农民工社会保障相对独立性初探

以农民工社会保障体系与城镇、农村社会保障体系的关系为研究视角,提出了在现阶段农民工社会保障应相对独立于城镇社会保障体系和农村社会保障体系,这是农民工职业、身份、风险的变化的要求,是农民工社会保障不宜纳入城镇社会保障体系的现实选择。在此基础上,本文还提出建立相对独立的农民工社会保障体系的基本框架:即以工伤保险为先,医疗保险、失业保险、养老保险、最低保障为主,内容逐步扩充。     

分布式温室智能控制系统智能控制器设计与实现

针对当前国内温室自动控制智能化程度不高和扩展性差的问题,开发了分布式温室智能控制系统。该系统借鉴现场总线思想,将分布式系统中过程控制级分解为智能控制器级和智能模块级。设计并开发了处于系统中间层的温室智能控制器软硬件。该智能控制器具有双串行口,用于与上位机和智能模块通信。针对通信的开放性要求设计了通信协议。软件内含模糊控制算法,允许控制器脱离上位机独立控制温室;上位机根据气候等因素的变化随时更新控制器的模糊控制算法。经过1年多的实际运行显示,系统运行稳定可靠,环境参数控制精度满足温室生产要求,其中温度控制精度达±1℃。     

旋风分离器在饲草干燥设备中的应用

饲草干燥设备中的旋风分离器与普通旋风分离器从结构上有很多不同点,从而使其各部分参数以及饲草颗粒的运动轨迹有很大不同。为此,根据旋风分离器的工作原理,分析了饲草干燥设备中的旋风分离器各个部分的参数,并从理论上给出了饲草在旋风分离器中的运动轨迹,为旋风分离器在饲草干燥设备中的应用提供理论依据。     

东北地区种植业机械化水平的灰色关联辨识

发展农业机械化是东北老工业基地振兴的重要内容.为此,对现阶段东北地区种植业机械化装备水平、生产经济系统的投入产出状况以及环境状况进行了科学的分析,运用灰色关联分析方法对其进行系统的辨识,这对于东北农业的发展、增加农民收入、加快农村富余劳动力转移,优化农业和农村经济结构具有重要意义.     

淮北平原涝渍兼治的组合排水工程形式

由于淮北平原砂姜黑土区的气候、地形、地貌、水文地质、土壤等多方面原因，致使旱、涝、渍频繁，且涝渍灾害往往是紧密相连，先涝后渍，涝渍相随．造成大面积减产．甚至绝收，旱、涝、渍灾害一直困扰着本区的农业发展。通过试验及调查，从治理涝渍效果、提高农业产量、投入产出等方面进行综合分析，提出了几种适宜于本区的组合排水形式。     

河床高差对“Y”型汇流口水流水

利用美国SonTec公司生产的三维多普勒流速仪ADV对“Y”型汇流口进行模型试验研究，结果表明，“Y”型汇流口水流为螺旋流，河床高差的存在对“Y”型汇流口水流分离区，流速加速区等主要区域影响不大，但会减弱螺旋流的旋转趋势，增加汇流口水流的脉动强度。     

高港泵站水利枢纽自动化系统

详细介绍了江苏省泰州引江河高港泵站水利枢纽自动化系统的功能，介绍了系统采用的分布式体系结构、设备分布及其功能分配。     

泵站配电变压器优化选型设计研究

根据泵站排涝运行特点，从降低变压器损耗入手，采用综合经济比较等优化选型方法，从初选的三种系列变压器方案中优选出最佳方案，以取得良好的综合效益。     

灌区评估指标的选取及灰关联分析

该文探讨了灌区评估指标体系的建立方法,对评估指标的选取与预处理进行了系统分析,并尝试应用灰色系统理论中的灰关联度分析法,对灌区评估指标进行关联分析,从而很方便地进行灌区之间的评估、排队及比较,与传统的强制打分法相比,此法简便易行,无需预先建立评判标准,因此是一种新的评估分析法。     

A tool for community-based assessment of the implications of development on water security in hillside watersheds

Development and population growth in Latin American countries with steep slope farming are likely to further increase pressures on water and land resources. A methodology was developed for assessing water availability and use under different development pathways at a watershed scale to determine whether water security is a potential problem, and if so, under what conditions it is likely to occur. This methodology makes use of a GIS-based spatial water budget model for simulating stream water availability, water use and stream flow control on a daily basis at a watershed scale. Here, we analysed water availability under three plausible development scenarios for the 3246 ha Cabuyal River watershed in southwest Colombia in the year 2025: Corporate Farming (CF), Ecological Watershed (EW), and Business as Usual (BU). Simulated average river flows at the watershed outlet were, respectively, 874, 796 and 925 l s⁻¹ for the CF, EW and BU scenarios. The contribution of base flow to river flow (base flow index) was on average, 80.8, 85.6 and 77.9%, respectively, for the three scenarios. The watershed had the potential to meet the anticipated increase in water use under each explorative scenario. However, dams were necessary to store irrigation water in the CF scenario, otherwise over 60% of the available water would have been used during the dry season. Such a high figure raises concerns about effects on aquatic and riparian ecology, concentrations of potential contaminants, water reserves for especially low rainfall years, and the watershed resilience to meet temporarily higher water needs during the day. Analyses indicated that current water-use conflicts in the watershed can be resolved if irrigation water supply is separated from drinking water supply. This study helped reduce some of the complexity associated with the interdependencies between land and water resources, the impact of using them, and spatial linkages within the watershed. Results of this study can be used for teaching local stakeholders about basic landscape responses and helping multi-institutional alliances to become proactive and to guide development to the benefit of local communities.