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11.
高寒草甸斑块的根-土复合体对局部水土流失过程具有调控作用,为研究其特征及抗侵蚀效应,本研究选取三江源区达日县境内典型中度退化草甸的植被斑块为研究对象,调查草甸斑块中心与边缘植物群落特征,测定斑块边缘0~10 cm土层和斑块中心0~20 cm土层的容重、含水率、毛管孔隙度等土壤物理性质,并开展单根拉伸和根-土复合体直剪试验。结果表明:受优势种矮嵩草的分布影响,地上生物量主要分布在斑块中心,根系主要分布在0~10 cm土层;斑块中心区域土壤抗剪强度、内摩擦角和粘聚力均随土层深度的增加而减小;斑块边缘区域土壤粘聚力,抗剪强度明显高于斑块中心区域,草甸斑块植物根系是土壤抗剪强度的主要影响因素。草甸斑块根-土复合体能明显增加退化草甸土壤的抗侵蚀能力,研究结果可为深入研究高寒草甸根系固土功能及水土流失调控提供科学依据。 相似文献
12.
为了研究约束高强度Q460钢梁的抗火性能,在已有约束钢梁分析理论的基础上,引入残余应力,提出了约束钢梁的抗火性能分析方法,并采用普通强度约束钢梁试验数据对分析方法进行了验证。考虑高强度Q460钢材高温下力学性能参数,利用所提出的方法分析了约束高强度Q460钢梁的抗火性能,并与普通强度Q345钢梁进行了对比。对影响约束高强度Q460钢梁的抗火性能参数进行了分析,包括荷载比、残余应力、轴向约束刚度、转动约束刚度和受火方式等。研究表明:所提出的分析方法准确可靠,高强度Q460钢梁抗火性能与普通强度钢梁具有较大的区别,高强度Q460约束钢梁的抗火性能明显优于普通强度约束钢梁。荷载比、轴向约束刚度、转动约束刚度、受火方式对高强度Q460约束钢梁有较大影响。 相似文献
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气门弹簧是发动机配气机构的重要组件之一,气门弹簧是否符合技术要求是发动机能否正常工作的关键。对弹簧进行强度、刚度、抗疲劳强度以及模态分析,分别采用耦合式有限元分析法和夹板式有限元分析法对弹簧进行了对比分析,发现弹簧内侧为弹簧的易疲劳区,弹簧的强度、刚度、抗疲劳强度满足技术要求,没有共振现象。研究还表明,夹板式有限元分析法比耦合式准确。 相似文献
14.
《北京林业大学学报》2012,34(1)
以兴安落叶松锯材作为研究对象,研究了不同目测等级下锯材试材宽度与其顺纹抗拉强度之间的依存性。选取3种宽度尺寸的目测等级锯材,分成高、低目测等级组,按照相同的测试跨度测试锯材顺纹抗拉强度,并利用斜率法和形状参数法估计高、低目测等级试材顺纹抗拉强度5%分位值的宽度尺寸效应。结果表明:1)落叶松锯材宽度增加,其顺纹抗拉强度下降。2)落叶松高、低目测等级锯材顺纹抗拉强度5%分位值的宽度尺寸效应系数分别为0.29和0.33。3)可以通过形状参数法确定落叶松目测等级锯材的顺纹抗拉强度的宽度尺寸效应系数。 相似文献
15.
土壤颗粒分布的单多重分形及联合多重分形分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
It is noted that there has been little research to compare volume-based and number-based soil particle size distributions(PSDs).Our objectives were to characterize the scaling properties and the possible connections between volume-based and number-based PSDs by applying single and joint multifractal analysis.Twelve soil samples were taken from selected sites in Northwest China and their PSDs were analyzed using laser diffractometry.The results indicated that the volume-based PSDs of all 12 samples and the number-based PSDs of 4 samples had multifractal scalings for moment order -6 < q < 6.Some empirical relationships were identified between the extreme probability values,maximum probability(P max),minimum probability(P min),and P max /P min,and the multifractal indices,the difference and the ratio of generalized dimensions at q = 0 and 1(D 0 - D 1 and D 1 /D 0),maximum and minimum singularity strength(α max and α min) and their difference(α max - α min,spectrum width),and asymmetric index(R D).An increase in P max generally resulted in corresponding increases of D 0 -D 1,α max,α max -α min,and R D,which indicated that a large P max increased the multifractality of a distribution.Joint multifractal analysis showed that there was significant correlation between the scaling indices of volume-based and number-based PSDs.The multifractality indices indicated that for a given soil,the volume-based PSD was more homogeneous than the number-based PSD,and more likely to display monofractal rather than multifractal scaling. 相似文献
16.
王晚姬 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1992,19(4)
The present paper studies the applicability of composite concrete beams to building and bridge structures. The ultimate flexural and shearing strength, the flexural stiffness, and the width of cracks of a series of composite concrete beams are analysed an 相似文献
17.
18.
The effects of setting time, whey protein concentrate (WPC), and calcium chloride (CaCl2) on textural properties of silver carp surimi were investigated. Response surface methodology was used to evaluate and compare the effects of setting time (30–90 min), WPC (1–9% of protein ratio), and CaCl2 (1–59 mmol/kg) on the gel strength. Models for breaking force, breaking distance, and gel strength of surimi gel were established. The maximum gel strength was achieved at the setting time of 60 min, WPC and CaCl2 at 5% protein ratio, and 15–18 mmol/kg. CaCl2 was the most significant factor affecting the gel strength. 相似文献
19.
20.
ABSTRACT: Acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) have recently been used to estimate the dynamic characteristics and biomass of sound scattering layers (SSLs) or swimming speed of fish schools and to analyze SSL spatial distribution or various behavior patterns. This paper shows that it is necessary to verify mean volume backscattering strength (MVBS, dB) values acquired from each beam for quantitative analysis of the spatial distribution or the biomass estimates of such specific targets as SSL or a fish school when using an ADCP. In this study, the SSL was selected to be a homogeneous density layer over a large area and two methods were used to verify the MVBS values from each beam of the ADCP. First, a mutual comparison among four beams was conducted after calculating MVBS from the measured echo intensity. Second, the MVBS values were verified using comparison between the calculated MVBS from the 153.6 kHz ADCP and MVBS from three frequencies of a well-calibrated scientific echosounder. Moreover, the dominant scatterers (euphausiids) were collected by a framed midwater trawl. From these samples, biological data were used to identify the different frequency characteristics between two systems, using a distorted-wave Born approximation (DWBA) theoretical backscattering model in order to assess the averaged target strength and target strength TS differences for the three frequencies. 相似文献