9种观赏植物吸收甲醛能力研究

甲醛是室内空气的主要污染物之一,该试验模拟居室装修后的甲醛污染环境,对9种常见观赏植物进行甲醛熏气处理,测定植物吸收甲醛的能力。试验将植物盆土与茎叶部分隔开,放入自行研制的甲醛熏蒸箱中,测得熏蒸后植物单位叶面积吸收甲醛的量作为指标评价了不同植物对甲醛气体的净化能力,结果显示:所选植物中杏叶梅吸收甲醛的能力最强,而鸟巢蕨吸收甲醛的能力较弱。     

植物生长调节剂研究现状及其在茶树上的应用

植物生长调节剂已广泛应用于农业生产中,它能有效地改善作物生长状况,提高农作物的产量和质量,同时它在农业中应用的安全性也越来越受到重视。文章就近年研究得比较多的植物生长调节剂进行综述,并对其在茶树方面的应用进行了展望。     

/BAC的制备及其性能研究

采用竹活性炭(BAC)作为载体,以尿素为氮源,采用溶胶-凝胶法掺杂了N元素的TiO2/BAC,然后通过等体积浸渍法负载Pt,制备了铂、氮共掺杂型光催化剂(Pt/N/TiO2/BAC)。样品的N2吸附、XRD、FT-IR、XPS等分析结果表明:掺杂后BAC的比表面积、比孔容积等均有所下降,对中孔及大孔影响更明显;Pt、N共掺杂不改变TiO2的晶型类型,有利于TiO2在活性炭表面分散,N掺杂使晶粒粒径减小,Pt掺杂对晶粒粒径影响不明显;N、Pt通过化学键与TiO2相结合,实现了晶格掺氮,在催化剂表面形成了表面活性位Pt0。样品TiO2/BAC、Pt/TiO2/BAC、N/TiO2/BAC、Pt/N/TiO2/BAC在紫外光、氙灯照射下对水溶液中甲醛的降解研究结果表明:N掺杂拓宽了催化剂的光吸收范围,Pt掺杂增强了TiO2的光催化活性;Pt/N/TiO2/BAC的甲醛去除率达到TiO2/BAC的2.6倍,并且具有良好的分离性能。     

杨木微细纤丝的制备及用于秸杆纤维板的浸渍处理

为了改善秸杆纤维板的尺寸稳定性,将制备的杨木微细纤丝悬浮液,与三聚氰胺树脂混合后,应用于秸秆纤维板的浸渍处理。试验结果表明:采用高压均质器制备杨木微细纤丝悬浮液是可行的;浸渍处理可以提高秸秆纤维板的增重率和阻湿率;在本试验范围内,微细纤丝悬浮液的质量分数愈高、浸渍时间愈长,秸秆纤维板的增重率和阻湿率亦愈高。     

竹材加工剩余物液化及液化产物制备发泡树脂的工艺研究

采用苯酚和聚乙二醇-400复合液化试剂,对竹材加工剩余物进行液化和液化产物的树脂化试验。采用单因素法,探讨主要工艺因素对液化效果及对树脂性能的影响,得到竹材酚醇复合液化工艺及树脂化工艺的优化参数。利用液化产物制备的树脂,可用于制造建筑用发泡材料,提高竹材加工剩余物的附加值。     

酶法提高蓝莓果花色苷与总酚溶出率的工艺条件研究

比较了纤维素酶、果胶酶以及复合果汁酶对蓝莓果浆的酶解效果,确定果汁酶具有最佳的提高花色苷及总酚溶出率的能力。通过单因素试验及正交试验,确定最佳酶解条件为酶添加量0.2 g/L,酶解温度60℃,酶解时间60 min。经酶解后的蓝莓果清汁中花色苷质量浓度达到410 mg/L,花色苷的提取率达到14.1%,较未经酶处理蓝莓果清汁中花色苷的提取率提高了2.17倍;总酚质量分数达到175.1 mg/100 g,提取率达到21.8%,较未经酶处理蓝莓果清汁中总酚的提取率提高了1.95倍。     

Close linkage of a blast resistance gene,Pias(t), with a bacterial leaf blight resistance gene,Xa1-as(t), in a rice cultivar ‘Asominori’

It has long been known that a bacterial leaf blight-resistant line in rice obtained from a crossing using ‘Asominori’ as a resistant parent also has resistance to blast, but a blast resistance gene in ‘Asominori’ has not been investigated in detail. In the present study, a blast resistance gene in ‘Asominori’, tentatively named Pias(t), was revealed to be located within 162-kb region between DNA markers YX4-3 and NX4-1 on chromosome 4 and to be linked with an ‘Asominori’ allele of the bacterial leaf blight resistance gene Xa1, tentatively named Xa1-as(t). An ‘Asominori’ allele of Pias(t) was found to be dominant and difference of disease severity between lines having the ‘Asominori’ allele of Pias(t) and those without it was 1.2 in disease index from 0 to 10. Pias(t) was also closely linked with the Ph gene controlling phenol reaction, suggesting the possibility of successful selection of blast resistance using the phenol reaction. Since blast-resistant commercial cultivars have been developed using ‘Asominori’ as a parent, Pias(t) is considered to be a useful gene in rice breeding for blast resistance.     

国内木材工业中低毒脲醛树脂研究进展

介绍了当前通过降低摩尔比、改进工艺条件或使用改性剂等方法降低木材工业用脲醛树脂胶中游离甲醛含量或其生产的人造板甲醛释放量的最新进展情况。     

三倍体毛白杨及杉木苯酚液化物的结构分析

为搞清酸性条件下三倍体毛白杨和杉木苯酚液化物的结构,该研究对两种木材分别进行了液化处理,并对液化物进行了傅立叶转换红外光谱（FTIR）、核磁共振光谱（1H-NMR、13C-NMR和31P-NMR）以及电子扫描电镜（SEM）的测定分析.FTIR和NMR的分析结果表明,液化后的毛白杨和杉木均发生了结构上的明显变化,出现了纤维素和木素的基本活性结构单元,表明液化处理使木材发生了降解、酚化等化学反应.SEM测定结果表明,木材液化物中含有未完全液化的微小木材组织碎片,两种木材液化物中残存的这种物质的大小存在差异.      

The phenol red thread tear test in large Psittaciformes

OBJECTIVE: To develop a standard method for measuring tear production in large Psittaciformes using the phenol red thread (PRT) tear test. To establish mean PRT tear test values in clinically normal pet birds and to assess the reproducibility of the test. ANIMALS: Two geographically distinct populations of healthy, large Psittaciformes (pilot study and study population). Species groups include: cockatoo (17), macaw (22), Amazon (10), African gray (1), eclectus (1) and pionus (1). PROCEDURE: The PRT was placed under the upper eyelid and both eyelids were held closed throughout the test. The PRT tear test was repeated after 2 months in the pilot study and after approximately 5 min in the study population. RESULTS: The mean PRT tear test values for the pilot study were OD=28.2 mm/15 s (+/- 6.3 mm), OS=24.1 mm/15 s (+/- 6.6 mm) and OD=25.4 mm/15 s (+/- 3.3 mm), OS=25.5 mm/15 s (+/- 5.2 mm), for the first and second visits respectively. The mean PRT tear test value for the study population was: OD=19.8 mm/15 s (+/- 4.3 mm), OS=20.1 (+/- 3.9 mm) and OD=20.0 mm/15 s (+/- 4.5 mm), OS=19.1 mm/15 s (+/- 3.3 mm), for the first and second tests respectively. There was poor repeatability between tests. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that the PRT tear test is a practical method for measuring tear production in large Psittaciformes, although adaptations to the established diagnostic method are necessary to overcome some anatomical differences present in birds. Good reproducibility of the PRT tear test could not be demonstrated in a clinically normal population of birds but geographic location appears to significantly influence results.