The nutritive value of mulberry leaves (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Morus alba</Emphasis>) as a feed supplement for sheep

A study to determine the nutritive value of mulberry (Morus alba) leaves in sheep diets was conducted. Mulberry leaves contained (g kg⁻¹ on dry matter basis): 163 ash, 201 crude protein, 120 crude fibre, 37 ether extracts, 479 nitrogen-free extracts, 268 neutral detergent fibre, 148 acid detergent fibre, 41 acid detergent lignin, 121 cellulose and 107 hemicellulose, while the in vitro true digestibility of dry matter was 89.8%. The nitrogen (N) solubility, determined using: a) McDougall’s buffer, b) 0.02 N sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and c) 0.15 N sodium chloride (NaCl) as solvents, ranged from 11.6 to 14.9% of total N. In addition, the soluble non-protein nitrogen contributed a substantial part of total N (26.1%), the total true protein was 14.4% and the protein fractions evaluated after classical protein fractionation, were: albumins 11.1, globulins 9.7, prolamins 44.1, glutelins 8.5 and insoluble (or structural) proteins 26.6% of total N. In a digestibility trial, where mulberry leaves partially replaced lucerne hay and concentrates in wether sheep diets, there were no significant differences in dry matter, crude protein or crude fibre digestibility of the total diet. It was concluded that mulberry leaves have an appreciable potential as a protein source in sheep feeding.     

可溶性瘟毒灭的抑菌杀菌作用试验

瘟毒灭是一种新型中草药制剂，选用黄芩、黄连、黄柏、大蒜、皂角等10余种中草药常温浸泡，经高温高压、提取浓缩、喷雾干燥而成可溶性粉．可溶性盛毒灭对蜡样芽胞杆菌、猪霍乱沙门氏菌、禽源致病性大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和猪丹毒杆菌等5种细菌的最小抑菌浓度和最小杀菌浓度分别为3．125μg／ml、0．04883μg／ml、6.25μg／ml、50μg／ml、和100μg／ml、     

Development of a water-soluble preparation of emamectin benzoate and its preventative effect against the wilting of pot-grown pine trees inoculated with the pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

Water-soluble preparations have been investigated to develop a trunk injection agent based on the poorly water-soluble anti-nematode emamectin benzoate. Following tests on the phytotoxicity of some solvents and solubilizers and demonstration of the ability of some solubilizers to dissolve emamectin benzoate in water, acetone + methanol was selected as the solvent and Polysorbate 80 as the solubilizer. This water-soluble preparation of emamectin benzoate prevented the wilting of pot-grown 4-year-old trees of the Japanese black pine, Pinus thunbergii, artificially inoculated with the pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, at a dose of 20 g emamectin benzoate per cubic metre of pine tree.     

豆油脱臭馏出物中α-生育酚在超临界CO2中溶解度的研究

生育酚有很高的生理活性,油脂生产中得到的脱臭馏出物含有丰富的天然生育酚。作为萃取生育酚的基础,该文研究了油脂脱臭馏出物中α-生育酚（α-T）在超临界CO₂中的溶解度。研究结果表明：1）酯化处理能明显提高α-T的溶解度;2）α-T溶解度随系统压力的升高而升高;3）未酯化的原料中α-T的溶解度随温度的提高而提高;酯化过的原料中α-T的溶解度随温度的提高,先降低、随后上升。从α-T与脂肪酸之间氢键缔合关系、溶质之间的协同作用和操作参数等方面对上述结果的形成进行了分析。     

α-生育酚在超临界 CO_2 中溶解度神经网络模型的建立

生育酚有很高的生理活性 ,油脂生产中得到的脱臭馏出物含有丰富的天然生育酚。作为萃取生育酚的基础 ,该文对甲酯化油脂脱馏出物中 α-生育酚在超临界 CO2 中的溶解度进行了测试 ,并用 Chrastil分子缔合模型和RBF神经网络模型对溶解数据进行了拟合。Chrastil分子缔合模型的相对误差为 2 5 .36 %。对于 RBF神经网络模型 ,经过网络学习和训练 ,训练集平均误差仅为 0 .32 % ,测试集误差为 6 .48% ,效果比较理想     

叶菜类蔬菜粉的加工研究

采用热风干燥和真空干燥制备蔬菜粉(青菜粉和芹菜粉),对2种干燥方法、制粉工艺流程、干燥温度及制得的蔬菜粉冲调稳定性等进行研究。结果表明,对样品进行切分,热风干燥温度为60℃,粉粒直径≤0.125μm时,制得的蔬菜粉的颜色和冲调稳定性最好。     

一种新的系统化的固溶体理论：键参数函数和尺寸因素方法

使用张邦维所提出的键参数函数和尺寸因素理论方法，对５６种金属基体二元合金的固溶度进行系统的研究，发现分隔每个基体金属可溶与不溶元素的定量方程式是一抛物线或椭圆，理论预言的总准确率对抛物线和椭圆规律分别为８７．２％和９０．３％，表明，这种对固溶度的理论研究，无论是系统性还是理论结果与实验数据符合程度都是文献中所未有过的。     

Improved solubility and stability of carp myosin by conjugation with alginate oligosaccharide

ABSTRACT:   Carp myosin was conjugated with alginate oligosaccharide (AO) through the Maillard reaction under low relative humidity, and the functional properties of the myosin-AO conjugate were investigated to clarify the role of myosin in the functional improvement of fish myofibrillar proteins (Mf) by the glycosylation. The findings were as follows. First, myosin became highly solubilized at lower NaCl concentrations by conjugation with AO and NaCl-dependence of the solubility was lost when > 12% of the available lysine residues were reacted with AO and 50 µg/mg of AO was attached to myosin. Second, the thermal stability of myosin was effectively improved by conjugation with AO. Heat-treatment at 50°C for 6 h has no effect on the solubility of the myosin-AO conjugate regardless of the NaCl concentration. Third, the improved functionalities of myosin conjugated with AO remained even at a nearly isoelectric point. The improving effect of AO-conjugation on the characteristics of myosin was almost the same as Mf reacted with AO. Therefore, it is apparent that that improved functionalities of the glycosylated Mf reflect the functional changes of myosin.     

A Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitor with differential solubility during the development of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers

Summary Two potato (Solanum tuberosum L., cv. Irish Cobbler) Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors (PKPI) were previously described to be present in the soluble fraction of proteins from tubers in the early stages of development. One of them became insoluble in mature tubers, being extractable from this material in presence of urea. Amino acid sequencing showed that the soluble and insoluble PKPI were identical to each other. Also, immunolocalization using the protein A-gold method showed that both proteins were present inside the vacuole in free (intravacuolar space) and aggregated forms. The density of PKPI in the vacuolar protein aggregates increased from developing to mature tubers. showing that the soluble-insoluble state of this protein is related to the aggregation levels. Purified PKPI precipitated in vitro. mainly in presence of high calcium concentrations and low pH, but this precipitated form was not as stable as aggregates found in vivo. Based on the results obtained, a model of PKPI insolubilization in vivo is discussed.