千里光提取物冻干粉药代动力学研究-抗炎药理效应法

为了探索千里光提取物冻干粉(SsE)的药物代谢动力学特征,首次采用耳肿胀度抑制率药理效应法测定SsE药动学参数。结果发现,在一定剂量范围内给小鼠腹腔注射SsE,能较迅速地产生药理效应,使耳肿胀度抑制率显著提高;SsE最低有效量为57.40 mg/kg,在小鼠体内代谢符合一级反应一室模型,模型表达式为:C=1 436.227 e^(-0.133 4 t)-1436.227 e^(-0.237 t),表观药动学参数为:一级消除速率常数Ke=0.133 4 h-1,消除半衰期t1/2Ke=5.194 9 h,一级吸收速率常数Ka=0.237 h-1,吸收半衰期t1/2Ka=2.924 1 h,血药峰浓度Cmax=1 436.227 mg/kg,达峰时间tmax=5.547 4 h,清除率Cl=0.055 3mg/kg.h,药-时曲线下面积AUC=16 826.35 mg/kg.h,表观分布容积V=0.414 2 mg/kg,滞后期t0=0.010 4 h。表明SsE具有良好的抗炎作用,在小鼠体内起效快,消除慢,生物利用度高,在机体内分布有限,较集中于血浆,组织摄入少。     

用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测动物源性食品中头孢喹肟残留

建立了动物源性食品中头孢喹肟残留量检测的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法。样品经乙腈水溶液提取后,用C18固相萃取柱净化、浓缩。头孢喹肟残留量在10～500μg/L浓度范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9996。方法检测限为1 ng/g,定量限为5 ng/g。猪肌肉在5～100 ng/g空白添加浓度范围内平均回收率为57.7%～69.4%,RSD为6.68%～13.41%,猪肝在5～100 ng/g空白添加浓度范围内平均回收率为50.6%～58.6%,RSD为5.13%～12.42%,牛奶在5～40 ng/g空白添加浓度范围内中平均回收率为59.2%～65.3%,RSD为6.12%～13.26%。     

家蚕平附种母蛾微粒子病集团抽样检验方法改进研究

以超几何分布和二项分布为基本数学模型,综合现行家蚕母蛾微粒子病集团检验方法的优点,结合广西蚕种生产实际,以集团为单位,设计形成适合平附种的计数二次抽样检验方法。分别从理论和实际两个方面对新方案进行了比较分析。结果表明新方案解决了现行方法有毒集团与有毒蛾数不对等的问题,改进了农业行业标准散卯种方法过于严格,生产方风险过大的问题,改进了农业行业标准平附种方法过于宽松,使用方风险失控的问题,同时检验结果准确,检验工作量少,具有较高的准确性和较好的经济性。     

青海省贵南县以草定畜、草畜平衡试点及做法

通过对三年来贵南县以草定畜、草畜平衡试点工作开展情况的总结和分析,试点取得了显著效果。     

苏丹草种子半透层定位与透性研究

通过硝酸镧示踪、透射电镜观测和X射线能量色散分析等技术,对苏丹草种子半透层的位置和透性进行了研究.从解剖学角度证明了苏丹草种子存在半透层,该组织位于糊粉层内侧紧靠未分化细胞处,对水分通透性好,但阻挡电解质渗出和镧盐渗入.老化对种子膜系统有一定损伤,但对半透层并无显著影响.     

Dose requirement and cardiopulmonary effects of diluted and undiluted propofol for induction of anaesthesia in dogs

ObjectiveTo compare the dose, cardiopulmonary effects and quality of anaesthetic induction in dogs using propofol (10 mg mL^–1) and diluted propofol (5 mg mL^–1).Study designRandomized, blinded, clinical study.AnimalsA total of 28 client-owned dogs (12 males/16 females).MethodsFollowing intramuscular acepromazine (0.02 mg kg^–1) and methadone (0.2 mg kg^–1), propofol (UP, 10 mg mL^–1) or diluted propofol (DP, 5 mg mL^–1) was administered intravenously (0.2 mL kg^–1 minute^–1) by an anaesthetist unaware of the allocated group to achieve tracheal intubation. Sedation, intubation and induction quality were scored from 0 to 3. Pre- and post-induction pulse rate (PR), respiratory rate (f_R) and systolic (SAP), mean (MAP) and diastolic (DAP) arterial blood pressure were compared. Time to first breath and induction dose were recorded. Data were analysed for normality and Mann–Whitney U or Student t tests were performed where appropriate. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or median (range).ResultsThe propofol dose administered to achieve induction was lower in the DP group (2.62 ± 0.48 mg kg^–1) than in the UP group (3.48 ± 1.17 mg kg^–1) (p = 0.021). No difference was observed in pre- and post-induction PR, SAP, MAP, DAP and f_R between groups. The differences between post-induction and pre-induction values of these variables were also similar between groups. Time to first breath did not differ between groups. Sedation scores were similar between groups. Quality of tracheal intubation was marginally better with UP 0 (0–1) than with DP 1 (0–2) (p = 0.036), but overall quality of induction was similar between groups [UP 0 (0–1) and DP 0 (0–1), p = 0.549].Conclusion and clinical relevanceDiluting propofol reduced the dose to induce anaesthesia without significantly altering the cardiopulmonary variables.     

四个高羊茅品种在上海的引种适应性研究

研究了 4个品种的高羊茅在上海的引种适应性 ,并定期对其抗热性、绿度、密度、抗病性进行打分评定 ,结果表明 ,Houndog5和 Cochise品种较耐热 ,且对真菌病害抵抗力强 ,Cochise对锈病的抵抗力也强 ,但其颜色受气温影响大。     

哺乳类和鸟类动物隐孢子虫交叉感染试验研究

为了明确哺乳类和鸟类宿主隐孢子虫能否交叉感染，分别从鸡、兔、小白鼠、鸭、鹌鹑分离到隐孢子虫进行交叉感染。结果，从鸡分离的隐孢子虫卵囊能感染鸭、鹌鹑、麻雀，而不能感染鸽、大白鼠、小白鼠、兔，从鸭分离的卵囊能感染鸡，从兔、小白鼠分离的卵囊不能感染鸡、鹌鹑，从鹌鹑分离的卵囊不能感染兔、大白鼠、小白鼠和鸡。提示隐孢子虫在宿主纲水平上有宿主特异性。     

江河源区退化草地鼠害的治理研究

针对江河源区草场退化、高原鼠兔危害严重的状况,采用了翻耕、耙耱、撒播、轻耙、镇压等一系列治理措施.结果表明,这种以生态工程为主的治理措施,不仅使草场植被在短期内得到恢复,而且害鼠种群数量也得到了有效控制;同时,为防止鼠兔数量回升、减少扩散、播种牧草幼苗免遭啃食和挖掘破坏,在不同处理区又采取了以药物防治为辅的控制措施.在现场药效试验和大面积灭鼠中,0.075%敌鼠钠盐、0.1%C型肉毒杀鼠素和0.1%D型肉毒杀鼠素毒饵对鼠兔均具有良好灭效,且不污染环境,无二次中毒,对保护天敌、发挥生物控制危害具有一定意义.因此,在退化草场鼠害治理中,综合分析各组分之间的相互关系,有针对性地进行治理,才能收到良好效果,从而达到综合治理的目的.     

绢丝昆虫柳蚕的生物学特性和卵黄原蛋白鉴定

柳蚕 (ActiasseleneH櫣ｂｎｅｒ)是一种野生绢丝昆虫。通过室内饲养的方法 ,观察了柳蚕的生物学特性和卵孔的显微特征 ,在合肥地区的幼虫 4眠 5龄 ,二化性 ,蛹滞育 ,染色体n =31,全龄期达 4 0d以上。通过SDS PAGE和Westernblotting鉴定 ,柳蚕的卵黄原蛋白是由大小 2个亚基组成 ,分子量分别为 175kD和 4 5kD ,存在组织、时期、性别表达的差异性