松嫩草地不同植物功能群土壤细菌的碳源利用

基于Biolog-Eco技术,研究了长期受放牧干扰的松嫩草地羊草(Leymus chinensis)、禾草、豆科植物和杂类草4类植物功能群土壤细菌碳源利用规律。结果表明,4类植物功能群土壤细菌碳源利用情况各不相同。其中,杂类草功能群土壤细菌代谢活性最高,其次是禾草功能群、羊草功能群,豆科植物功能群最低。4类植物功能群土壤细菌均对糖类和氨基酸这两类碳源利用较好,对酚酸和胺类这两类碳源利用情况较差。杂类草的Shannon-Wiener指数,Pielou均匀度指数以及Gini多样性指数最高,而豆科的最低。冗余分析(RDA)表明,土壤中全氮和有机质对杂类草及豆科植物功能群土壤细菌碳源利用情况影响较大,电导率、pH以及含水量则对羊草和禾草功能群土壤细菌碳源利用情况影响较大。     

牦牛粪便对高寒草甸群落多样性及生产力的影响

研究了4个不同施牦牛粪便的处理对高寒草句植物群落多样性和生产力的短期影响。结果表明,（1）处理S1,S2和s3的植物群落盖度显著高于对照（SO）（P〈0．05）,各处理的植物群落高度与对照（SO）相比都呈上升趋势,且S3与S0差异显著（P〈0．05）;（2）处理S1、S2和S3的Pielou均匀度指数与sO相比逐渐下降,且S2与sO有显著差异（P〈0．05）。处理S1、s2和S3的Shannon—Wiener物种多样性指数与S0相比逐渐下降,且S2与S0差异极显著（P〈0．01）。而Simpson物种多样性指数的变化则表现为无规律性。（3）施牦牛粪便后植物群落的地上总生物量出现增加趋势,且S2,S3与s0间达到差异显著（P〈0．05）。     

植物蛋白对干酪凝乳特性的影响

研究3种植物蛋白对干酪凝乳特性的影响,从而选出1种最佳的植物蛋白.从3种干酪的凝乳特性(凝乳时间、凝乳强度、乳清OD值)和干酪凝块的质构特性(弹性、黏聚性、咀嚼性)2方面进行对比分析,并对干酪凝块的感官品质进行模糊评判.结果表明:添加豌豆蛋白制得的干酪品质优于其他两种.     

Treatment and outcome of chronic septic tenosynovitis in three horses

Three horses were presented for treatment of chronic infections of the digital flexor tendon sheath. Clinical signs included severe lameness, and heat, pain and swelling of the digital flexor tendon sheath. The horses were treated with surgical lavage of the tendon sheath, systemic and local antibiotics, and analgesics. In each case, resolution of the lameness occurred over weeks to months. Only one horse returned to athletic activity, while the other two became comfortable at pasture. Response to treatment in cases of chronic tenosynovitis may not be as rapid or complete as that reported for acute tendon sheath infections.     

花生与牧草套作的研究

牧草与花生在"5+6"套作的情况下,紫花苜蓿和白三叶对花生的百果重、单株饱果数有一定的抑制作用,多年生黑麦草与鸡脚草对花生的产量和质量影响不大,套作能够使禾草的光合能力、产草量和饲用价值得到显著的提高.     

干草原牧草贮藏碳水化合物含量变化规律的研究

１９９３年在内蒙古正蓝旗于草原对１０种牧草贮藏碳水化合物含量的变化规律进行了研究。在植物生长期内，每１５天采样一次，分析牧草茎基部和根部的总糖和还原糖含量。试验结果表明，牧草在返青时都要消耗贮藏碳水化合物，分蘖后开始积累贮藏碳水化合物，在拔节和抽穗时又要消耗贮藏碳水化合物，开花、结实后又积累贮藏碳水化合物。但有的牧草出现相反的情况。根据牧草贮藏碳水化合物含量变化的规律，作者对合理利用草地提出了一些意见和建议。     

升金湖消落带植被特征及与土壤特性的关系

探讨湖泊湿地土壤特性对植物多样性的影响,对于理解湿地植被分布及功能的维持机制具有重要意义.在安徽升金湖消落带沿水位梯度设立研究样方,测定植物的盖度、地上生物量以及土壤含水量、有机碳、全氮、全磷等指标,并结合Pearson相关性分析、冗余分析(redundancy analysis,RDA)探讨了土壤特性对植物多样性的影响.结果表明,随着地下水位上升,土壤含水量与全氮含量显著增加(P<0.05),土壤有机碳和土壤全磷含量显著降低(P<0.05).土壤有机碳、全磷含量以及C?N与土壤含水量极显著负相关(P<0.001),土壤全氮、N?P以及C?P与土壤含水量极显著正相关(P<0.001).土壤含水量、土壤全氮含量以及C?P和N?P是影响消落带植被物种多样性变化的关键因子,共同解释了变化的91.85％.总之,土壤含水量可以直接影响消落带植物多样性,也可以通过改变土壤中氮元素的转化和磷元素的有效性间接影响物种多样性.     

林麝放牧区野生饲用植物叶营养成分的综合分析

在测定林麝（Moschus berezovskii）喜食野生植物叶的常规养分及矿物质元素的基础上,利用简单线性相关、营养类型及聚类分析,对植物叶成分含量进行了综合分析与归类,以期明析24种野生植物叶的养分含量特点和营养类别,为林麝日粮中青粗料的合理搭配及饲草资源的开发提供参考依据。结果表明,24种植物叶粗纤维(CF)含量均能满足林麝需要;粗蛋白(CP)含量仅构树（Broussonetia papyrifera）、葎草（Humulus scandens）及野桑（Morus alba）能满足其需要;钙含量均超过需要;磷含量部分超过需要;杜仲（Eucommia ulmoides）、苦木（Picrasma quassiodes）、葎草（Humulus scandens）及木姜子（Litsea pungens）等的钙磷比低于7.00,铁、锰含量超过林麝营养需求,铜、锌不足;灰分（Ash）与CP呈显著正相关（P＜0.05）,Ash与无氮浸出物（NEF）呈极显著负相关(P＜0.01）, CF与NEF呈显著负相关（P＜0.05), CP与NEF呈极显著负相关(P＜0.01）;金钱槭（Dipteronia sinensis）、野桑、木姜子C/N均小于3.75,属于N型,葛萝槭（Acer grosseri）C/N为7.27,属于C N型,蛇葡萄、构树、葎草属于灰分 N型,金银忍冬（Lonicera maackii）、铁箍散（Schisandra propinqua var. sinensis）、丛花南蛇藤（Celastrus rosthornianus var.loeseneri）属于NC 灰分型,其余属于N C型;按常规养分含量可将植物叶分为6类,按矿物质元素含量可将植物叶分为7类。     

科尔沁牛春季的牧食行为

2002年春季在内蒙古科左后旗的天然草场上,采用跟群放牧全日观察法,定量研究了自然放牧状态下成年科尔沁牛牧食行为。结果表明,科尔沁牛的平均采食时间为511.36±222.07min,反刍时间为66.38±14.60min,卧息时间为46.50±42.97min,站立时间为10.75±7.98min,游走时间为58.10±20.13min。平均采食速度为62.00±13.04口/分,平均采食量为10.38千克/头·天。对苔草草甸进行的受控放牧试验表明,主要牧草的选择性采食顺序为香茅>蒲公英>马蔺>芦苇>苔草。     

Work-related increases in titer of Campylobacter jejuni antibody among workers at a chicken processing plant in Miyazaki prefecture,Japan, independent of individual ingestion of edible raw chicken meat

Workers in poultry abattoirs may be frequently exposed to Campylobacter jejuni, which is a leading cause of bacterial food poisoning in Japan. The present study was conducted to measure the titers of IgG and IgA antibodies against C. jejuni among 104 female workers in a chicken processing plant in Miyazaki prefecture, Japan. Information regarding habitual ingestion of raw chicken meat and potential occupational risk factors was collected using a questionnaire. Acid extracts of four C. jejuni strains representing the genotypes most dominant in Miyazaki were used as antigens. The levels of both immunoglobulins measured by ELISA were not correlated with ingestion of edible raw chicken meat, the amount consumed in one sitting, or its frequency. Although age was correlated with antibody levels, the length of employment was not. Furthermore, the IgG and IgA levels in workers at the evisceration step were significantly higher than those at other locations in the plant. To identify the bacterial proteins recognized by the workers’ IgG and IgA antibodies, Western blotting followed by LC/MS was conducted. Flagellin was identified as the common protein recognized in the sera of workers for whom ELISA demonstrated both the highest and lowest antibody levels. We concluded that the titers of IgG and IgA against C. jejuni in workers at the processing plant had been increased by occupational exposure to Campylobacter, regardless of raw chicken meat ingestion.