徐州市粮食生产影响因素的定量研究

采用因子分析方法定量分析了建国以来徐州市粮食生产主要因素的影响程度。从主要影响因素来看,徐州市粮食生产可分为1949~1984年单产提高与机械化共同推进阶段,1984~1999年农业资金投入和水利化共同推进阶段,1999~2005年粮播面积与粮食单产共同推进阶段。在此基础上,总结出各要素的"集体效应"是粮食产量提高的关键,并认为适度扩大粮食播种面积、提高粮食单产、提升农业水利化、机械化水平、增加农业投入等是徐州粮食生产的发展趋势。     

Lidocaine effects on corneal endothelial cell ultrastructure

The purpose of this study was to determine whether intracameral commercial lidocaine 2% induces alterations on the rabbit corneal endothelium. Forty white rabbits received different substances inside the anterior chamber: group (G)1, no substance; G2 and G3 received lidocaine 2% with preservative in aqueous solution; G4 and G5, lidocaine 2% with preservative in gel solution; G6 and G7, the anesthetic preservative (metilparahydroxybenzoate 0.1%); and G8 and G9, lidocaine 2% without preservative in aqueous solution. The animals from G2, 4, 6 and 8 were sacrificed after 1 h, and from G3, 5, 7 and 9 after 24 h after injection of the substance inside the anterior chamber. The corneas were clinically evaluated and assessed by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. G1, 2, 6, 7, 8 and 9 animals had very similar characteristics in clinical, ultrastructural and morphometric evaluations; the G3 and G4 animals showed discrete edema and one animal in G5 had intense corneal edema. We conclude that lidocaine 2% with preservative induces few ultrastructural alterations in the corneal endothelial cells.     

Genetic Susceptibility to Rhodococcus equi

Rhodococcus equi pneumonia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neonatal foals. Much effort has been made to identify preventative measures and new treatments for R. equi with limited success. With a growing focus in the medical community on understanding the genetic basis of disease susceptibility, investigators have begun to evaluate the interaction of the genetics of the foal with R. equi. This review describes past efforts to understand the genetic basis underlying R. equi susceptibility and tolerance. It also highlights the genetic technology available to study horses and describes the use of this technology in investigating R. equi. This review provides readers with a foundational understanding of candidate gene approaches, single nucleotide polymorphism‐based, and copy number variant‐based genome‐wide association studies, and next generation sequencing (both DNA and RNA).     

人与家畜戊型肝炎病毒感染的流行病学关联性调查

为探讨人群戊型肝炎病毒(HEV)感染与家畜HEV感染的流行病学关联性,揭示戊型肝炎发病的危险因素,以134例戊型肝炎患者为病例组进行1∶2配对病例对照研究,对收集与家畜相关的卫生行为资料采用多因素COX回归分析戊型肝炎发病的危险因素,同时采集研究现场的家养猪、鸡粪便、猪胆囊、猪肝、环境水样等进行HEV核酸检测,并对病例和猪肝阳性样本进行基因分析。多因素COX回归分析结果显示,猪类接触史(OR=7.21,95%CI:1.65~31.45)、生食瓜果蔬菜史(OR=2.95,95%CI:1.19~7.36)有统计学意义,研究现场的猪粪、猪胆囊、猪肝HEV核酸阳性检出率分别为10.2%、23.5%、30.8%,其余样本均为阴性。人和猪感染的HEV以基因4型为主,核苷酸同源性89.9%~99.3%。结果表明生猪接触史、生食瓜果蔬菜史是戊型肝炎的危险因素,猪胆囊、猪肝的HEV含量高,猪能通过猪粪排出HEV,本地区人源和猪源HEV同源性高,猪是本地人群HEV的重要宿主动物;应结合戊型肝炎的流行特点开展相关防控工作,加强戊型肝炎防控的健康教育和重点人群的保护。     

10岁以上全营养液态配方食品的开发及测试

对以牛奶为基底的10岁以上全营养液态特殊医学用途配方食品进行配方设计和工艺研究,并验证产品保质期内微量营养素的稳定性及人群试饮试验效果。依据《特殊医学用途配方食品通则》确定三大供能物质来源及含量,蛋白质4.0 g/100 mL,脂肪2.3 g/100 mL,碳水化合物8.9 g/100 mL。微量营养素在整个保质期内的含量符合通则的要求,维生素的损失率普遍高于矿物质,其中维生素B₂、维生素C、维生素E和叶酸的损失率最高。人群试饮试验结果显示,连续饮用2 个月后受试者血压、心率、血常规、肝肾功能及心电图均与饮用前无统计学差异,说明产品安全性良好。     

马铃薯机械化播种技术的试验研究

本文对马铃薯机械化播种技术进行了试验研究,系统地论述了马铃薯机械化播种技术的农艺要求,机械规范和种植机械的构造及原理,同时对马铃薯施肥播种机提出几点建议。     

蓄压式共轨喷油器结构参数的数值模拟研究

高压电控共轨喷油系统的高压容积大、油路长,高压泵增压的容积效率低,同时在增压和回油过程中的能量损失较大,系统的安全性也较差,而蓄压式共轨喷油系统能够克服以上缺点。为此,采用数值模拟方法对蓄压式共轨喷油器进行研究,探讨了喷油器主要结构参数对喷射过程的影响,所得结果对蓄压式共轨喷油器的确定和优化具有一定的参考价值。     

ZM系列渠道防渗减压阀的研究和应用

挖方或傍山衬砌的渠道,往往因地下水的挤压使渠底板开裂、鼓泡掉块、翻倒等。为保证渠道稳定,湖南省水科所研制出 ZM 系列渠道防渗减压阀.其基本构造为:在聚氯乙烯硬塑管模内,装入单向排水的逆止阀,管的两端用土工织物封盖。其性能良好,适用范围广,能有效地排除地下水压力对防渗层的破坏,而渠内过水时水流不外渗。