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91.
Makoto ANDO 《中国林学(英文版)》2012,14(2):85-91
We studied the impact of stand density and forest floor humus removal on regeneration of Pinus densiflora in a mixed conifer and broad-leaved forest on the Daimonji-Yama Mountain,Kyoto,Japan.Three levels of stand density were set,i.e.,a clear-cut site,a heavily thinned site and a lightly thinned site.In each density treatment,comparisons were carried out between humus removal (A 0 -free)and humus intact(A 0 -intact)subplots.We counted the emergence of sown pine seeds and measured survival and growth of pine seedlings over the next four years.In addition,light conditions and the recovery of understory were monitored.Results show that thinning intensity and humus removal promoted the establishment and growth of seedlings.One exception,however,was that seedling growth was minimal in the heavily thinned A 0 -intact subplots.This was due to a strong response of understory vegetation growth on the treatment combination,which hindered the pine seedling growth.Furthermore,we found that the canopy openness measured at 1.3-m height remained at least 35%for the heavily thinned site in 2008.The results suggest that the removal of the A 0 layer after heavy thinning is the most effective and labor-saving operation for P.densiflora regeneration. 相似文献
92.
佛坪保护区带状间伐后巴山木竹林营养状况差异研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对带状间伐后1a生竹和2a生竹的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、灰分、干物质在不同样方(对照样方、间伐样方)和不同部位(秆、枝、叶)差异分析,结论如下:1)带状间伐后,间伐样方的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、干物质和灰分在秆部高于对照样方,粗纤维则相反。2)带状间伐后,2a生竹和1a生竹相比,粗蛋白含量下降;粗脂肪和灰分在秆、枝部下降,在叶部增加;粗纤维在秆部基本相等,在枝部增加,在叶部下降,干物质含量在秆、枝和叶各部位增加。该研究结果为人工改造巴山木竹林质量和解释大熊猫取食行为提供了科学依据。 相似文献
93.
以峰度、偏度和变动系数为指标研究了辽东山区天然次生林直径株数分布特征。运用Johnson’s SB分布、Gamma分布、3参数和2参数Weibull分布等4种概率密度函数研究了辽东山区天然次生林直径株数分布规律,同时利用Kolmogorov-Smirnov(KS)检验法来检验4种概率分布的拟合效果,结果表明:林分直径的株数分布以Johnson’s SB分布拟合效果最好,Weibull分布(包括2参数和3参数)仅仅适合中度区和弱度区,但不是最好。所有的分布模型均通过了优势度检验,说明均适用于直径株数分布的拟合。 相似文献
94.
选择12和14地位指数的2种立地的林分,分别设置6种和5种保留密度,对间伐4年后的23年生马尾松天然次生林林下植物多样性进行研究。结果表明:马尾松天然次生林林下植物种数随着林分保留密度的增大,12和14地位指数的林分均表现为由逐渐增加至一个峰值后逐渐减少;适宜的保留密度有利于提高林下植物的多样性,12和14地位指数林分的植物多样性分别以保留密度130株/667 m2和100株/667 m2的样地为最优;随着林分密度与冠层郁闭度的增大,林下植物类型有由阳性植物为主向中性与荫性变化的趋势,而形成阳性、中性及荫性共存的多态性植物群落;适宜的保留密度有利于提高林下植物的生物量和植被总盖度,12和14地位指数林分的林下植物生物量和植被总盖度分别以保留密度130株/667 m2和90株/667 m2的样地为最佳;2种地位指数不同保留密度林分的林下枯落物自然风干重、枯落物层厚及腐殖质层厚差异均不显著,而林下地被物鲜重和植被总盖度则均表现为差异极显著。 相似文献
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We evaluated the effectiveness of four fire hazard mitigation techniques in piñon-juniper forests of the Davis Mountains Preserve in West Texas. Four replicate fuel treatments (thin only, thin + burn, burn only, and control) were implemented to assess the effects of fire and fire surrogates on fuel loadings. The results suggested that the thin only and the thin + burn treatments significantly altered fuel loadings. The thin + burn treatment resulted in a 63% reduction in tree density, the thin only treatment resulted in a 23% reduction, and the burn only treatment showed an 8% reduction. Seedling density and tree basal area were not significantly affected by the treatments. Although thinning and thinning + burning were the most effective for reducing live fuels, they generated significant increases in surface fuels. Our results suggest that more aggressive thinning operations that target larger trees and prescribed burning during hotter, drier conditions could enhance future fuel management treatments in piñon-juniper woodlands in this region. 相似文献
100.
《Wood material science & engineering》2013,8(1-2):1-11
Abstract Growing markets for chopped firewood have created alternative uses for the by-products of sawmills. Based on empirical data and simulated results, the potential of birch (Betula pendula Roth, Betula pubescens Ehrh.) from commercial thinnings for combined industrial production of sawn timber and firewood billets was investigated. In the simulations, different sawing patterns were used for logs intended to combine production of sawn timber and billets for chopped firewood (‘sawlogs’), and for logs intended only to firewood production (‘firewood logs’). Finally, economical feasibility analysis was done concerning the differences between the sawmills’ traditional business concept and the novel concept combining sawn wood and firewood production. The bucking results for the volume yield of different timber assortments varied only slightly between the different bucking options, i.e. the combinations of timber assortments. The main differences in the volumes of timber assortments were due to the stand type where the birch trees were sampled (planted, naturally regenerated, mixed birch–spruce). In the sawing procedure, the output of sawn timber varied between 24% and 42% of the log volume in the sawlogs, depending on the log diameter class. As the volume yield of sawn timber and firewood billets was counted together in the case of sawlogs, the log consumption was c. 1.75 m3 of roundwood per 1 m3 of sawn timber and firewood billets. In the case of the firewood logs, the log consumption rate was considerably lower, only c. 1.35. The economic calculations showed that using the firewood approach in sawing may increase the net added value of products by €1.9–5.4 m?3 of logs, depending on their diameter class. As a conclusion, parallel production of sawn timber and firewood from logs from the first and second commercial thinning of birch-dominated stands is a concept that could work as an alliance between a sawmiller and a firewood entrepreneur. The concept could be competitive compared with both traditional sawmilling and production of chopped firewood. 相似文献