拨辊推送式马铃薯清选分选机设计与试验

针对现有马铃薯清选分选机的薯土分离效果差、伤薯率较高、工作效率低等问题,设计了一种拨辊推送式马铃薯清选分选机。对该机器的工作机理进行了阐述,确定了清选装置、分选装置的结构参数,分析了马铃薯在清选分选过程中的力学特性。选取机组的转速、上料量、机组提升角度作为试验因素,伤薯率、分选清洁率为试验性能指标进行正交试验,并对试验结果进行显著性分析。结果表明,各因素对伤薯率影响的主次因素顺序为:机组提升角度、机组转速和上料量;对分选清洁率的影响主次因素顺序为:上料量、机组转速和机组提升角度。按照以马铃薯的伤薯率较低,兼顾分选清洁率较高的原则,确定较优组合,即机组转速为145 r/min,上料量为20 t/h,机组提升角度为12°,并对该参数组合进行了验证试验,结果表明,在该条件下机器伤薯率为0.773%,分选清洁率为95.42%,符合基本作业要求。     

基于深度学习的小浆果一体化智能采摘与分选研究进展

小浆果因具有较高的营养价值和保健作用深受人们喜爱,被国际市场誉为第3代水果。随着市场需求量的增加,林业小浆果的智能采摘与分选成为一种新的趋势。目前,由于现有技术自动化和智能化程度不高,导致大量人力、物力的投入。深度学习方法的飞速发展促进了检测技术的精确作业和检测精度的提高。文中概述了深度学习的发展进程,通过总结国内外关于深度学习方法在小浆果采摘与分选中的应用,提出深度学习方法在实际应用过程中存在的问题及解决措施,并展望深度学习方法在小浆果智能采摘与分选检测方面的发展趋势。     

基于NSGA-Ⅱ农业多水源复合系统多目标配置模型应用

基于多目标非支配排序遗传算法原理,建立佳木斯地区农业多水源灌溉系统多目标供水优化配置模型。运用非支配排序遗传算法求解,结果表明,模型可达到经济目标较大时环境目标较小效果。选取三个方案权衡分析经济和环境目标,高来水情景中方案一经济目标是88.88×10~8元,环境目标588.12×10~4kg,方案二分别是88.00×10~8元,580.55×10~4kg,方案三分别是85.56×10~8元,574.50×10~4kg。在三个不同最优解中,决策者可根据偏好或实际情况选择决策方案,为当地农业水资源规划提供依据。     

青岛梅园的建设及梅花品种的搜集与选育

在简介青岛梅园这一北方“新星”后，着重报道了其在建园中完成的两项科研成果，即①梅园快速规划设计与施工；②梅花品种的搜集、整理与新品种选育     

观赏竹盆景艺术创作研究

观赏竹盆景是盆景中的一朵奇葩。本文较为全面地阐述了观赏竹盆景的制作方法,包括竹种选择、前期培育、艺术创作和管理养护等。用观赏竹来制作盆景大大提高了竹子的附加值,拓宽了盆景选材范围,并且经济效益显著。     

民勤沙井子地区沙质荒漠化过程中植被群落物种多样性和排序研究

基于对民勤沙井子地区植被调查数据,研究了不同群落自然植被基本特征,结果表明:丰富度减小是物种多样性变化的主要原因,均匀度指数与多样性指数呈显著的正相关,丰富度指数和均匀度指数呈负相关,CCA和DCCA二维排序说明了植物群落与环境因子的关系,随着地下水位的下降,植被逐渐向强旱生方向演替。     

基于改进ResNeXt50残差网络的锦鲤选美方法

锦鲤选美的不同等级之间具有高相似度的特点,目前都是人工进行选美分级。为解决人工选美所存在的效率低、主观性强、成本高的问题,提出了一种基于迁移学习和改进ResNeXt50残差网络的锦鲤选美方法。本文首先构建了红白、大正、昭和3种锦鲤的选美等级数据集。其次,采用迁移学习策略提高训练速度,并从SE注意力模块、Hardswish激活函数和Ranger优化器3方面对ResNeXt50模型进行了改进,构建了SH-ResNeXt50锦鲤选美分级模型。试验结果表明：SH-ResNeXt50模型有效提升了锦鲤选美的等级分选能力,模型准确率达95.6%,损失值仅0.074,优于常用的AlexNet、GoogLeNet、ResNet50和ResNeXt50网络模型。最后,采用Grad-CAM分析SH-ResNeXt50模型的可解释性,结果表明SH-ResNeXt50模型和人工识别的感兴趣区域基本一致。本文所提出的方法实现了具有高相似度的锦鲤不同等级的智能分选,对其它具有高相似度的生物等级分选具有借鉴意义。     

Guidance of groups of guppies (Poecilia reticulata) to allow sorting by computer vision

Prior to marketing, ornamental tropical fish are currently sorted, graded and counted manually; a process that is labor intensive, stressful to fish and inaccurate. Manipulation of fish movements at our will is a key element in the development of a device for automatically sorting, grading and counting fish by a computer vision system, and the present study is one step towards the development of such a fish-friendly sorting device. The positive phototactic and rheotactic innate responses of guppies (Poecilia reticulata) were exploited to induce them to swim through transparent pipes or narrow channels, to render them ready for inspection by a computer vision system. Water flow direction and velocity, water level, and illumination were effective in inducing fish to move from one container into the other via a narrow transparent pipe. It was attempted to separate guppies moving in groups into individually spaced fish, by introducing an obstacle into a narrow channel or narrowing the transparent pipe.     

Selectivity of flexible size-sorting grid in Mediterranean multispecies trawl fishery

ABSTRACT:   The demersal multispecies trawl fishery in the western Mediterranean Sea has a poor selectivity; large numbers of juvenile fish are caught when using the legislated 40-mm diamond mesh cod end. The selectivity of a flexible sorting grid with 20-mm bar spacing (BS20) installed in front the conventional trawl cod end was investigated. The standard covered cod end method was used. Data was adequate for analyzing the selectivity of European hake Merluccius merluccius , poor cod Trisopterus minutus , greater forkbeard Phycis blennoides and Norway lobster Nephrops norvegicus . The selectivity of the 20-mm sorting grid was compared with the performance of 40-mm diamond (DM40) and square mesh (SM40) cod ends. The effect of a guiding funnel on the performance of the grid (BS20-f) was also explored. Finally, the potential changes in yield per recruit (Y/R) and biomass per recruit (B/R) after implementing a sorting grid were explored. An overall improvement in the 50% selection length ( L ₅₀ ) with all four species was substantial when comparing the BS20 to the DM40. Higher improvement in L ₅₀ s was achieved when the grid was equipped with the guiding funnel. When comparing the performance of the BS20-f to the SM40, there was no marked difference in L ₅₀ s. The Y/R and B/R, however, are substantially higher with BS20-f for poor cod and about the same for European hake. BS20 compared to SM40 achieved lower Y/R and B/R for all four species; the smallest difference was observed for Norway lobster. Further development is required if the sorting grid is to be introduced into commercial fisheries.     

废纸制浆固废物成分分析及分拣

以废纸制浆过程中产生的废渣为研究对象,采用“四分法”取样。通过分析样品中的成分构成及各成分比例,探讨其应用于木塑复合材料的可行性。分析结果显示,固体废弃物中主要成分为塑料和植物纤维废渣,两者占总重的80wt%以上;聚丙烯（PP）和聚乙烯（PE）占塑料总重的55wt%以上;采用水浮法可实现废渣原料的分拣。