草胺膦抗性基因bar的原核表达与蛋白质纯化

通过PCR扩增,从pCAMBIA1300-bar质粒中获得bar基因编码区全长,经酶切鉴定和测序后证实,bar基因分离成功。用BamH和Hind酶切,将bar基因与原核表达载体pET28a(+)连接,构建成重组质粒pET28bar。将重组质粒pET28 bar转化大肠杆菌菌株BL21(DE3)后,获得高效表达。SDS-PAGE电泳分析显示,目的蛋白主要以包涵体形式存在,蛋白质分子量约为27 ku。将包涵体离心、洗涤和纯化后,得到高纯度的目的蛋白。该蛋白可以替代植物外源蛋白进行转bar基因产品的食用安全性检测,也可用于转bar基因产品ELISA检测的抗体制备。     

网箱养殖黄颡鱼技术

从水体选择、网箱设置、鱼种放养、饲料投喂、日常管理、疾病防治等方面,扼要介绍了黄颡鱼的水库网箱养殖技术和池塘网箱养殖技术。     

桑沟湾不同养殖区大型底栖动物的群落结构特征

于2016年9月和11月对我国北方典型筏式养殖海湾—桑沟湾的筏式贝藻养殖区和网箱养殖区的大型底栖动物进行调查,研究了桑沟湾不同养殖区大型底栖动物的种类组成、数量分布、群落结构及生物多样性等群落特征,分析了底栖动物与海洋环境因子的关系,以了解养殖活动对大型底栖动物的影响。结果显示,调查共鉴定出大型底栖动物67种,其中,环节动物多毛类36种,软体动物12种,节肢动物门甲壳类和全足类16种,棘皮动物3种。桑沟湾大型底栖动物的优势种主要为多毛类,贝藻区的绝对优势种为刚鳃虫和长叶索沙蚕,网箱区的绝对优势种为异足索沙蚕和多丝独毛虫。生物量和丰度的特性为9月网箱区11月网箱区9月贝藻区,多样性指数的趋势相反。研究表明,底栖动物群落特征与底质有机碳、总磷、硫化物和氧化还原电位等因素有关,桑沟湾大规模养殖活动对底栖动物群落组成和分布产生了一定的影响。     

淡水养殖中华鲟成鱼的3种方式及效果比较

淡水养殖中华鲟成鱼主要有工厂化养殖、网箱养殖和池塘养殖等3种方式。工厂化养殖和网箱养殖中华鲟成鱼的生长速度要明显快于池塘养殖方式,其中网箱养殖的成鱼有最大的相对生长率和瞬时生长率。工厂化养殖中华鲟成鱼需要较大的资金投入和较高的生产运行成本,同等生产规模的投资成本和生产运行成本为网箱养殖的2~3倍,不宜大规模推广,可选择条件适宜的山溪、水库进行自流式流水养殖;网箱养殖投入产出比高,能源消耗少,节约水资源,养殖中华鲟的生长速度、成活率、资金投入的效益等均有较明显的优势,是一种值得提倡和推广的中华鲟成鱼养殖方式。池塘养殖中华鲟成鱼虽然投入和成本低,但养殖成活率低,效果差,不宜大量采用。试验结果表明,工厂化养殖和网箱养殖中华鲟成鱼的单位面积载鱼量均较低,规格1~3kg的个体,养殖时的有效载鱼量控制在10kg·m-2左右较适宜,不宜超过15kg·m-2。     

圆形网箱浮架系统的受力特性研究

运用线性波浪理论和刚体运动学原理,建立了波浪作用下网箱浮架系统的计算模型.在不同波高(H=4.2～7.0 m)和周期(T=7.2、8.6 s)条件下,采用计算机数值模拟方法,分别对浮架系统所受的锚绳力、波浪力以及合力矩进行了数值计算.通过计算结果的比较及分析表明,三者都随波高的增大而有所增大,其中迎浪侧锚绳力和水平波浪力与波高都有显著的正比关系.在各种不同波况下,迎浪侧锚绳力要大于背浪侧锚绳力,水平波浪力要大于垂直波浪力.     

匙吻鲟苗种繁育技术

 匙吻鲟繁育技术要点是“三水一饵”,控制水温、调节水量、培育水质是保证繁育成功的必要条件,提高成活率的关键是投饲高蛋白高能量活饵料并注意及早预防小瓜虫、水霉病。另外,还对亲本鱼选留、培育和匙吻鲟养殖前景进行了展望。     

海水网箱养殖中的排污收费问题研究

网箱养殖是近年来海水养殖业发展的主流趋势,在其带来巨大经济效益的同时,也对周边生态环境造成巨大的威胁和破坏。文章通过探析其经济学原因,提出通过排污收费的手段来解决高密度海水网箱养殖带来的环境问题,并建立确定排污税率标准的模型,以部分黄渤海地区的数据进行实证计算,得出各地区的排污税率以供参考。     

Human Simulated Intelligence Motion Control for Three-link Acrobot on Horizontal Bar

The design of multi-controller and multi-mode control law is presented for the three-link Acrobot on horizontal bar by employing Human simulated intelligent control method based on sensory-motor Schema.Imitated the characteristics of gymnast's swing-up and handstand movement,the control process of robot is divided by six sequence phase.Then the sensory cell and motor cell and the group of sensory-motor schema is designed based on the analysis of quality-quantity combination.The simulation results show that the controller ensures the gesture and the energy to the desired goal,farther more the motion control of giant swing backword is realized in the simulation.     

Culture of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man 1879) in experimental cages in a freshwater eutrophic lake at different stocking densities

Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man 1879) juveniles (0.4 g) were cultured in experimental cages (L × W × H: 2.5 × 1 × 1 m) in Laguna de Bay, the largest lake in the Philippines. The following stocking densities at four replicates each were used: 15, 30, 60 and 90 prawns m⁻² of cage bottom. The mean sizes at harvest after 5 months of culture ranged from 14.3 g for the highest stocking density to 26.3 g for the lowest. The mean size at harvest, daily growth rate and size class distribution were significantly influenced by stocking density, with those at the lowest stocking density showing significantly better growth and overall proportion of larger prawns. Heterogeneous individual growth (HIG) was fairly evident in all treatments. The percentage of blue‐clawed males was not influenced by treatment but the mean weight was significantly higher in the lower stocking densities. Both the percentage and mean weight of berried females were significantly higher in the lowest stocking density. Survival was the highest in the lower stocking densities (55.3%, 54.0%, 52.7% and 36.9% for 15, 30, 60 and 90 prawns m⁻² respectively). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) improved with decreasing stocking density, ranging from 2.1 to 3. As expected, yield per cropping increased with stocking density and ranged from 450 to 1089 g m⁻² yr⁻¹ of actual cage area. Production values obtained in the cage cultured M. rosenbergii were comparable to or even higher than those reported from pond culture, given that the stocking densities used in this study were generally higher than in ponds. The results show that the farming of M. rosenbergii in cages in lakes is a viable alternative to pond culture and has the potential of improve aquaculture production in lakeshore fish farming communities.     

淡水网箱养殖对环境的影响

1我国淡水养殖的现状1.1养殖产量2002年我国水产品总产量为4.56×107t,淡水产品总量为1.92×107t,其中淡水养殖产量为1.69×107t,占淡水产品总量的88.3%[2]。湖北省地处长江中游,洞庭湖以北,境内水系发达,作为我国的渔业大省,它是淡水渔业发展最快,淡水鱼产量最高的省份,其产量