寒冷地区草原有毒有害牧草监测与防治

草原是内蒙古地区草食畜牧养殖产业健康发展的基础,同时也是优质牧草的主要来源。有毒有害牧草生长扩散预示着草场退化,对当地草食畜牧养殖产业健康发展会造成毁灭性打击。有毒有害植物生长发育,不仅会危害牲畜健康且还会严重消耗土壤的水分和养分,妨碍优良牧草繁殖生长,使草场产量和质量显著下降。在长时间草场利用过程中,很多农牧民群众只注重索取,不注重生态环境保护,使草场生产能力和抵抗能力逐渐变差,给有毒有害牧草繁殖生长提供了条件。因此需要加强寒冷地区草原有毒有害牧草的监测,并采取针对性措施进行防控,降低发病率。该文主要探讨内蒙古呼伦贝尔市寒冷地区草原有毒有害牧草的种类,并提出相应的防治措施。     

Changes in the blood lactate dehydrogenase measurements in canines and felines following the international standardization of the assay method

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in blood is measured using the Japanese Society of Clinical Chemistry (JSCC) method in Japan and the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC) method in other countries. In human clinical practice, the IFCC method replaced the JSCC method due to international standardization. Moreover, veterinary LDH measurement will also eventually shift to the IFCC method. However, the relationship between the IFCC and JSCC methods for LDH in various animals and whether they can be equated or not have not yet been investigated. This study aimed to present the changes in measurements in canines and felines after switching to the IFCC method. The plasma LDH activity of canines (N=177) and felines (N=115), who visited a secondary care veterinary clinic, was measured using the JSCC and IFCC methods. The IFCC/JSCC ratio was <1.0 in 85% of canines and 88% of felines, indicating that the IFCC method tended to show lower values than the JSCC method, presumably because LDH5 is dominant among the LDH isozymes in canines and felines. The increase in the systematic errors of both assays was in the high value range, with some samples exceeding the error tolerance from near the upper end of the reference range. When switching to the IFCC method for LDH measurement in canines and felines, each institution should consider whether the reference range and clinical diagnostic values established by the JSCC method are appropriate for continued use.     

W-OH新材料特性及在青海湖周边地区沙化地植生固沙中的应用

W-OH是一种新型的化学植生固沙材料,通过室内试验及青海湖周边地区的不同处理方式植生固沙试验表明,3%～5%浓度的W-OH材料在抗冻、抗压、抗拉、抗紫外线等性能均能达到青海湖周边地区植生固沙的要求,在处理方式喷涂W-OH+沟处理试验中取得了良好的植被恢复和治沙效果,适合在青海湖周边地区类似条件的地区进行推广应用。     

德系安哥拉兔的生长特性

德系安哥拉兔不仅以产毛量高、毛质好而著称,而且有生长迅速、体成熟早、体型大的特点。六月龄时已达成年体重的87.37％。母兔的初配可在此时进行,公兔可延迟一个月配种。四月龄与六月龄体重和成年体重的相关系数分别为0.505与0.508,这为德系安哥拉兔体重的早期选择提供了有利时机。     

内蒙古典型草原草畜系统适宜放牧率的研究Ⅰ.以绵羊增重及经济效益为管理目标

(1)绵羊个体增重与放牧率呈线性负相关,个体最大增重临界放牧率,因季节不同而变化,随着个体增重与放牧率回归系数b绝对值的增大而降低,以始、终放牧期间所得临界放牧率最小,(2.04羊/hm²)。(2)公顷增重与放牧率的关系符合二次曲线,在达到公顷最大增重以前,随着放牧率的增大而增大,之后则随着放牧率的增大而下降,平均543羊/hm²。(3)公顷最大增重并不一定获取公顷最大利润,主要视买卖价格及其差值而定。(4)以冷蒿小禾草为主的退化草原,宜以个体最大增重的适宜放牧率作为管理标准,以使该类草原在利用中得以恢复。     

Evaluation of the germ plasm collection of safflower,Carthamus tinctorius L. VII. Variability of capitulum width and outer involucral bracts' dimensions

Summary A germ plasm collection of safflower, Carthamus tinctorius L., with about 900 lines from over twenty countries was evaluated in Utah, USA for head width and outer involucral bracts (OIB) dimensions, traits affected by both human and natural selection. The regional germ plasm pools contained considerable variability for these traits. Plants bearing short or long as well as narrow or wide OIB were well adapted. Geographical clines were detected for the means of OIB dimensions, indicating possible gene flow. The correlations of the OIB dimensions with yield, yield components, oil content and growing period were not instructive and at times very inconsistent. Primary head diameter varied considerably within the regional gene pools. Its correlations with yield/plant, number of heads/plant, seed weight and oil content were inconsistent. Capitulum width was positively and significantly correlated with the number of seeds per head. Head diameter, however, can vary considerably without affecting seed yield per unit area.     

Seedling emergence,coleoptile length,and plant height relationships in crosses of dwarf and standard-height wheats

Summary Seedling emergence was closely correlated with coleoptile length and plant height among parents, F₂ and F₃, populations of crosses involving dwarf wheats Olesen Dwarf (CI 14497), Norin 10 derivative D6301, Tom Thumb derivative D6899, and the standard-height varieties Ramona 50 and Nainari 60. Genetic mechanisms that governed plant height also influenced coleoptile length, but the relative effects of genes showing dominant or epistatic effects appeared to be different. With respect to the two parents involved in each of 15 crosses, mean F₂ coleoptile lengths were consistently closer to the low parent value than were corresponding mean F₂ plant heights. A slight curvilinear relationship was also found between coleoptile length and plant height of F₃ lines. The results suggest that selection of semidwarf wheats with long coleoptiles and improved emergence properties from crosses involving the dwarf wheats of this study would be unlikely.     

歙县枇杷产业化的发展与对策

主要介绍了枇杷的生物学特性和营养价值、药用价值,在分析了歙县枇杷生产现状的基础上,指出了歙县枇杷产业化发展存在的问题,并提出了发展枇杷产业需要通过采取适度规模化生产、合理品种组成、加强产后服务、实现产品深加工和综合利用等对策。     

营林技术对林业有害生物的控制效果探析

指出了作为生态环境的主体,在环境保护过程中,森林资源发挥着关键性的作用。然而,随着社会经济的不断发展,对森林资源的乱砍滥伐现象也变得越来越严重,这就威胁了人们的生存与发展。因此,加强林业资源的保护具有重要的现实意义。基于此,围绕营林技术进行了分析,就其对林业有害生物的控制效果进行了探究,提出了相应的对策。