基因重组猪生长激素对不同杂交肥育猪组织中IGF-ImRNA和IGF-I影响的研究

选用长雅和长约去势公猪各12头 ,按2×2因子设计 ,每头每天分别注射基因重组猪生长激素4mg或0mg28天 ,测定生长激素对组织中IGF -ImRNA和IGF -I的影响。结果表明 ,基因重组猪生长激素分别提高长雅和长约去势公猪血浆和半腱肌中IGF -ImRNA含量53.38 %～97.50 %和40.47 %～106.79 % ;分别提高血浆和半腱肌中IGF -I含量44.21 %～72.04 %和56.03 %～58.32 %。血浆与肌肉中IGF -ImRNA、IGF -I具有显著的正相关关系。外源生长激素对肌肉中IGF -ImRNA和IGF -I的影响 ,具有显著的杂交类型效应     

The effects of grazing and supplemental protein concentrations during the grazing period on subsequent finishing performance and carcass quality in Japanese Black cattle steers

The effects of grazing and supplemental protein concentrations, provided during the grazing period, on subsequent finishing performance and carcass quality were investigated. This experiment was carried out using 15 Japanese Black cattle (Wagyu) steers. The steers were fed as follows: (i) grazing supplemented with moderate protein concentrate (GMP) (18% crude protein (CP); dry matter (DM) basis) before finishing, followed by feeding in a barn until slaughter; (ii) grazing supplemented with low protein concentrate (GLP) (14% CP; DM basis) before finishing, followed by feeding in the barn until slaughter; and (iii) no grazing before finishing (NG). From the end of the grazing season to the end of the growing period, the GMP and GLP steers were managed in the same way as the NG steers. All of the animals were fed the same diet in the finishing period (9 months to 28 months). None of the three treatments affected the average daily gains. For all treatments, chilled carcass weights were more than 450 kg and did not differ significantly among the groups. The longissimus muscle areas in the grazed steers were numerically larger than in those receiving the NG treatment. Fat thickness was significantly greater (P < 0.05) in the NG steers than in the grazed steers. The intramuscular fat and marbling scores were not affected in the grazed steers. In conclusion, the carcass quality of grazed steers was similar to that of the NG steers at a similar final age, and the quantity of meat in the NG steers would be less than that of the GMP and GLP steers. Therefore, spring‐born Wagyu steers should be grazed using the GLP supplement before fattening.     

不同磷源对育肥猪生长性能、血清指标、骨骼钙和磷代谢以及肠道微生物的影响

本试验旨在研究不同磷源对育肥猪生长性能、血清指标、骨骼钙和磷代谢以及肠道微生物的影响.试验选用640头健康的、遗传背景一致、初始体重为(63.10±2.32)kg的"杜×长×大"三元杂交猪,随机分为5个组,每组8个重复,每个重复16头(公母各占1/2).对照组饲喂基础饲粮,磷源为磷酸氢钙(DCP);试验1组磷源为磷酸一...     

"南参畜宝"对育肥猪血清9种酶活性及LD同工酶酶谱的影响

选取临床健康、体重15 kg±1 kg的杜长大三元杂交猪150头,随机分成3组,每组50头,其中Ⅰ组饲喂基础日粮 0.8%南参畜宝,Ⅱ组饲喂基础日粮 0.5%南参畜宝,Ⅲ组为对照组,只饲喂基础日粮。试验结束后,空腹耳静脉采血,分离血清,测定血清中9种血清酶的活性,并进行乳酸脱氢酶(LD)同工酶电泳分离鉴定。结果表明,Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组CHE活性显著低于Ⅲ组(P<0.05),其他各种血清酶活性差异均不显著(P>0.05);LD同工酶各条酶带相对迁移率Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组与Ⅲ组差异均极显著(P<0.01)。     

Clenbuterol对肥育猪作用效果的研究

７０头“社长大”肥育猪始重（５８±ｌ．０）ｋｇ，按饲养试验要求分成５组，饲喂Ｃｌｅｎｂｕｔｅｒｏｌ含量（ｍｇ／ｋｇ）分别为５，１０，１５，２０的饲粮至猪体重９０ｋｇ左右时结束。结果表明：①饲粮中添加Ｃｌｅｎｂｕｔｅｒｏｌ能提高日增重、降低料重比。其中以１５ｍｇ／ｋｇ组效果最佳，日增重提高１５％（Ｐ＜０．０２），料重比下降１０％；②不同添加量的Ｃｌｅｎｂｕｔｅｒｏｌ均提高了猪胴体瘦肉率。其中１５ｍｇ／ｋｇ组瘦肉率升高５％（Ｐ＜０．０５），胴体脂肪比率则降低１５％（Ｐ＜０．０５），而且Ｃｌｅｎｂｕｔｅｒｏｌ对猪胴体组成的。影响存在部位间的差异，对前躯作用最明显；③提高瘦肉率的同时，Ｃｌｅｎｂｕｔｅｒｏｌ还使眼肌中的营养组成发生变化，蛋白质含量升高４．５％（Ｐ＜０．０５），脂肪含量降低３０％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。     

观赏植物陶粒基质无土栽培系列化技术

１９９６年１月至１９９９年１０月，以木本、草本和观叶、观花８０余种观赏植物为材料，以轻质陶粒为基质，以具有透明标尺的套盆为容器，设计出盆花无土陶粒培槽栽系统的生产性设施栽培系统，将盆花无土陶粒培的产业化发展提供依据。     

现代温室光环境特征的研究

利用玻璃温室的气象资料和对温室内外PAR的测定,系统比较研究了温室内外光环境的特征.结果表明,上海地区冬春季节(11月～3月),温室外太阳辐射相对不足,PAR低,且经常出现连阴情况.温室内的PAR与温室外太阳辐射呈同步变化,且二者间呈极显著线性关系(r=0.972* *),晴天温室内外PAR较阴雨天高.实验温室的平均透光率为50.6%.还对温室覆盖材料透光率下降的主要原因与提高措施进行了讨论.     

天然植物提取物对肥育猪生长性能和生长激素相关指标的影响

于肥育猪日粮中添加300 mg/kg天然植物提取物,可明显加速猪的生长,改善胴体组成,并显著提高其血清内源性生长激素(GH)和类胰岛素生长因子-I(IGF-I)的水平.分析表明,天然植物提取物引起的内源性GH变化与猪的生长性能、胴体组成及血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶和碱性磷酸酶活性呈现极显著相关性(P<0.01),IGF-I与上述指标亦呈现相似的相关性.可见,通过添加天然植物提取物可以提高血清中内源性GH的水平,从而促进了猪生长,改善胴体组成.     

鲁烟白猪与杜洛克、大约克杂交商品猪的肥育性能及肉品质研究

研究测定鲁烟白猪与杜洛克、大约克杂交商品猪的生长肥育性能、胴体品质和肉质特性.结果表明:生长性能以杜洛克×鲁烟白猪组合较高,与大约克×鲁烟白猪组合相比,平均日增重提高13.24%(P<0.05),料重比降低6.71%.2个组合的肥育猪胴体性能和肉质性状差异不明显.其中,杜×鲁烟组合的胴体直长、眼肌面积、瘦肉率、肉色、大理石纹评分和肌内脂肪较高,分别比大×鲁烟组合提高1.81%、15%、1.07%、6.85% 、18.46%和178.57%;背膘厚较薄、失水率和滴水损失较低,分别比大×鲁烟降低14.35%、70.51%和63.70%.背最长肌17种氨基酸含量组合间差异不显著.氨基酸总量、鲜味氨基酸含量、必需氨基酸含量和必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的比例都以大×鲁烟较高,分别比杜×鲁烟组合提高10.03%、9.89%、21.48%和9.38%.4种脂肪酸含量组合间差异显著.其中,棕榈酸、硬脂酸和油酸含量都以杜×鲁烟组合较高,分别比大×鲁烟组提高8.90%(P>0.05)、8.37%(P>0.05)和18.64%(P<0.05);亚油酸以大×鲁烟较高为15.05%,比杜×鲁烟组合提高88.125%(P>0.05).     

莆田黑猪的肥育性能和胴体肉质性状研究

对27头莆田黑猪纯种猪,进行了肥育性能、胴体品质和肉质性状的测定,并对有关性状进行了相关性分析。结果表明,莆田黑猪肥育期(24.06~89.19 kg)日增重为434.22 g,料肉比为4.07∶1。肥育期结束后的屠宰测定结果表明,屠宰率为73.32%,胴体瘦肉率为41.79%,眼肌面积为19.43 cm2,6~7肋间膘厚和皮厚分别为5.55 cm和0.51 cm;肉质性状的分析表明,肉色为3.23,大理石纹为3.25,pH1为6.29,pH24为5.85,熟肉率为60.68%,失水率为20.72%,滴水损失为2.83%,嫩度剪切力为26.6 N,肌内脂肪含量为4.43%。且活重与胴体性状,以及胴体性状之间存在不同程度的相关。莆田黑猪整体表现出优良的猪肉品质和生长速度较慢、饲料转化率较低等特点。