低温氮气油雾对陶瓷刀具加工镍基K424合金的影响

在于切削、低温氮气和低温氮气油雾3种冷却润滑条件下,通过Sialon陶瓷刀具和SiC晶须增韧Al2O3陶瓷刀具车削K424镍基高温合金的实验,研究了低温氮气及油雾对刀具磨损和表面粗糙度的影响,开发了一个新的冷却系统以获得低温氮气.试验结果表明,切深线沟槽磨损严重限制陶瓷刀具使用寿命,与干切削相比,使用低温氮气和低温氮气油雾增加了切深线沟槽磨损速率,但降低了已加工表面的质量.     

纵向刨切生产薄木中刀具与产品质量的关系

本文探讨了纵向刨切机生产薄木过程中刀具的材料、形状及刀具与压尺的相对位置等因素对产品质量的影响。     

Effect of pyrethroids on carbohydrate metabolic pathways in common carp,Cyprinus carpio

The activity levels of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) were assessed in various tissues of Cyprinus carpio var communis which had been exposed to lethal concentrations of group‐II pyrethroids (deltamethrin, cypermethrin, fenvalerate and fluvalinate) for a period of 72 h. The results indicated a steady decrease in SDH activity with a concomitant increase in G6PD activity. The decreased SDH activity indicated inhibition of SDH at mitochondrial level and the increased G6PD activity an enhancement of an alternative pathway of carbohydrate metabolism, viz the hexose monophosphate shunt (HMP) or pentose phosphate pathway as a biochemical adaptation to overcome the toxic stress. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry     

Screening Capsicum species of different origins for high temperature tolerance by in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube length

Successful fruit set depends on several reproductive processes including pollen germination and tube growth processes. An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of temperature on pollen germination characteristics and to identify species/genotypic differences in Capsicum using the cumulative temperature response index (CTRI) concept. Pollen was collected from plants of seven genotypes from five Capsicum species, adapted to various parts of the world and grown outdoors in large pots. The pollen was subjected to in vitro temperatures ranging from 15 to 50 °C at 5 °C intervals. Pollen germination and tube lengths were recorded for all species after 24 h of incubation at the respective treatments. Species/genotypes differed significantly for in vitro pollen germination percentage and pollen tube length with mean values of 78% and 734 μm, respectively. The mean cardinal temperatures (T_min, T_opt, and T_max) averaged over genotypes, were 15.2, 30.7, and 41.8 °C for pollen germination and 12.2, 31.2, and 40.4 °C for pollen tube growth. The CTRI of each species/genotype calculated as the sum of eight relative individual stress response values, such as maximum pollen germination, maximum pollen tube length; T_min, T_opt, and T_max temperatures of pollen germination, and pollen tube lengths, identified species tolerance to high temperatures. Capsicum annum cv. Mex Serrano from Mexico was identified as tolerant, C. chacoense cv. 1312 and C. spp. cv. Cobanero from Argentina and Guatemala, respectively as intermediate and C. frutescens cv. Early Spring Giant from China, C. annum cv. Long Green from South Korea, C. spp. cv. NM89C130 and C. pubescens cv. 90002 from Guatemala as sensitive to high temperatures. The tolerant species/genotypes can be used in breeding programs to develop new genotypes that can withstand high temperature conditions both in the present climate and particularly in a future warmer climate.     

Using indicators to assess the environmental impacts of wine growing activity: The INDIGO® method

Environmental assessment methods are needed by agronomists working on the enhancement of cropping systems to meet the demand for more sustainable farming practices. A growing number of operational methods based on a set of indicators have been designed, more for arable crops and livestock than for perennial crops like viticulture. Among them, the INDIGO^® method, originally developed for arable crops, offers a compromise between feasibility and predictive quality. Here we present a modified and expanded version of INDIGO^® for viticulture. The development of new indicators specific to viticulture and the adaptation of existing ones followed a five step approach: (i) preliminary definition of the objectives and identification of the end-users, (ii) construction of the indicator, (iii) selection of a reference value, (iv) sensitivity analysis and (v) validation. Stakeholders from professional institutions and winegrower organizations were closely associated with step (i) to define the framework and step (ii) to supply technical databases. We designed INDIGO^® indicators with all available scientific and expert knowledge which was aggregated into expert systems associating fuzzy subsets or, when possible, quantitative equations.Four indicators; pesticides, nitrogen, energy and soil organic matter, were directly adapted from the initial INDIGO^® method, whereas soil cover and frost protection management were new indicators. Potentialities of their use are highlighted by examples of implementation on different scales and for various purposes.     

试论金属切削刀具涂层

本文简要介绍了现代金属切削刀具的重涂技术的产生、技术特点及应用。     

CTM系列汽车拖拉机综合测试仪在汽车滑行阻力系数测定中的应用

介绍了汽车滑行阻力系数的测定方法,理论分析和试验结果均表明:应用CTM系列汽车拖拉机综合测试仪,在测定汽车滑行距离的同时,测定汽车滑行阻力系数的方法简便、可靠。     

利用天津农业科技信息网获取农业信息

介绍了天津农业科技信息网的远程终端用户拨入设置方法,并对如何利用天津农业科技信息网进行信息的查询、检索进行阐述,较详细地介绍了几种在因特网上检索信息资料的方法,同时,列出了一些常用的检索工具和农业方面的网址。     

刀具的可靠性及其分析

讨论了刀具寿命的失效机理，为提高刀具的可靠性提供理论依据。     

多工序组合弯曲模的设计

通过对细长类零件的工艺性分析，讨论了多工序组合安排的问题，进行了多工序弯曲模的分析与设计。