Feasibility analysis of NIR for detecting sweet corn seeds vigor

This paper explores the feasibility of particle-based detection and grading of seed vigor based on a self-built seed single-granulation device using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Sweet corn with uniform kernel size was used for this study. The seed samples were divided into three types, they were normal seeds, artificially aged seeds and heat-damaged seeds. A 2-part spectral acquisition of each seed were performed, one for the collection of seeds that fall into the detection zone within the separation pipe, another was on the static platform, whose collection was performed on 5 faces of each seed. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to classify the original data of the seeds. In the 2 parts, the discriminant results of the unprocessed normal seeds and the artificial accelerated aging seeds, the untreated normal seeds and the heat-damaged seeds showed that classification accuracy was higher than 98%. The research indicates that the spectral data of different positions of seeds can reflect their activity information, and it is feasible to detect and classify seeds in real time in the detection area of the separation pipeline.     

不同种源砂生槐种子萌发特性的比较研究

以3个不同种源的砂生槐种子为研究对象,对种子外部形态特征、千粒重及不同处理条件下其发芽率和发芽势进行了比较分析.结果表明:各种源砂生槐种子的横纵径差异不明显,千粒重之间有差异,其中,日喀则种源千粒重最大.拉萨种源在各水温浸泡后其发芽率较其余2个高,达到42％,3个种源的砂生槐种子随着浸泡水温的升高,其发芽率也表现出逐渐升高的趋势,均表现为沸水浸泡后发芽率达到最大.3个种源的砂生槐种子在不同温度下发芽率不同.温度越高并不表现为发芽率较高,其中拉萨和林芝种源的砂生槐种子在15℃时发芽率最好,日喀则种源在20℃发芽率最好.GA3对砂生槐种子的萌发没有明显的促进作用.切破种皮和酸碱处理均有利于不同种源砂生槐种子的萌发,能在一定程度上提高砂生槐种子的发芽率.     

汞水平对苋菜种子萌发的影响

采用不同浓度的氯化汞溶液(0.5、1.0、2.5、5.0、10.0、25.0、50.0、100.0 mg/L)对不同品种苋菜种子进行浸种处理。结果表明,Hg+对苋菜种子萌发的影响在低浓度时有促进作用,随着Hg+浓度增加,苋菜种子的根长和芽长都明显减少,当Hg+浓度达到100 mg/L时,苋菜种子见萌芽,但都有红褐色痕迹,即汞污染现象非常明显;Hg+较高浓度时,各个不同品种苋菜种子导电率相对较高,种子活力相对较低。     

宁夏马铃薯脱毒种薯产业的发展现状及对策

为宁夏自治区马铃薯种薯产业的发展提供理论依据和实践参考,介绍了宁夏马铃薯脱毒种薯产业的发展现状,详细分析了该产业在不断发展的过程中出现的主要问题,并提出了相应的对策措施。     

碳纳米管的酸化处理对碳纳米管/聚氨酯复合材料微观结构及性能的影响

对多壁碳纳米管进行酸化处理,并采用原位聚合法制备了碳纳米管/聚氨酯复合材料。利用X射线光电子能谱分析(XPS)、电子扫描显微镜(SEM)、动态力学分析(DMA)研究了碳纳米管酸化与否对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,碳纳米管经酸化处理后产生了羧基,碳纳米管的原位加入使得复合材料的储存模量和玻璃化转变温度都有所提高,而且经过酸化的碳纳米管对聚氨酯材料的改性要比未酸化碳纳米管对聚氨酯材料的改性效果更为显著。     

不同外植体及冷藏处理对华中枸骨组织培养的影响

[目的]研究不同外植体及冷藏处理对华中枸骨组织培养的影响。[方法]以华中枸骨带芽新梢茎段为外植体,考察外植体的取材时间、部位以及4℃冷藏处理对其初代培养的影响。[结果]华中枸骨以带芽的新梢茎段作为外植体进行组织培养时,以春季采取植株中上部枝条为宜,其中春季萌条的芽增殖倍数可达到4,中上部萌条的芽萌动率可达到45%。适当的冷藏处理对外植体的消毒以及芽的萌动有利,4℃冷藏处理14 h后的消毒成功率最高,可达到92%;冷藏处理22 h的芽萌动率最高,可达到18%。[结论]华中枸骨组织培养中外植体最好于春季选取植株中上部萌发的新梢顶芽;华中枸骨芽的萌动率随冷藏时间的增加呈线性增长,可能与低温打破休眠有关。     

Some Agronomic Strategies for Organic Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)

Quinoa is a potential new seed crop for protein feed and human consumption in Europe, with tolerance to a range of abiotic stresses. For this purpose the study was planned to analyse the effect of important agronomic strategies like nitrogen level, N application strategy, row spacing and harvest time on yield and quality of quinoa. The experiments took place in the field of the experimental station of the Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen. Three levels of organic nitrogen from slurry was used (60, 120 and 180 kg N ha^?1), supplied either all at once at sowing, or split between sowing and beginning of the reproductive phase. The effect of row spacing and harvest time was studied by harvesting seeds at seed maturity, which occurred 2–3 weeks prior to the mechanical harvest by threshing, and a couple of months after. Yield increased significantly (P ≤ 0.05) with an application up to 180 kg N ha^?1, reaching 2200 kg ha^?1. Increasing N also caused a significantly increased seed weight (up to 3.3 mg) and protein content (up to 17 %). N level did not affect number and amount of weeds. Split application with part of the N applied at bud formation did not have a significant effect on yield. Delayed harvest had a negative influence on seed weight, whereas protein content was stable after harvesting even a month after seed maturity. A late harvest significantly reduced seed germination, being reduced by 50 % after a 2‐month delay. A conclusion from this study is that both yield and protein content of seed can be manipulated by N level and application strategy. Harvest time is important for securing a high seed quality measured as seed germination, seed weight and protein content. A fast germination of quinoa is an important characteristic demonstrating that the crop has good possibilities for being well‐established in the field when free from weeds at the time of sowing. The choice of row spacing is important and depends on weed control method. Weed control strategy should be developed based on modern precision tools.     

一例鸡马立克氏疫病的诊治

福建省南靖县某鸡场饲养的600羽本地土鸡,50日龄开始发病,经临床症状、病理解剖、流行病学调查及实验室诊断为鸡马立克氏病.该文总结诊治过程,并分析讨论该病发病原因及防制措施.     

球花石楠种子育苗技术

从采种及种子处理、苗圃地选择、整地方式、播种方法及苗期管理、病虫害防治等方面阐述了球花石楠种子育苗技术,可为生产应用提供参考。     

处理主干和主枝对光皮树幼树早花早实的促进效果

对3年生光皮树幼树,采用环割倒贴皮、铁丝绞缢、绳索绞缢、环刻4种人工造伤方法分别对其主干和主枝进行处理.结果表明:4种处理方法对树干直径和冠幅生长的影响差异不显著;铁丝绞缢主枝法处理,其树高及开花株数和开花数量都与其他处理存在显著差异;铁丝绞缢主枝与铁丝绞缢主干法促进开花的效果差异不显著.