在水稻悬浮细胞系中非亲和白叶枯病菌繁殖受到抑制的现象及其机理的研究

 研究了水稻白叶枯病菌在水稻悬浮细胞系中的繁殖动力学特征以及悬浮细胞胞外液中各类物质对白叶枯病菌繁殖的影响。结果表明,水稻-白叶枯病菌非亲和互作与亲和互作相比病原菌繁殖的数量明显减少。胞外液中粗提蛋白对白叶枯病菌繁殖不具有抑制作用。非亲和互作胞外液中二元酚含量显著增高,并且水稻细胞防卫反应基因的转录和翻译活性明显增强。表明非亲和互作中白叶枯病菌繁殖受到抑制与水稻细胞防卫反应的启动相关。     

低甲醛释放量刨花板用脲醛树脂结构的研究(英文)

本文通过~(13)C NMR研究了脲醛树脂合成新工艺中不同反应阶段时的脲醛树脂的化学结构。研究结果表明脲醛树脂的化学结构主要受甲醛/尿素的摩尔比,pH值、反应温度和反应时间的影响。对脲醛树脂中主要的官能团:游离甲醛、亚甲基、亚甲基醚、Uron等相互关系也进行了研究。指出了生产低甲醛释放量,高力学性能刨花板用脲醛树脂中主要官能团的最佳含量。     

Effects of urea formaldehyde foam soil amendment on growth and response to transient water deficit stress of potted Flindersia schottiana saplings

Hydrocell™is a urea formaldehyde resin foam (UFRF) product used as a soil amendment. It is proposed to improve the physicochemical properties (viz. water relations and aeration) of the plant root zone. Flindersia schottiana is a tree species used in the ornamental horticulture industry. This study investigated the potential of Hydrocell™ [0–50% (v/v) incorporation rates] to promote growth of F. schottiana saplings during containerized nursery production in composted pine bark medium. The growth response of the potted saplings to transient water stress was also assessed. In addition, growth of F. schottiana saplings potted into three different soil types (sand, loam, clay) was assessed in the presence and absence of 30% (v/v) Hydrocell™. Under well-watered conditions in composted pine bark, Hydrocell™ treatments enhanced sapling leaflet numbers, with 30% (v/v) being the most beneficial treatment. However, no consistent significant differential effects of incorporation rate on either plant height or stem diameter were recorded. Extended time to wilting upon withholding irrigation was achieved, with the optimum Hydrocell™ rate being 10% (v/v). Among the three soil types compared, use of 30% (v/v) Hydrocell™ resulted in improved growth of potted F. schottiana saplings in the sand and loam soils, but not in the clay soil. These findings suggest that the UFRF, Hydrocell™, holds limited promise as a soil amendment for trees in the nursery phase. Optimum incorporation rates (v/v) would need to be determined for individual media types, specific irrigation regimes and individual taxa.     

Postharvest physiology of Corchorus olitorius baby leaf growing with different nutrient solutions

The storage at 4°C in darkness of Corchorus olitorius L. baby leaf as a ready-to-eat (RTE) vegetable has been studied for the first time. C. olitorius was cultivated in a floating system with different nutrient solutions: standard (NS100%) or halved (NS50%). Several quality factors of this produce were evaluated during season (spring, summer, autumn) considering treatments and days of storage in order to understand the interactions. During storage, sucrose, total and reducing sugars, nitrate, phenolic compounds, anthocyanins, chlorophylls, and carotenoids were measured. Results showed that chlorophylls decreased by 20–30% for both treatments and the changes were statistically different during spring. Carotenoid content did not change until the end of the storage and values ranged from 0.60 g kg^?1 to 0.75 g kg^?1 fresh weight depending on the season. Phenols and anthocyanins decreased within 10 days: ?40% of phenols and ?50% of anthocyanins, respectively. No interaction between nutrient solutions and storage behaviour was reported. Thus, C. olitorius resulted to be a good source of nutraceutical compounds and it is able to maintain these components during storage. Moreover, the public interest in regards to nutritional and healthy food is rapidly increasing, promoting the discovery of new vegetables, like C. olitorius, for RTE commercialisation.     

甲醛室内扩散的模拟分析

指出了甲醛是典型的室内空气污染物,采用实测值与PHOENICS模拟值进行了比较分析,发现基础数据较准确情况下失真度较小,但实际情况的复杂性会加剧模拟值的误差。对于其中的原因也进行了一般性分析。     

葡萄多糖的提取及含量测定

为研究葡萄多糖的生物活性，对葡萄多糖进行了提取和含量分析测定，用硫酸苯酚法测定含量，表明采用比色法是简便可靠的。     

椰子壳苯酚液化的研究

研究了催化剂种类、浓硫酸催化剂用量、液化反应温度、苯酚与椰子壳质量比、液化反应时间对液化产物残渣率及结合酚的影响。结果表明,浓硫酸是椰子壳液化反应较佳的催化剂;当浓硫酸用量为6%,反应温度为150℃,质量比为4∶1时,液化反应30 min可较好地将椰子壳液化;随着液化反应时间的延长,液化产物结合酚含量上升。     

6种室内观赏植物的甲醛净化效果比较

在自行设计的密闭玻璃箱内,采用熏蒸方法,用浓度分别为0.39,0.47 mg/m3的甲醛对吊兰常春藤,豆 瓣绿,绿萝,龟背竹,袖珍椰子等6 种室内观赏盆栽植物熏蒸24 h,比较这6 种植物的甲醛净化效果,结果表明院6 种 植物均具有净化甲醛的能力在0.47 mg/m3甲醛浓度下6 种植物整体盆栽对甲醛的去除率达33%高于盆栽地上部 分的去除率(14.7%),6 种植物整体盆栽对甲醛去除率从高到低依次为龟背竹,袖珍椰子>吊兰>绿萝>豆瓣绿>常春 藤曰植物盆栽地上部分对甲醛去除率从高到低依次为龟背竹>豆瓣绿>常春藤>袖珍椰子>绿萝>吊兰,盆栽土壤微生 物对甲醛去除最强的是绿萝和袖珍椰子,盆栽消毒土壤对甲醛去除最强的是吊兰。     

-活性炭复合材料吸附及光催化净化甲醛的研究

超临界乙醇条件下制备的TiO2- 活性炭(Sc-TiO2-AC)复合材料,表征了所制备样品的结构,且对样品的吸附及光催化净化甲醛的性能进行了分析.实验表明,在超临界乙醇条件下可快速有效地制备出具很好的光催化与吸附协同效应的Sc-TiO2-AC复合材料.而且协同效应优于活性炭与Sc-TiO2样品的简单混合样品.研究表明产生这一协同效应时,光催化甲醛降解速率加快,同时光催化作用促使被活性炭吸附的污染物向TiO2表面迁移,使活性炭的吸附能力得以恢复,实现原位再生.实验表明,在300 ℃制备的Sc-TiO2-AC复合材料的甲醛去除率最高.300、350和400 ℃时的甲醛去除率在实验进行240 min后分别达到100 %、96 % 和93 %.     

低酚酶活性选择对小麦穗发芽的影响

为探讨小麦抗穗发芽育种新方法,本研究对10个小麦品种(系)连续3代进行了低PPO活性选择,对40份后代品系的整籽粒PPO活性、酚含量、吸水率、穗发芽率以及种皮、胚、胚乳的PPO活性和酚含量进行了测定.结果表明,10个小麦品种(系)的PPO活性随定向选择世代的增加逐渐降低,穗发芽率也逐渐降低,证明了酚酶活性与小麦穗发芽抗性密切相关.选择代数与整籽粒PPO活性、吸水率、穗发芽率、种皮PPO活性、胚PPO活性、胚乳PPO活性呈显著负相关;整籽粒PPO活性、吸水率、穗发芽率、种皮PPO活性、胚PPO活性、胚乳PPO活性相互之间呈正相关;选择代数与整籽粒酚含量、种皮酚含量、胚酚含量、胚乳酚含量无相关性.本研究可为培育抗穗发芽小麦新品种提供依据.