Experimental Investigation of Stabilized Soft Soil by New GSC

Soft clay is stabilized by desulphurization gypsum and steel slag-slag blended cementitious materials (GSC), which can not only reuse industrial waste and decrease second pollution, but also can conserve mineral resources and protect natural ecology. The variation of unconfined compressive strength of the clay improved by GSC with different mixing ratios and water-GSC ratio and ages was studied through the laboratory experiments. The long-term strength of stabilized soil is predicted with GSC by quasi-water-GSC ratio. The results show that the more the mixing ratios is, the better the stabilized effect of soft soil is. With increase of curing period, the strength increasing of GSC-soil is consistent with cement-soil, and it has lower strength in the early stage. When mixing ratios of GSC is more than those of cement by 3%, if the water-GSC ratio is less than those of cement, it has the higher strength than cement-soil, after 28 days. The results show that GSC stabilized soil is feasible and it can meet the demand of cure strength.     

乙醇-丁醇-柴油混合燃料的车辆排放性和经济性

为了研究乙醇-丁醇-柴油混合燃料的车辆排放性和经济性,该文对分别使用乙醇-丁醇-柴油混合燃料和柴油的在用柴油轿车的排放性能和燃油经济性,以及在用柴油客车的自由加速排气烟度排放进行了对比试验。研究结果表明:相对于柴油,在用柴油轿车使用E10(体积比,乙醇10%、丁醇4%、柴油86%)混合燃料的NOX排放减少10.42%,HC+NOX排放减少27.43%,微粒(PM)排放减少2.13%,90和120km/h等速行驶燃料消耗量分别减少7.66%和3.71%;然而CO排放增加31.43%,工况循环综合燃料消耗量增加4.48%。此外,在用柴油客车使用E10混合燃料的自由加速排气烟度排放减少31.11%。该研究结果对于完善乙醇柴油混合燃料的车辆排放性和经济性具有实用价值。     

砖厂废气排放对橡胶树生长及生理生化特性的影响

为了探明砖厂废气排放对橡胶树生长及生理生化特性的影响,以砖厂东南风下风区距离砖厂200 m、400 m、600 m处,2005年种植的‘云研77-2’橡胶树为研究对象,对植株茎粗以及叶片的生理生化指标（可溶性糖、蔗糖、可溶性蛋白、叶绿素a、叶绿素b、保护酶、丙二醛、超氧阴离子自由基、脯氨酸、含水率及相对电导率等）进行测量测定。结果表明,3个距离间橡胶树的茎粗呈200 m<400 m<600 m的趋势,且差异达极显著水平(P<0.01),说明砖厂废气排放对附近橡胶树生长有严重影响,影响程度依距离远近而有所不同。砖厂废气污染对橡胶树生理生化特性的影响表现为：一方面,导致叶片叶绿素含量降低,光合作用减弱,光合营养物质即可溶性糖、蔗糖含量降低,影响植株生长;另一方面,超氧化阴离子自由基陡增,导致保护酶系统的启动,过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶活性提高,消除或降低超氧阴离子自由基对橡胶树叶片的伤害。废气污染也导致丙二醛和脯氨酸含量升高,起到调节细胞渗透势,平衡电导率的作用。总之,橡胶树通过启动自身保护系统使之能够对废气污染伤害具有一定的抵御忍耐能力,但砖厂废气排放仍会对橡胶树生长和正常生理过程产生严重影响,导致其光合作用降低,光合产物减少,造成植株矮生细长。     

木材干燥室集中换气时进排气孔气流的均匀性模拟

为解决木材干燥室强制集中换气装置进排气道孔口气流的均匀性问题,采用理论分析和Fluent数值模拟方法,对进排气道的进排孔口气流流速、流量等进行数值模拟分析和计算,得到了满足生产实际要求的孔口半径和分布。结果表明：进气道各孔口的质量流量差小于5．1％,排气道各孔口的质量流量差小于7．3％,二者均小于质量流量偏差（10％）...     

Displacement Prediction of Surrounding Rock by Evolution BP-net Based on the decimal Gentic Algorithms

In recent years,more people have begun complaining about cooking exhaust pollution from restaurants in the city of Chongqing,P.R.China.Understanding cooking exhaust pollution origins and people's responses in Chongqing can provide a scientific basis for environmental protection decision-making in the city.To better understand these things,the attitudes of Chongqing inhabitants with different sex,age and residential proximity to cooking exhaust pollution and other environmental pollutants were investigated.The results show that city residents feel cooking exhaust pollution is the third most significant environmental pollution problem in Chongqing after noise and air pollution.Responses to cooking exhaust pollution vary with different sex,age and residential environment.This paper concludes by analyzing reasons for ineffective solutions to the cooking exhaust pollution problem in Chongqing and puts forward corresponding new countermeasures.     

Numerical Simulation for Fire Smoke Flow in a High-rise Building with Patio Space

Characteristics of smoke flow and fire spread in a patio space of a high-rise building were studied to investigate their influences on fire compartment and safety evacuation.Fire development model was established and fire scenarios were designed to simulate fire and smoke spread by CFD software numerically based on concepts of fire performance-based design in a high-rise building with double patio space,whose height are 74.65 m and 55.95 m,respectively.Simulation results show that in all fire scenarios,performance targets for safety evacuation for people in each floor was satisfied,if smoke was extracted naturally using the patio space.Hang walls mounted in corridors around the patio space prevent smoke flowing out smoothly,shorten the coming of the risk time and increase fire danger.Using chimney effect,it is preferred to adopt natural smoke exhaust method in a high-rise building with patio space.     

simulation and improvement of an all terrain vehicle muffler

Aiming at a muffler of a 400 all terrain vehicle(ATV), a vibration model and an acoustics model of the muffler were built by finite element method(FEM). The vibration and acoustics characteristic analysis of the muffler are carried out according these models, it shows the 3D model is exact and it is possible to generate regeneration noise. Acoustics model can help to know further about the characteristic of each chamber and intention of the designer. According the demand of factory, some projects of improvement are offered. The final result of road test proves that he improved muffler is feasible.     

某柴油机进排气提前角的选优

为了寻找柴油机在动力性能、燃油消耗率以及排放之间的平衡,获得更好的综合性能,基于GTPower软件,利用柴油机的基础参数,建立柴油机的整机GT-Power模型并用试验数据进行校准。然后设置多组进气提前角和排气提前角的值进行数值模拟,分别分析进排气提前角对柴油机功率、燃油消耗率、充量系数等参数的影响。最后综合考虑多方面的因素,得出进气提前角定在21℃A左右,排气提前角定在76℃A左右较为合理的结论。     

重型柴油机颗粒物分布规律的试验研究

为了同时控制车用重型柴油机的颗粒物排放质量和数目,该文对稳态工况及瞬态工况下柴油机排放颗粒物分布规律进行了试验研究。试验结果表明:在稳态工况下,随着负荷的增加或者转速的提高,积聚态及核态颗粒物数目浓度、中位直径(count median diameter,CMD)、表面积和质量均呈现增大趋势,且峰值向大粒径方向偏移。在本研究中,稳态工况全工况总颗粒物数目浓度为1.5×10~6~4.5×10~6个/cm~3,积聚态颗粒物数目浓度为2×10~6~1×10~7个/cm~3,而核态颗粒物数目浓度为1×10~7~3×10~7个/cm~3,在总颗粒物数目浓度中占比为65%~96%。全工况当量比均小于0.7,在中低转速,当量比对颗粒物分布影响较为明显,在高转速尤其是大负荷条件下,当量比的影响减弱。在瞬态工况下,颗粒物数目浓度出现了与颗粒物质量类似的排放尖峰现象,浓度峰值达到2×108~7×108个/cm~3,比其对应的稳态工况出现的浓度峰值高出1个数量级。而且排放尖峰现象中,积聚态颗粒物数目浓度占主要部分,其峰值浓度比稳态工况要高出2个数量级,此时排放尖峰现象中核态颗粒物数目浓度也出现明显增长。排放尖峰现象对应的粒径主要集中在积聚态颗粒物的50~200 nm范围和核态颗粒物的6~8 nm及20~50 nm范围。这主要是因为当量比在瞬态过程出现了超过临界当量比0.8的情况。研究结果对重型柴油机颗粒物排放控制以及生成机理有重要指导意义,并可为排放后处理器的匹配计算提供数据支持。