兴安落叶松容器苗化学剪根效果与根生长潜力测定的研究

采用内壁涂有不同浓度碳酸铜的容器培育出兴安落叶松(Larix gmelini(Rupr.)Rupr.)苗木,苗木侧根受碳酸铜的抑制,减小了根系变形的程度。通过对处理苗木根生长潜力的测定表明:碳酸铜浓度为100～150g/L时改变了兴安落叶松容器苗新根的分布状态,根系中、上层的新根数量明显增加,这样的苗木根系更接近自然发育的苗木根系,从而克服了一般容器苗根系易变形的缺点。     

生长素在烤烟库源关系改变时对烟株根系钾的影响

采用土培试验方法，研究内外源生长素在不同生长阶段缺钾或供钾条件下对烟株根系钾的影响。结果表明：缺钾胁迫下，外源生长素在不同地烟株根系积累钾有很大的促进作用，内源生长素在腰叶成熟前对烟株根系积累钾的能力有一定的稳定作用。供钾条件下，内外源生长素在不同生长阶段对烟株根系积累钾均有很大的促进作用，其促进作用比缺钾胁迫时大。且无论缺钾与否，外源生长素对烟株根系积累钾的促进作用大于内源生长素的作用。     

嫩江沙地几种植物根系垂直分布的研究

采用全部分层挖取法研究了银中杨(Populus alba×Populus berolinensis)、沙棘(Seabuckthorn)、沙枣(Elaeag-nus angustifolia)和山杏(Prunus arm eniaca)4个树种的根系分布情况。结果表明:各树种之间根系的垂直分布差异显著,银中杨根系在0～120 cm土层中均有分布,林龄越大分布越深,但主要集中在0～40 cm的土层中,而且以直径小于7 mm的根系为主;沙棘根系分布较浅,在0～30 cm土层中,分布相对均匀;沙枣根系分布最深仅达20 cm;山杏的根系分布虽可达130 cm,但主要还是集中在10～50 cm土层中。根系总量分布由大到小依次是银中杨、沙棘、沙枣、山杏。     

Identification and resistant characterization of legume sources against Meloidogyne incognita

Root-knot nematodes(RKNs; Meloidogyne spp.) are becoming a serious problem in legume production. This study identified Vigna genotypes exhibiting resistance to M. incognita(RKN) and characterized the modes of the resistance to M. incognita. In total, 279 accessions from 21 Vigna species were screened for resistance based on a galling index(GI) and an egg mass index(EI). Seven accessions were highly resistant to RKN with GI≤25, namely JP74716(V. mungo var. mungo; cultivated black gram), JP107881(V. nepalensis), JP229392(V. radiata var. sublobata; wild mungbean), Aus TRCF118141(V. unguiculata subsp. unguiculata; cultivated cowpea), Aus TRCF306385(V. unguiculata subsp. unguiculata), Aus TRCF322090(V. vexillata var. vexillata; wild zombi pea) and JP235929(V. vexillata var. vexillata). JP229392 and Aus TRCF322090 were the most resistant accessions having EI values of 18.74 and 1.88, respectively. Continuous culture of M. incognita on both JP229392 and Aus TRCF322090 resulted in a weakness in pathogenic ability for this RKN. The resistance in JP229392 and Aus TRCF322090 to RKN appeared to be antibiosis that was associated with reduced nematode penetration, retardation of nematode development and impeding giant cell formation. The Vigna germplasm resistance to RKN identified in this study could be utilized as gene sources for the development of RKN-resistant Vigna cultivars.     

Root exudation of prometryn and its metabolites from Chinese celery (Apium graveolens)

Root exudates from Chinese celery (Apium graveolens) and Chinese cabbage (pak choi, Brassica chinensis) plants treated by prometryn, an herbicide, were qualitatively and quantitatively investigated and compared under hydroponic cultivation. Prometryn and its metabolites released into the nutrient solution were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatograph coupled with orbitrap mass spectrometer to investigate whether this xylem-mobile herbicide is exuded from the roots. The results showed that celery and pak choi had different root exudation profiles. Celery metabolized prometryn to prometryn sulfoxide and released both compounds from the roots. In contrast, pak choi barely metabolized or actively released prometryn from the roots. The concentration of prometryn sulfoxide released from celery after 96 hr was 21 µg/L, which was nearly one-third that of released prometryn. Our results indicate that the root exudation and translocation of xylem-mobile herbicides could be significant in plants and are highly species dependent compared with phloem-mobile herbicides.     

17份食用向日葵杂交种苗期抗旱性综合评价

以17份食葵杂交种为试材,采用1/2 Hoagland营养液水培的方式,以PEG-6000模拟干旱,分析苗期根系形态和生物量对干旱胁迫的响应,并对食葵杂交种的抗旱能力进行综合评价.结果表明:苗期食葵根系形态指标受干旱影响程度要高于生物量,根系形态各指标受干旱影响程度顺序为:根体积>根平均直径>根尖数>总根长>根表面积,...     

不同耐旱性玉米根系解剖结构比较研究

以大田生长的不同耐旱性玉米品种为试验材料,采用徒手切片法和常规石蜡制片法对玉米的初生根和各层次生根的基部、中部和根毛区显微结构进行了系统研究和比较.结果显示:与不酎旱品种玉米的根系相比,耐旱玉米的初生胚根的皮层细胞层数较少,木质部导管数量较多、导管直径较小;各层次生根的皮层细胞层教相对较少,木质部导管数量相对较多,导管直径相对较小.     

毛乌素沙地臭柏、油蒿细根生产动态及影响因子

在毛乌素沙地开发整治研究中心北试实验地选取了七块样地,并依据建群植被外貌特征划分为臭柏群落、臭柏灌丛、油蒿群落三类。用根钻对各样地一个生长季内的根系进行了五次取样,同时测量土壤水分、枝条生长长度、温湿度等一些气象因子。对活细根分级并称干重,发现臭柏、油蒿不同径级细根的季节动态不同,不同土层内相同径级的细根生产动态也不相同:①臭柏与油蒿D≤2 mm的细根生物量在4~5月份都有一个快速增长的阶段,随后增长格局各不相同。②臭柏灌丛中,1 mm相似文献   

南瓜饲养榕树粉蚧的发育历期与生物学特征初报

榕树粉蚧是一种重要的入侵害虫,对果蔬和园林植物存在巨大的潜在威胁.为满足开展检疫处理、防控、生物学和生理学等研究的需要,本研究以南瓜为饲养材料,在室温条件下(26±1℃,RH 65％±5％)观察榕树粉蚧的生物学特性与发育历期.结果 表明,榕树粉蚧具有典型的雌雄二型现象.雄虫主要经历卵、1～2龄若虫、预蛹、蛹、雄成虫阶段...     

生草栽培果园根系生长动态研究

通过对金太阳杏生草(紫花苜蓿)栽培与生长动态的研究表明,金太阳杏新根在1年中有2次明显的生长高峰,1次是在3～4月,占全年的37%以上,第二次在6月中下旬至7月上旬。而紫花苜蓿主要在7月中旬以后,两者在时间尺度也存在有差异,根据金太阳杏新根周年变化特点,掌握2个时期,即3月中旬和6月上中旬。