高寒漫甸区农田草场防护林体系营建技术研究

在试验、研究、实践的基础上,针对高寒漫甸区不同的立地条件,探索出了几种治理模式和相应的技术措施。并通过对比分析,科学客观地总结了该地区农田草场防护林体系建设的成功经验,从而为同一立地类型防护林建设提供了技术支持。     

Identifying important biophysical and social determinants of on-farm tree growing in subsistence-based traditional agroforestry systems

Many expert-designed agroforestry projects enunciated in 1970s around the world, particularly in the developing countries, had uneven success due to inadequate adoption or abandonment after adoption. There are many empirical studies on factors affecting on-farm tree cultivation mainly where expert-designed agroforestry programmes were introduced but lacking in case of traditional agroforestry. Moreover, the concern to identify key factors influencing on-farm tree growing is gaining importance. The present study identifies key factors in on-farm tree growing based on investigation of traditional agroforestry using logistic regression approach. The study is based on household survey of 401 households located in Indian Western Himalaya. The factors affecting on-farm tree growing were grouped into: biophysical (included land use and infrastructural aspects) and social. Models predicting on-farm tree growing for each category were developed and key factors affecting on-farm tree growing in the respective category were identified. A composite model was also developed by combining biophysical and social factors. In the present study, farm size, agroclimatic zone, soil fertility, mobility and importance of tree for future generations respectively were the key factors which influenced tree growing. In contrast to many previous studies which considered either biophysical or social factors, the composite model in the present study reveals that both biophysical and social factors are simultaneously important in motivating the farmers to grow trees on their farms in traditional agroforestry. Moreover, the present study open vistas for using farmers’ experience and knowledge of adoption of agroforestry to stimulate on-farm tree growing. The wider implication of the study is that biophysical as well as social variables should be considered together in designing suitable agroforestry systems in various parts of the world.     

油松毛虫光照周期反应Ⅲ.临界光周数学模型的探讨

油松毛虫(De,d:olimus ta乙ulaelo:仇15 Tsai et Liu)的光照周期反应,作者等已作过报道t‘]。除了光照时间长短决定着油松毛虫幼虫是否滞育外,温度、营养以及三者间的交互作用都对油松毛虫幼虫的临界光周有着明显的影响‘)o 滞育的生态生理特性构成昆虫整个生活史的基础     

河西绿洲农田防护林主要模式研究

在对河西绿洲农田防护林调查研究的基础上,列出了12种防护林模式,并对各种模式的适宜条件、技术措施、存在问题进行了分析和评价。     

帽儿山地区次生林椴树单木胸高断面积生长模型的研究

应用帽儿山天然次生林区不同林分条件下选设的20块椴树（Tilia amurensis）固定样地的解析木调查资料,分析多个单木竞争指标与对象木胸高断面积定期生长量的相关关系,在椴树单木胸高断面积生长模型中引入林木自身大小、单木竞争指标和立地因子,应用回归分析法建立帽儿山地区天然次生椴树单木胸高断面积生长模型。研究表明：天然次生林下椴树的胸高断面积定期生长量与对象木相对直径（RD）和竞争压力指数（SCI）等指标存在比较明显的相关关系。应用主分量线性组合的方法构造的综合竞争指标（MCI）包含了各竞争指标与胸高断面积生长量之间的绝大部分的相关信息,可以作为竞争指标应用于单木胸高断面积生长模型。     

基于工作流技术的森工企业信息系统模型的构建

针对黑龙江省森工企业信息化建设的现状和存在的问题,介绍工作流技术的原理,给出基于工作流技术的森工企业管理信息系统的结构框架。根据工作流管理系统参考模型的规范,构建森工企业管理信息系统模型。提出工作流在森工企业信息化建设中应用的优势。     

马尔可夫链模型在森林资源预测中的应用

应用马尔可夫链建立了鄂西三峡库区森林资源时空变化预测模型。预测结果表明：库区到2010年时林地面积达到830165hm^2,比目前增加4022hm^2,到2030年前后达到相对稳定状态,林地面积达到834638hm^2,比目前约增加10495hm^2,比现有林地增加12．7％。达到稳定状态时,森林资源总体结构与目前相比不会发生根本性改变,林地覆盖率由目前的46．8％增加到62．4％,林地质量和生产潜力都有所提高。     

Species Interactions in the Dynamics of Even- and Uneven-Aged Boreal Forests

Many boreal tree stands are neither clearly even-aged nor clearly uneven-aged. The stands may undergo a series of stages, during which an even-aged stand is transformed into two-storied mixed stand, and finally to multistoried or uneven-aged stand structure. The species composition often changes during the succession of stand stages. This study developed models for stand dynamics that can be used in different stand structures and species compositions. The model set consists of species-specific individual-tree diameter increment and survival models, and models for ingrowth. Separate models were developed for Scots pine, Norway spruce, and hardwood species. The models were used in a growth simulator, to give illustrative examples on species influences and stand dynamics. Methods to simulate residual variation around diameter increment and ingrowth models are also presented. The results suggest that mixed stands are more productive than one-species stands. Spruce in particular benefits from an admixture of other species. Mixed species improve diameter increment, decrease mortality, and increase ingrowth. Pine is a more beneficial admixture than birch. Simulations showed that uneven-aged management of spruce forests is sustainable and productive, and even-aged conifer stands growing on medium sites can be converted into uneven-aged mixed stands by a series of strong high thinnings.     

Litter Decomposition in Three Plantation Species in Semi-Arid and Sub-Humid Regions of Central India

Abstract

The forest floor litter decomposition rate followed in the order: Tectona grandis(teak) > Madhuka indica (mahua) > Butea monosperma (palas). Higher decomposition rates were observed during rainy season and lowest during winter. The decay rate was significantly correlated with rainfall and soil moisture, and with population densities of earthworms. The lumbricid distribution under three plantations of semi-arid and sub-humid regions of central India in relation to several environmental factors including climate, soil moisture and litter quality was studied. Native species of earthworms and their densities were not abundant in this forest due to less moisture content in soil and accidental forest fires. Eight earthworms were identified and three of them were epigeic earthworms, viz., Eisenia fetida (Savigny), Perionyx excavatus (Perrier) and Dichogaster bolaui (Michaelsen), which were predominant throughout the year.