结构、变化趋势进行了对比分析。结果表明:①城乡居民收入差额逐步扩大,但发散和收敛的状况不一致,两地相比,嘉峪关市表现出更明显的收敛性,而肃州区则仍然有较强的发散性;城乡居民收入构成各异,依赖性存在较大的差别;②城乡居民生活消费支出比逐步扩大,其发散和收敛的状况与居民收入变化趋势形成反差,嘉峪关市表现出更大的发散性。究其原因:①城市发育的基础和职能不同;②城市经济结构和就业结构不同。     

浅谈林业生产中的造林及抚育技术

在林业生产的过程中,采用正确、合理的造林技术和抚育技术,能够提高造林成活率,确保林木健康生长,并在短时间内构建完善的林分结构。而科学的抚育管理,又能进一步挖掘林业发展潜力,提升林地质量和产量,为林业发展创造更多的空间。同时做好造林和森林抚育工作,能够有效地促进林业科学发展,更好地应对全球气候变化的挑战。     

厦门市忠仑公园药用植物园规划设计初步探析

随着景观改造的多样性,药用植物园也成为城市园林营造景观的一种方式。厦门市忠仑公园集科普、教育、观赏功能为一体,药用植物园区景观改造以人为本,以科普教育为宗旨,在保证药用植物景观的基本功能的前提下,塑造优美的景观,既能弘扬中华民族药用文化知识,又能为周边居民提供一个互动学习科普知识、修养身心的场所。     

北方地区林业病虫害防治探究

我国的林业技术在几十年的探索与研究中取得了较大发展,但病虫害对林业的保持和发展危害巨大,北方地区作为林业发展的重要区域,应认识到病虫害的危害,并明确其发生特点,探究加强防治的有效措施,以减少病虫害对北方地区林业发展的影响。