草花育苗大棚定时灌溉系统研制

研究了采用DS12C887提供实时时钟、单片机AT89S51进行控制的草花育苗大棚灌溉系统.该控制系统采用模块化的设计,把时钟单元设计成了一个单独的模块,这样可以向任意多的定时单元提供实时时钟信号,所以控制系统有很好的扩展性,可以根据大棚的数目来扩展控制器的数目.通过现场调试,其运行满足实际要求.     

寒地多年生麦草新种质的形态学分析与细胞学检测

为丰富北方寒地牧草品种,选育适合北方寒冷地区种植的优势牧草,以八倍体小偃麦(Trititrigia)与中间偃麦草(Thinopyrum intermedium)杂交后代选育的10份寒地多年生麦草新种质为材料,借助我国东北哈尔滨地区的气候特点,对其进行形态学分析和细胞学鉴定。结果表明:10份材料田间自然生长年限超过3a,均具有抗寒性和多年生特性,可在哈尔滨地区-30℃环境下安全过冬;根系发达,除2个株系8LF2 1-1-4和11LF3 1-1-4外,其他株系具有地下茎。植株生长繁茂,有5个株系总分孽数超过40,2个株系穗长超过24cm。株系11LF3 1-1-4和11LF4 1-18-1结实率平均值在80%以上,远高于亲本中间偃麦草;10份材料种子发芽率在60%~90%;株系5Q10L1-18-1茎秆干重可达1.7kg·m~(-2)。10个株系根尖体细胞染色体为42条,遗传稳定,植株均表现抗旱、抗寒,抗病等特性。本研究可为北方寒地的牧草选育提供理论和材料基础。     

在重庆市涪陵区后山发展球根花卉产业的适应性研究——以涪陵区大木花谷为例

分析重庆市涪陵区种植球根花卉的优势所在和效益,并提出发展球根花卉产业的方向和困难。     

Systemic View on Heading and Overwintering: Are They Always Opposed?

The study investigated the cultivars of non‐obligatorily requiring vernalization plant Festulolium braunii and assessed the influence of non‐hardy reproductive and hardy vegetative structures on overwintering effect. The study was conducted taking into account systemic relations between these types of structures. The results show the cultivars differ according to the percentage of headed and overwintered plants, when the cultivars with the most abundant heading – ‘Felopa’ and ‘Sulino’ – are also better at overwintering. The positive correlation between heading and overwintering characteristics was also observed, what seemed to be a rather new finding. It can be explained by systemic effect: non‐hardy later reproductive structures induce the post‐generative regrowth of vegetative shoots, which during shorter days halt development and become potentially hardy. More detailed interpretation is also provided including discussion of causal mechanisms of the detected phenomenon. The authors suppose that these mechanisms constitute a survival strategy for such perennial plants. The observed late heading which represents reproductive structures could be applied in plant breeding as a marker of winter‐hardiness among perennial grass plants which non‐obligatorily demand vernalization.     

长春市花卉业发展的展望

分析了长春市花卉业的现状、水平及发展化卉业的条件及优势。讨论了长春市发展花卉产业的基本设想和对策。     

Mechanisms conferring resistance of Western flower thrips to bendiocarb

Mechanisms associated with bendiocarb resistance were examined in two strains of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), that differed in their susceptibility to this carbamate by 13.6-fold. No appreciable differences between the two strains in [¹⁴C] bendiocarb penetration and excretion were detected; however, bendiocarb was metabolised substantially faster by the resistant KCM thrips than by the more susceptible UMC thrips. No appreciable difference between the two strains was found in the sensitivity of acetylcholinesterase activity to inhibition by bendiocarb. It was concluded that bendiocarb resistance in KCM western flower thrips was due to enhanced metabolism that probably was mainly oxidative in nature.     

磷对板栗结实性能及产量的影响

试验结果表明,磷对板栗(Castanea mollissima Blume)雌花的形成数量有重要影响,结果母枝含磷量与母枝抽生结果枝数量和着生雌花数量呈显著正相关。板栗结果母枝含磷量比雄花母枝和营养枝分别高5.19％和5.27％。树体磷素含量水平与板栗雌、雄花枝比例和结果枝结栗苞数量也存在密切的相关性。在不同施磷水平下,结果枝粗度与果枝结栗苞数均具有显著的回归关系,但b值差异大。本研究结果在鄂东大别山区进行了大面积施磷肥示范,生产实践证明,施磷肥对板栗具有一致的增产效益。     

花卉常规杂交育种的研究进展

本对花卉育种的历史和花卉常规常规杂交育研究进展及各种杂交技术方法进行综述。花卉常规杂交育种的应用领域人：（1）培育花色、花型和香味等观赏性状更加新颖的品种；（2）改变花期；（3）提高花卉适应性和抵抗病虫害能力。并对花卉常规杂交育种未来的研究方向作了展望。     

高寒地区多年生禾草混播草地种间竞争效应分析

从高寒地区3组分禾草混播草地群落的种问竞争机制出发,建立了适合高寒地区3组分禾草混播草地群落种间竞争机制的Lotka—Volterra竞争效应模型,并对该模型所描述的竞争进行了计算机模拟试验。模拟结果表明,试验所选的3种高寒地区3组分禾草混播草群的种间相容性分为两种类型,即不稳定的群落：多叶老芒麦 无芒雀麦 垂穗披碱草和垂穗披碱草 多叶老芒麦 扁穗冰草,其竞争结局是：群落内多叶老芒麦和垂穗披碱草二者共同表现为优势种群,无芒雀麦或扁穗冰草与优势植物的竞争结果将导致其从群落中消失,多叶老芒麦和垂穗披碱草种群将能稳定共存;不稳定-稳定过渡群落：无芒雀麦 多叶老芒麦 扁穗冰草,在没有多叶老芒麦种群的时候,无芒雀麦和扁穗冰草种群可以共存,但是如果多叶老芒麦种群加入无芒雀麦和扁穗冰草所占的区域,它将导致无芒雀麦和扁穗冰草种群趋于灭绝。通过对3个混播试验组计算机模拟竞争模型的竞争效应分析,其结果与方法对科学建植同类型的多年生混播人工草地具有一定的指导意义。     

不同生育时期白三叶与黑麦草的化感作用研究

试验用分枝期,开花期和成熟期的白三叶品种海法以及分蘖期,孕穗期和成熟期的2个黑麦草品种顶峰、英斯派的根水浸提液处理,按照培养皿砂培的生物检测方法对白三叶和黑麦草的化感作用进行研究。结果表明:分枝期白三叶根浸体液对顶峰的发芽率具有显著的抑制作用,对顶峰苗长具有极显著抑制作用,抑制率分别为90.72%、48.61%;开花期白三叶根浸提液对顶峰及英斯派的发芽率、英斯派根长及顶峰根干重均具有极显著的抑制作用,抑制率分别为35.14%、36.17%、69.18%、68.34%,对英斯派的根干重具有显著的抑制作用,抑制率为49.52%;成熟期白三叶的根浸提液对3个受体的发芽率及根长均具有极显著的促进作用,分别比对照提高67.09%、54.21%、69.21%及93.08%、93.14%、93.04%,对顶峰的根干重具有极显著的促进作用,与对照相比提高了85.42%;顶峰及英斯派是他感作用大于自毒作用的黑麦草品种,且在分蘖期及孕穗期,黑麦草不同品种的根浸提液都显著的抑制了白三叶的干物重。