信息技术对海南热带农业发展的影响

以发展海南热带农业的重要性为出发点，结合热带农业在生产过程中的信息内容，着重分析信息技术在海南农业上的应用动力，海南热带农业发展过程中对信息的需求，阐述海南农业信息技术发展的现状及发展趋势。     

海南热带雨林森林旅游发展探讨

海南是“天然氧吧”和“森林浴”最理想、最优越的生态场所,开展热带雨林森林旅游具有得天独厚的条件.分析海南发展热带雨林森林旅游的优势与条件、海南热带雨林森林旅游存在的问题,最后探讨海南热带雨林森林旅游发展对策.     

Nutrient and trace element concentrations influence greenhouse gas emissions from Malaysian tropical peatlands

Tropical peatlands are unique and globally important ecosystems for carbon storage that are generally considered nutrient poor. However, different nutrient and trace element concentrations in these complex ecosystems and their interactions with carbon emissions are largely unknown. The objective of this research was to explore the concentrations of macro‐ and micronutrients and othertrace elements in surface peats, and their relationship with greenhouse gas emissions in North Selangor peatlands subjected to different land use. All nutrient and trace element concentrations except chromium exhibited significant differences between sites. Most macronutrients and some micronutrients showed significant differences between seasons, typically with a reduction over time from wet to dry seasons, possibly due to leaching. CO₂ emissions were positively related to organic matter content and manganese concentrations and negatively correlated with selenium. CH₄ emissions were positively correlated with organic matter content, manganese, copper, barium, cobalt and aluminium, and negatively correlated with molybdenum, selenium, lithium and vanadium. This research has detected loss of essential nutrients over time, aiding to increase nutrient limitation in tropical peatlands due to drainage. The observed significant correlation between trace elements and greenhouse gas emissions strengthens the importance of including trace element analyses in understanding the biogeochemical functions of these understudied peatlands.     

甜菜“南苗北植”的生产效应

针对冀西北高原区气候寒冷多风、早春温度极不稳定、甜菜育苗晚、秧苗质量差、移栽甜菜产量和含糖量低等问题,利用冀中平原区丰富的热量资源进行甜菜异地育苗,而后移栽坝上生产的“南苗北植”方式,与当地育苗的甜菜进行比较,探讨南苗北植技术对甜菜生长、养分积累、产量和品质的影响。结果表明,南苗北植甜菜在绿叶叶片数、叶面积指数、根径、产量和产糖量比当地育苗甜菜分别增加了55.6%~75.0%、29.1%~44.2%、9.6%~10.8%、17.1%~19.2%和19.2%~24.0%,效果显著,呈现南苗大于北苗、早栽大于晚栽特征。南苗北植甜菜的氮、磷、钾养分生物学效率高于北苗。“南苗北植”提高了甜菜在冀西北寒旱区的品质与生产力;北苗南育成为甜菜秧苗产业化与规模化生产的首选技术。     

加强热作线虫学研究 促进热作产业健康发展

植物线虫是危害热带作物生产的一大重要植物病原。由于适宜热带气候和土壤条件，热作线虫病害具有种类丰富、繁殖世代多和群体大的特点，掌握热作线虫发生规律，控制热作线虫病害发生对保障热作顺利生产必不可少。概述了热带作物线虫病害危害情况、热带作物线虫学研究及服务三农现状，提出提升热带作物线虫学研究水平及服务三农的策略。     

我国花境植物种类选择研究现状与趋势

对近10年国内发展较快的省市花的境植物种类选择和适应性调查的结果进行分析、讨论,提出了国内花境植物种类选择的发展趋势。     

Consequences of forest conversion to pasture and fallow on soil microbial biomass and activity in the eastern Amazon

The main change in soil use in Amazonia is, after slash and burn deforestation followed by annual crops, the establishment of pastures. This conversion of forest to pasture induces changes in the carbon cycle, modifies soil organic matter content and quality and affects biological activity responsible for numerous biochemical and biological processes essential to ecosystem functioning. The aim of this study was to assess changes in microbial biomass and activity in fallow and pasture soils after forest clearing. The study was performed in smallholder settlements of eastern Brazilian Amazonia. Soil samples from depths of 0–2, 2–5 and 5–10 cm were gathered in native forest, fallow land 8–10 yr old and pastures with ages of 1–2, 5–7 and 10–12 yr. Once fallow began, soil microbial biomass and its activity showed little change. In contrast, conversion to pasture modified soil microbial functioning significantly. Microbial biomass and its basal respiration decreased markedly after pasture establishment and continued to decrease with pasture age. The increase in metabolic quotient in the first years of pasture indicated a disturbance in soil functioning. Our study confirms that microbial biomass is a sensitive indicator of soil disturbance caused by land‐use change.     

西双版纳自然保护区玫烟色棒束孢分布的时空动态及寄主多样性

为明确西双版纳自然保护区虫生玫烟色棒束孢的时空动态及寄主多样性，以期为玫烟色棒束孢的开发利用提供理论依据和材料。本研究于2017年7月—2018年9月，对西双版纳自然保护区石灰岩山季雨林、热带季雨林、季风常绿阔叶林、热带丛生竹林、暖热性针叶林5种生境中玫烟色棒束孢的发生季节、生境分布和寄主进行了调查研究，采用形态学和ITS序列对菌株进行种类鉴定。结果表明，在西双版纳自然保护区共采集玫烟色棒束孢674株。从时间动态来看，玫烟色棒束孢于当年10月至次年4月为发生流行期，12月或次年1月为发生高峰期。从空间分布来看，玫烟色棒束孢主要分布于热带丛生竹林和石灰岩山地雨林的低、高和中海拔地带，分别采集到150和133、118、104株，相对丰度分别为22.3%、19.7%、17.5%和15.4%；热带季雨林和季风性常绿阔叶林中相对较少，分别采集到77和73株，相对丰度分别为11.4%和10.8%；暖热性针叶林生境仅采集到19株，相对丰度为2.8%。从海拔分布来看，石灰岩山季雨林生境中，玫烟色棒束孢在高、中、低海拔生境中分布的差异不明显，低海拔生境中菌株数量略高于中海拔和高海拔生境。玫烟色棒束孢的寄主节肢动物有2纲12目，包括昆虫纲11目，蛛形纲1目，其中优势寄主为鳞翅目和膜翅目，其相对丰度分别为40.4%和36.4%。该研究为玫烟色棒束孢生物多样性研究提供了重要内容，也为害虫生防高毒力玫烟色棒束孢菌株筛选提供材料。     

基于建设海南国际旅游岛视角下的热带休闲农业发展研究

通过对海南热带休闲农业发展的背景分析,认为大力发展海南热带休闲农业是实现农村劳动力转移就业和农民持续增收,促进农村经济发展的新兴产业,是城乡统筹背景下新农村建设的有效途径。提出发展海南热带休闲农业的宗旨——“支持农业、服务旅游、改善民生、发展经济”。对发展海南热带农业进程中的性质、地位、布局、人员、创新模式等问题进行进一步分析,对发展热带休闲农业的动力机制进行识别,对发展海南热带农业进程中的主要问题和动力机制与活力激发问题给出一些对策和建议。     

论大学边界效应与周边城市空间可持续发展——以云南农业大学校园规划为例

现代大学的职能已不再是单纯的文教区,而是作为提高城市核心竞争力和可持续发展的重要动力之一。本文试图以云南农业大学边界效应与周边城市空间的发展为例,从规划层面探讨大学与城市空间可持续发展的途径：校园内部功能调整、校园周边城市规划调整。