不同生态环境下散养鸡寄生虫区系调查

对榆林市不同生态环境下散养鸡的寄生虫进行比较详细的调查.发现鸡寄生虫14种,隶属8科10属,其中外寄生虫6种,分别属于3科5属,鸡内寄生虫8种,分别属于5科5属,其中线虫5种,绦虫3种,吸虫1种.分析了各类虫种的感染率、感染强度及优势虫种,并对不同生态环境下的鸡寄生虫感染情况进行了分析对比;在调查寄生虫感染原因的基础上,提出了防制措施.     

A case-control study to identify farm factors affecting fertility of dairy herds: univariate description of factors

Objective To identify farm factors which were associated with reproductive performance in dairy herds in New South Wales.
Procedure A survey was administered by face to face interview to examine the responses of producers drawn from 757 herds, which used the New South Wales Agriculture Department Dairy Herd Improvement scheme. A case-control approach was used to select a total of 126 herds from the first (top group - cases) and fourth quartiles (low group - controls) for intercalving interval.
Results We found that the estimated interval from calving to first mating was significantly different between groups (P = 0.03) and that the groups significantly differed in both their target for interval to first mating (P = 0.02) and their perceived optimum time for first mating (P = 0.04). Other factors associated with a longer intercalving interval included, use of embryo transfer programs (P = 0.08), younger managers (P = 0.02), fewer breedings per day (P = 0.01), a greater number of people detecting heats (P = 0.07), but less hours spent detecting heats while handling the cows (P = 0.11), and a failure to vaccinate bulls for campylobacteriosis (P = 0.14).
Conclusions Managers of herds with poorer reproductive performance did not intend to mate cattle as soon after calving as managers with better reproductive performance, were not as active in seeking veterinary advice on reproduction, and were attempting to treat reproductive diseases and disorders themselves.     

林区道桥工程的时代新技术影响与机遇

从宏观视角，针对林区道桥工程时代新技术影响，分析提出了“两大三高”特征、个性化、虚拟工作平台等问题，以及带给道桥工程专业人员的挑战与机遇。     

壶瓶山自然保护区华南虎野外调查及栖息地评价

湖南省壶瓶山是森林和野生动物类型的国家级自然保护区,是近几年发现华南虎Panthera tigris amoyensis证据较多的区域.中美华南虎联合调查队于2001年10～12月采用访问调查法、样带调查法、痕迹调查法和红外线自动照相技术等目前国际国内通用的方法和技术,对该保护区进行了调查.此次调查虽未得到华南虎存在的确切证据,但较系统地调查了该区域的生境状况,初步评价了华南虎的生存环境.该区域历史上是华南虎分布较多的区域.经分析,目前仍具备华南虎生存的基本条件,是以后实施华南虎重引入工程较为理想的试验基地.表2参13     

校园植物信息的数字化采集与校园植物电子杂志的制作——以内蒙古大学创业学院为例

为了深入了解内蒙古大学创业学院校园植物资源情况,并利用校园资源丰富《生态学》课程教学,通过实地调查统计、文献调查、植物志检索结合的方法,对学院校园植物的种类、数量、分布及植物相关情况进行系统的调查研究,整理出本校的植物名录,并制作植物检索表,且制作了基于二维码技术的内蒙古大学创业学院校园植物电子杂志。经调查统计得岀,截至2019年6月31日,内蒙古大学创业学院校园现有植物22科37属41种,其中裸子植物5种,被子植物36种.草本19种,乔木12种,灌木8种,藤本2种。目前,校园植物资源主要是作为园林观赏美化环境使用,在营造校园文化、创建地域特色、完善相关课程建设等方面的价值还有待挖掘,具有较大的开发潜力。校园植物不仅是作为景观资源来使用,也能与相关学科的教学、植物相关知识的普及联系起来,发挥出更大的作用。     

森林资源二类调查中小班区划方法研究

通过对森林资源二类调查中小班区划方法进行改进得到连续小班区划方法 ,试验证明这种方法可以节省大量野外调查时间 ,大幅度提高小班界线区划的准确性 ,使小班界线相对稳定 ,调查成果可提供落实到山头地块的森林资源现状和动态变化数据及图面材料     

Predicting regeneration establishment in Norway spruce plantations using a multivariate multilevel model

This study predicts the regeneration establishment on 3-year-old Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) plantations in southern Finland using regeneration survey data. Regeneration establishment was described by seven response variables: number of planted spruces, natural Scots pines (Pinus sylvestris L.), natural spruces, natural seed-origin birches (Betula pubescens Ehrh. and B. pendula Roth.) and other broadleaves (i.e. sprout-origin birches and other broadleaves than birch), as well as height of crop-tree spruce and dominant height of broadleaves. Due to the multivariate (several responses for each plot) and multilevel (plot, stand, municipality, forest centre) structure, regeneration establishment was modelled by fitting a multivariate multilevel model with explanatory variables such as temperature sum, site fertility, soil quality and method of site preparation. In the model, the numbers of tree seedlings were modelled using over-dispersed Poisson distributed equations, and the tree heights were modelled using normally distributed linear equations. The estimated fixed and random parameters of the equations were logical, and there was no serious bias in predicting the regeneration establishment in the independent test data set. This modelling approach can be used to predict the regeneration establishment stochastically by taking into account the large unexplained variation in regeneration models.     

杨树新品种生长情况调查

本文对杨树新品种西+加、小×黑、三北1号、中绥12号苗期生长情况和29a生西+加、北京杨生长情况进行了调查分析,认为西+加生长性能最佳,可在造林中推广应用。     

Conducting surveys on forestry attitudes and practices in Leyte communities,Philippines: Experiences and lessons learnt

A survey of forestry practices and attitudes was undertaken in four communities in Leyte, the Philippines, to improve understanding of the social and economic factors affecting small-scale forestry development. The survey had three main data collection activities — initial focus group discussions (FGDs), household interviews, and reporting and validation FGDs. A team of enumerators was selected for household interviews which consisted of both males and females, to avoid potential problems of unwillingness of people to talk with those of the opposite gender. The interviewers were also required to be able to speak local dialects (Cebuano and Waray Waray), the survey questionnaires being administered in these dialects. Various methods were used to gain the support and assistance of local government units and barangay captains. Some difficulty was experienced by the survey team in the first community due to barangay elections at the time of the survey, and the requirement by the University of Queensland Ethics Committee that respondents sign a consent form. This requirement was found to be not culturally appropriate for the Leyte smallholder communities. Offering goods at the end of the interview was found to be of limited value for encouraging participation in the survey. Provision of food and drinks were found to encourage FGD participants to express their views, but too much alcohol had a negative effect. The importance of providing comprehensive feedback to respondents and involving them and other stakeholders in development of policy recommendations was apparent. These survey experiences provide valuable insights which are not generally available in textbooks on sample surveys, and provide lessons for planning and conducting smallholder community survey into natural resource management issues.     

应用微机对TM图像进行森林资源分类的研究

遵义地区地形破碎,地貌很复杂,同谱异物、同物异谱现象较严重,地类界限不明显,而且只有一景单时相(质量7分)的TM数据,在微机上以计算机分类对遵义地区进行森林资源遥感图像分类。通过研究波段的选择、样地参数测算、图像的光谱特征、训练样地的选择和分类方法的选择,提出了可实际应用的技术方法,并全部由微机实现,得出了定量结果和分色图件。