风切变下塔影效应对大型水平轴风力机气动性能的影响

以NH1500三叶片上风向型水平轴风力机为研究对象,基于CFD方法分析了风剪切来流下塔影效应对风力机叶片与风轮的气动载荷、空间流场的影响.结果表明:对于风剪切条件下有/无塔架的2种模型,叶片表面压力分布的差异主要体现在前缘和吸力面;在1个旋转周期内,有塔模型的载荷波动幅值大于无塔的风轮模型,风轮的载荷波动幅值相对于单支...     

冷却塔的选择与评定

正确选择冷却塔容量对生产至关重要，利用台顶式冷却塔装置进行试验分析，可掌握各运行参数间的相互关系。对于合理选择冷却塔有所帮助。为了正确评定冷却塔性能，建议制造厂通过试验提供成套性能曲线。若条件尚未充分具备，则可用文中提及的方法实测评定。     

蜡蚧轮枝菌对桃蚜的室内毒力测定研究

[目的]筛选对桃蚜侵染致病力强的蜡蚧轮枝菌菌株,为该菌的进一步开发利用奠定基础.[方法]采用波特喷雾塔测定法,测定来源于俄罗斯的6株蜡蚧轮枝菌菌株对桃蚜的侵染致死情况.[结果]高浓度处理（＞1×106孢子/ml）,多数菌株在第5、6天达到死亡高峰;第7天结束观察时,所测定各菌株的最高浓度处理（1×108孢子/ml）若蚜校正死亡率均达到95％以上.V3、V4菌株在该浓度下致死中时间分别为4.25和4.11 d.[结论]参试菌株对桃蚜均表现出较高的致病性,V3、V4菌株为更优良的备用菌株.     

风电机组用混凝土塔架结构形式的探讨

针对风电机组用预应力钢筋混凝土塔架和钢筋混凝土塔架两种结构形式,采用有限元方法,借助于大型通用商业软件ANSYS的有限元分析平台,进行强度及抗裂性能分析比较,从而得出预应力钢筋混凝土结构在高耸重载结构中性能明显优于钢筋混凝土结构的结论,进而为其在风力发电机塔架结构中的应用提供依据。     

Fatigue Life Analysis of Tower Crane’s Steel Structure with Finite Element Method

A new method was presented which was based on finite element method to predict the fatigue life of tower crane's steel structure. With the method, the finite element model of tower crane was developed and the static stress was calculated. And then time history was defined. It was found that there were two main types of fatigue loads acting on tower crane, which were the amplitude load and the impact load. For the amplitude load, a method with field observation and statistical method was proposed and it was found that the frequency of the trolleyjib slipping the stride on the orbit and the beam's coordinate showed statistically normal distributions. And time history of amplitude load was calculated with one day as a cycle. For impact load, taking transient response method, the relationship between internal stress and time was established for main working conditions and the time history was obtained. Taking the static stress of tower crane, time course of amplitude load and time history of impact load as inputs, the fatigue life of steel structure was obtained with the software of MSC.FATIGUE.      

水体-结构-地基耦联的泵站出水塔地震响应分析

泵站出水塔是一种连接泵站压力管道和下游输水渡槽的塔式结构,为保证结构安全运行,有必要对其进行地震响应分析。该文以景泰川二期六泵站出水塔为研究对象,考虑流固耦合效应,依据弹性波理论,建立出水塔结构无质量地基模型和粘弹性边界模型,进行出水塔体系有无水体2种工况下的研究,根据泵站出水塔现场实测数据,提取结构的固有工作频率,并与流固耦合模型干湿模态结果进行对比分析,验证所建流固耦合模型的合理性及流体对出水塔体系的影响。分别对无质量地基模型与粘弹性边界模型进行地震波输入,对比分析相应的动力响应,探讨水体-结构-地基耦联系统相互作用的影响规律。研究表明:出水塔结构工作基频为3.3 Hz;结构内水体降低出水塔的固有频率,增加出水塔的地震响应,在进行地震计算分析时,不应忽略;粘弹性边界模型在地震计算中能够考虑辐射阻尼效应,与无质量地基模型计算结果相比,出水塔特征点的位移响应最大值降低38.5%,应力幅值降低37.8%,因此地基建议选用粘弹性边界。研究成果可为后续出水塔结构模态辨识及地震分析提供理论指导。     

Evaluation on Air Environment of a Large Tower Type Cowshed for Dairy Cattle in Northern China

In this study, the air environment quality indicators of a large tower type cowshed for dairy cattle in North China were monitored and evaluated at all seasons of one year, including the indicators of thermal environment, the content of ammonia (NH₃), carbon dioxide (CO₂), microbe and the dust in the air. The objective was to study the change rules of the mentioned indicators, to evaluate whether this type of cowshed could meet the production requirements, and to provide theoretical basis for the design and daily management of the cowshed in the Northern region of China. The results showed that all the indicators mentioned above varied with seasons and time to some extent. The wind speed inside was below the standard of dairy cattle cowshed in summer, and the temperature in 14∶00 of summer was above 27 ℃, and THI was beyond 69, so the dairy cattle suffered slight heat stress in summer. The other air environment quality indicators monitored in any time and any space all met the standard. In conclusion, the tower type cowshed monitored was suitable for dairy cattle in North China, but some facilities should be added to decrease the temperature and the heat stress in summer.     

北方地区大型钟楼式奶牛舍空气环境的评价

试验对北方地区某大型钟楼式奶牛舍一年内不同季节舍内、外的空气环境指标,包括温热环境指标、CO₂和NH₃含量、空气中的粉尘和微生物含量进行测定,旨在了解其变化规律,评价其是否满足奶牛健康生产的要求,以便为北方地区奶牛舍的设计和日常管理提供理论依据。结果表明,所测指标随季节或时间均呈现出一定的变化规律;所监测奶牛舍夏季舍内风速低于标准,中午（14∶00）舍内温度超过27 ℃,温湿指数（THI）>69,奶牛在夏季产生轻度的热应激;除此以外,在不同时间、不同位点监测的其他各项空气环境指标均符合奶牛的饲养标准。综合测定结果,试验所监测的钟楼式奶牛舍较适合北方地区的奶牛养殖,但建议增加防暑降温措施,以减少奶牛在夏季产生的热应激。     

输电塔-螺旋锚基础-土体系相互作用的侧向分析

提出了侧向风荷载作用下输电塔—螺旋锚基础—土体系相互作用分析的简化计算模型,推导出刚度矩阵方程,编制了计算程序,并对某一具体输电塔进行了计算,按考虑与不考虑相互作用两种情况进行了对比分析。     

浅谈中国古代宗教建筑——伊斯兰教建筑

本文通过实例阐述了中国古代宗教建筑——伊斯兰教建筑两个系统的发展、构成及特色。