近年来国内图书馆管理方法研究述评

本文对国内近年来图书馆管理的研究 ,给以介绍、总结和简要的评述。     

Effect of pollen storage by drying and deep-freezing on the expression of different agronomic traits in maize (Zea mays L.)

Summary Pollen from the inbred maize line HMv 1645 was used to study the effect of pollen treatments (drying and deep-freezing) on the phenotypic performance of the next generation. Fresh and artificially dried pollen samples with different water contents (56%, 18%, 13% and 10%) were used for sib pollinations immediately after collection or drying. Samples containing low amounts of water were then stored in liquid nitrogen for 7 days. Fertilization ability of the samples with 13% water was the highest after storage. Plant characteristics of the next generation originated from the seeds set by differently treated (fresh, dried to 13% water and deep-frozen) pollen were examined and statistically analysed. Pollen treatments due to the pollen storage procedure did not cause detectable changes in quantitative characters of the next generation.     

In vitro conservation of tropical plant germplasm — a review

Summary In vitro medium term conservation of tropical plant germplasm is used routinely in many laboratories. Growth reduction is achieved by modifying various parameters, such as temperature, culture medium, gaseous environment. For long term conservation, cryopreservation (i.e. storage in liquid nitrogen, –196°C) is the only current method available. Each successive step of the process requires precise conditions which have to be defined for each material. Cryopreservation protocols have been set up for more than 40 tropical species. Results obtained with various culture systems such as cell suspensions, protoplasts, calluses, meristems and embryos are discussed. The first example of the large scale application of cryopreservation (oil palm somatic embryos) is presented.     

Resistance in Cucumis sativus L. to Tetranychus urticae Koch. 2. Designing a reliable laboratory test for resistance based on aspects of the host-parasite relationship

Summary The relationship between the twospotted spider mite and cucumber has been studied on plants and on leaf disks of a number of varieties with different levels of resistance. Existing laboratory tests are critically discussed and it appears that they are only reliable if many factors are taken into account. A new, more efficient laboratory test for resistance, measuring acceptance and reproduction is described.     

THE CALCULATING TEMPERATURE OF THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS OF NATURAL VENTILATION FOR A COLD FRUIT STORAGE DBTERMINATION

The paper analyzes the thermal characteristics of a natural ventilation cold stor-age,It shows that the calculating temperature in or outside the room is mainly effected by atmo-spheric temperature and the calculating temperature for a cold storage. They are determined by thelocal meteorological parameters.     

高大平房仓储粮品质变化规律研究

高大平房仓由于跨度大、堆粮高，同品种及不同品种的储粮，在相同的储存条件下，不同部位的粮食，其储存品质存在差异。晚籼稻谷要优于粳稻谷，各部位的储粮品质由好到差依次为：中、东、北、西、南。测定结果对粮食轮换的年限及改善储粮技术提供了客观依据。     

玉米储存品质控制指标的研究

通过玉米脂肪酸值、品尝评分值、发芽率、色泽／气味、粗淀粉、过氧化氢酶活性、盐溶性物质浊度等玉米品质指标的检测分析来研究和探讨玉米储存品质与各项指标之间的关系，筛选出几个能反映储存玉米品质变化的敏感指标，并通过大量实仓扦取样品的检测结果对筛选出的敏感指标进行验证，最终确定玉米储存品质控制指标。研究结果表明：上述品质指标中，脂肪酸值、品尝评分值和色泽／气味可作为玉米储存品质控制指标。     

高大平房仓内环流熏蒸新技术初探

对高大平房仓膜下内环流熏蒸进行试验。由于内环流管网风道布置合理，熏蒸气体在高大粮堆中均匀分布，各部位PH3浓度快速达到有效浓度，解决了高大平房仓的熏蒸难题。文章对该技术的优点及有待解决的问题进行了讨论。     

冷藏库的管理

介绍了冷库的发展现状。根据冷库的特点,论述了冷库的管理方法,对我国冷库的设计与运行管理具有重要的意义。     

低温储粮在浅圆仓中的应用及探讨

综合利用冬季粮食入库时的自然低温，采用粮面覆盖密闭等手段控制粮堆温度和仓内温度，可使粮食在低温状态下安全储藏，且成本低廉。