烘箱加热法测定橡胶树不同器官有机碳含量

用烘箱加热法、油浴法、沸水浴法测定橡胶树不同器官的有机碳含量。烘箱加热法与油浴法的测定结果差异不大,相对偏差为0.05%～1.98%,平均为0.78%,相关系数r为0.904 3,有很强的线性相关性;烘箱加热法与沸水浴法的试验结果相近,相对偏差为0.12%～1.31%,平均为0.88%,相关系数r为0.842 5,达极显著水平。试验结果表明：用烘箱加热法代替常规的油浴法或沸水浴法,具有准确性高,重现性好,快速,结果稳定的优势。此法操作简便,快速,适用于批量样品的分析。     

安塞县水土保持型生态农业建设探索

简述了水土保持型生态农业的概念和其建设原则。安塞县水土保持型生态农业应以水土保持为前提，以乡土树种为主，适地适树，适地适林，搞好植被建设；加强梯田、淤地坝建设，扩大杂粮生产，实现粮食自给。同时应加强果园建设与管护，加强畜牧建设，稳定设施蔬菜栽培面积，建立商品性果树、畜牧和设施蔬菜产业。     

异速模型评估森林植被生物量有机碳储量

在孟加拉的吉大港南部森林地区,利用异速模型评估森林植被的有机碳的储量.异速模型被分别应用测试树木(被划分两个胸高直径级)、灌木和草本植物.采用基部面积估算胸高直径级为从> 5 cm 到 ≤ 15 cm 和> 15 cm树木的生物量有机碳储量模型最好,分别有很高的决定系数(胸高直径级> 5 cm 到 ≤ 15 cm 的r2 为0.73697,胸高直径级> 15 cm 的r2为0.87703),且回归系数(P = 0.000)显著.其它模型(包括采用树高,胸高直径,树高和胸高直径,以及综合树高、胸高直径和木材密度)的线性和对数关系都表现出很低的决定系数.分别建立了20种优势树种的异速模型,采用树木基部面积的模型都得到很高的决定系数值.单独采用灌木和草本植物总生物量的异速模型有较高的决定系数(灌木的r2 为0.87948,草本植物的r2 为0.87325),且回归(系数)性显著(P = 0.000).生物量有机碳的评估是复杂的和耗时的研究,本研究所建立的异速模型可以应用于孟加拉和其它热带(地区)国家的森林植被的有机碳储量的测算.     

植物的离子吸收动力学研究的现状和前景(综述)

本文以文献及作者在果树上的研究为基础,对植物离子吸收动力学的基本概念、研究方法、影响动力学参数的主要因素和在果树营养研究中的应用,以及离子吸收动力学的意义和发展前景进行了述评。     

Growing situation of afforested trees and damage to lower-story trees caused by felling in multi-storied forest management in Peninsular Malaysia

The growing condition of afforestation trees and damage to lower-story trees caused by felling and hauling of upper-story trees in a multi-storied forest in Peninsular Malaysia was surveyed. Seventy months have passed since the planting ofAcacia mangium upperstory trees, which have grown 233 m³/ha in volume. The growth ofShorea leprosula thirty-five months after planting of lower-story trees have reached 5.54 m in height. However, as the ratio of height to basal diameter exceeds 100:1, trees are tapering to a considerable degree. A backhoe was installed in order to fell the upper-story trees. From the results of logging, the damage ratio estimation of the lower-story trees was simulated by using the Monte Carlo method. The damage ratio differed considerably depending on planting patterns, height of upper-story trees and felling skills. The results of this survey proved that the felling and hauling of upper-story trees would be technically feasible in the future, except when one row upper-story trees and one row lower-story trees method were employed.     

不同间作物对茶树新梢营养元素的影响

[目的]研究不同林茶间作模式下间作物对茶树新梢营养元素的影响,为茶叶品质的改善和提高提供参考依据.[方法]以单作茶园的一芽二叶茶叶新梢蒸青样为对照,不同间作茶园的一芽二叶茶叶新梢蒸青样为材料,对其营养元素含量进行测定.[结果]3种林茶间作模式中的茶叶新梢N、P、K、Ca、Mg、S、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Mo等元素含量与单作茶园相比均有一定的变化,但变化趋势和大小不一致.在3种林茶间作模式中茶叶新梢均增加的元素是K、Ca、Mg、Fe,减少的元素是P、Mn.[结论]3种间作模式增强了茶树新梢对营养元素的吸收,提高了茶叶品质.     

Effects of Phosphorus Fertilization,Seed Source,and Soil Type on Growth of Acacia koa

ABSTRACT

The endemic tree Acacia koa is used to reforest abandoned agricultural lands in Hawaii. Growth may be constrained by soil infertility and toxic concentrations of aluminum (Al) and manganese (Mn) in acidic Oxisols and Ultisols. The effects of phosphorus (P) fertilization at time of planting, soil type, and seed source on koa growth were studied for three years. Phosphorus, applied as triple superphosphate and at rates of at least 300 kg P ha^?1, significantly increased height, basal stem diameter, crown volume, and aboveground wood biomass of trees from the local (Oahu) seed source, but not those from off island (Hawaii). Manganese toxicity in the Oxisol probably slowed growth of the off-site trees. The local seed source grew similarly in both soil types, but the survival rate was lower in the Ultisol, possibly due to its lower water-holding capacity. Increased growth due to fertilization suggested improved P status, but such improvement was not detected by foliar analysis.     

甜菜西方黄化病毒两个山东辣椒分离物全基因组扩增及序列分析

 通过RACE和RT-PCR技术相结合的方法,在山东省潍坊市和济宁市辣椒上克隆出2个甜菜西方黄化病毒(beet western yellows virus,BWYV)的全基因组序列,基因组全长均为5 699 nt。与GenBank比对发现,2个分离物的5′UTR(Untranslated region,UTR)变异程度小、相对比较保守,而3′UTR变异程度大、为突变热点区域。潍坊、济宁两地分离物与GenBank中该病毒的全基因组序列相似度平均值分别为89.89%和89.72%。系统进化树分析发现BWYV亚洲地区的分离物聚类在3个不同的组别,本研究克隆的2个山东分离物和3个日本分离物(LC428355、LC428356、LC428357)、2个韩国分离物(LC198684、KM076647)聚在一组,而美国分离物与法国分离物聚在其他分支,表明该病毒的进化存在地理相关性。这是首次对BWYV中国辣椒分离物的全基因组序列克隆,丰富了BWYV的序列信息,有助于进一步了解该病毒种群的遗传进化关系。     

京珠高速公路从化段生态景观林13个乡土阔叶树种生长表现初探

在京珠高速公路从化段两侧生态景观林改造套种中,对2003年乡土树种造林中的枫香等6个主要造林树种进行生长分析,结果表明:各树种间高生长存在显著差异,黎蒴林木生长较好,红锥、黄樟、枫香、木荷、山杜英较差;对蓝花楹等7个伴生树种的生长分析结果表明:各树种间高生长存在着明显差异,蓝花楹生长较好,凤凰木、米老排、火力楠次之,红花油茶、大叶紫薇、大头茶较差。乡土树种与速生树种间种中的黎蒴等4个造林树种的高生长分析结果表明:黎蒴、黄樟、木荷、大头茶与卷荚相思间种的高生长明显优于与尾叶桉间种。     

商洛市核桃低产幼树高接换优技术

通过对商洛市核桃低产实生幼树采取薄膜包扎、报纸遮荫插皮舌接或装土保湿插皮舌接技术方法的示范和推广,总结出了适合商洛市核桃低产幼树高接换优技术措施,并在生产中广泛推广应用。