茉莉酸合成抑制剂对棉花脱分化及茎尖培养的影响

以棉花幼苗下胚轴和茎尖作为试验材料,通过添加不同浓度的外源茉莉酸合成抑制剂,观察棉花下胚轴生根及愈伤组织的形成率以及对茎尖分化的影响,探究茉莉酸合成抑制剂对棉花脱分化及茎尖培养的影响。结果表明,茉莉酸合成抑制剂可以显著地促进愈伤组织的生成,加快生根,但是会在一定程度上抑制愈伤组织POD及SOD的活性。当茉莉酸合成抑制剂浓度为0.075 mg·L~(-1)时,对生根及愈伤组织形成方面作用效果最显著。而在茎尖培养过程中,2.0 mg·L~(-1)的茉莉酸合成抑制剂在棉花茎尖培养初期对分生组织分化起显著促进作用,棉花生长量最大,植株SOD酶和POD酶活性最大。     

茶梢蛾的生物学特性及其防治

介绍了油茶茶梢蛾的为害状况、生活史以及生活习性,分析了影响其发生为害的环境因子,并提出了相应的防治措施.     

Floral induction (FI) in longan (Dimocarpus longan, Lour.) trees. III: Effect of shading the trees on potassium chlorate induced FI and resulting hormonal changes in leaves and shoots

Previous experiments demonstrated that treatment of longan trees with potassium chlorate (KClO₃) induces “off season floral induction” (FI) even in the absence of the naturally required cool temperature [Manochai, P., Sruamsiri, P., Wiriya-alongkorn, W., Naphrom, D., Hegele, M., Bangerth, F., 2005. Year around off season flower induction in longan (Dimocarpus longan, Lour.) trees by KClO₃ applications: potentials and problems. Sci. Hortic. 104, 379–390]. Potassium chlorate, however, cannot replace the presence of functional mature leaves and sufficient light intensity. Here we examined in more detail the effect of shade (about 10% of natural sunlight) on KClO₃ affected hormone concentrations/transport of leaves and shoot apical buds (SAB) and their interactions with FI.     

白花败酱组织培养及快速繁殖研究

选取长势较好、无病害野生白花败酱植株的茎尖及茎段作为外植体进行组织培养,以MS为基本培养基,设计不同激素浓度配比试验,筛选最佳培养基配方。结果表明:采用0.1%HgCl2对外植体进行消毒,茎尖最佳消毒时间为10 min,茎段为15 min;最佳诱导培养基配方是MS+6-BA 3.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L,诱导率100%,增殖培养基MS+6-BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA0.2 mg/L,增殖倍数7.8;生根壮苗培养基是MS+NAA 1 mg/L+马铃薯5%。     

麻竹笋用林施肥效果试验

对麻竹笋用林进行施肥试验研究,分析得知,鸡粪、复合肥、配方肥3种肥料对竹笋产量和经济纯收入有显著影响,均与竹笋产量、经济纯收入呈抛物线型关系,竹笋产量、经济纯收入随施肥量增加呈现先上升后下降的趋势;3种肥料的影响程度顺序依次为：配方施肥、鸡粪、复合肥,配方施肥的最佳施肥方案为鸡400＋复60＋硫酸锌0．9。     

水涨龙眼结果母枝内源激素含量变化对花芽分化的影响

应用酶联免疫法（ＥＬＩＳＡ）,测定了涨龙眼花芽分化期间结果母枝内源激素ｉＰＡｓ、ＧＡｓ、ＡＢＡ及ＩＡＡ的含量变化。结果表明,生理分化期花芽内源激素含量：ＡＢＡ〉ｉＰＡｓ〉ＩＡＡ〉ＧＡｓ;形成分化期为：ＡＢＡ〉ＩＡＡ〉ｉＰＡｓ〉ＧＡｓ。生理分化期主形态分化期叶芽内源激素含量均为：ＡＢＡ〉ｉＰＡｓ〉ＧＡｓ〉ＩＡＡ。生理分化期：与叶芽相比,花芽的ｉＰＳｓ、ＧＡｓ和ＩＡＡ含量高,ＡＢＡ含量低。形态分化期：     

Response of Rice Seedlings to Copper Toxicity and Acidity

Metal toxicity and soil acidity affect plant growth. A hydroponic experiment was conducted to simulate effects of pH and copper concentration [Cu] on early growth and biomass production of high-yielding rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L. cv. ‘NIAB 6’). The rice seedlings were allowed to grow in Yoshida nutrient solution with 1 (control), 8, 16, and 32 μM Cu at buffered pH levels of 4.5, 5.0, and 5.5, respectively. Shoot and root growth, leaf chlorophyll content, and root lipid peroxidation and K⁺ leakage of 15-day-old rice seedlings were determined. Results show that [Cu] had significant adverse effects on rice seedlings. Shoot height and root length were reduced by 18%–60% and 7%–69%, respectively, compared with the control, and shoot and root weight decreased by 26%–56%, and 25%, respectively, in response to progressive increases in [Cu]. Similarly, leaf chlorophyll content decreased by 150%–245% compared with the control treatment. Rice seedling roots suffered from significant increases in lipid peroxidation followed by K⁺ leakage (> 8–23 times) in response to increasing [Cu]. Averaged across [Cu], seedling growth and biomass were greater at pH 5.5 than at other pH treatments. In some instances, increasing pH minimized the adverse effects of Cu at low concentrations on rice seedlings.     

不同施肥对雷竹林土壤肥力及肥料利用率的影响

于2009年,在浙江省临安市的雷竹林中进行田间试验,以比较对照(不施肥)、常规施肥、缓释肥、竹笋专用肥和微生物肥对雷竹林土壤肥力质量、养分利用率和竹笋产量的影响。结果表明,雷竹林因施肥引起的土壤速效氮磷钾含量的过量积累和土壤酸化的程度按以下次序递减:常规施肥>专用复合肥≈缓释肥>微生物肥。常规施肥的肥料农学利用率最低,氮、磷和钾农学利用率分别为鲜笋4.7 kg kg-1、23.6kg kg-1和14.2 kg kg-1。与常规施肥处理相比,专用复合肥和缓释肥2个处理的氮、磷、钾农学利用率分别提高40.4%～53.2%、50.8%～90.7%和35.5%～39.5%,而微生物肥处理则分别提高38.9倍、67.8%和2.0倍。与对照相比,常规施肥处理的竹笋产量和经济效益分别提高了29.6%和14.3%,而专用复合肥、缓释肥、微生物肥3个处理的竹笋产量和经济效益分别提高了27.5%～29.0%和14.6%～17.8%。     

大豆胚尖不定芽对NaCl耐性的研究

以大豆胚尖为外植体,研究NaCl胁迫对大豆黑农37和吉育91胚尖不定芽形成的影响.结果表明,大豆胚尖诱导不定芽对NaCl胁迫反应较敏感,随着NaCl浓度的增高,两个基因型胚尖不定芽诱导率、芽数和芽长都显著降低,25mmol/L NaCl显著地抑制了黑农37胚尖不定芽的形成与生长.     

雪青梨适宜冬季修剪量及枝条再生率研究

在良好的栽培管理条件下,六年生雪青梨树冬季修剪量（去枝量）以40%左右为宜。冬季修剪后,树上总留枝量平均为216.7个,果枝留量121.3个,生长枝与结果枝比例为1：1.3。全树平均花序留量为207.7个,按照丰产优质标准,疏果后每株平均留果85.3个,当年平均产量26.4 kg/株,达到了幼树早期丰产的要求。在结果的同时,当年果枝形成率可达到47.1%,完全能够满足翌年丰产的需求。采用上述程度冬剪后,生长季枝条再生率（新生枝增加的比率）达到61.4%,生长季枝果比为4.1：1。冬剪对枝类比有一定的影响。冬季修剪前树冠长、中、短枝比率为24.8%、14.9和59.9%;冬剪后人为变化为15.7%、18.2%和66.2%,冬剪相对去枝量分别占原长枝、中枝和短枝数量的61.6%、26.0%和33.0%。然而,由于生长季新生枝条的出现和增加,长、中、短枝比例又恢复为25.5%、13.8%和60.7%,基本与上年冬剪前相同。采用上述方法修剪后,当年发生的新梢总数与上年修剪前枝条总数基本持平,说明若仅从维持生长与结果相对平衡的角度考虑,上述修剪量较为适宜。