文昌鱼类弹性蛋白的组织化学研究

用组织化学的方法对文昌鱼鱼体各段连续切片进行检测，发现其口须支持骨骼及鳃弓骨骼中存在VIH染色阳性物质。再用弹性蛋白酶对文昌鱼咽部组织切片及新鲜解剖的鳃组织进行消化，镜检后发现VIH阳性物质已被消化掉。从而提示文昌鱼鳃弓骨骼中的VIH阳性物质可能是一种类弹性蛋白。     

Serum auto antibodies and clinical/pathological features in German shepherd dogs with a lupuslike syndrome

This study presents 8 dogs of German Shepherd breed (6 males, 2 females, 2-5 years of age at onset of the disease) with a lupus like syndrome characterized by febrile polyarthritis, wasting, nephropathy, cutaneous lesions and high positive titres of ANA (antinuclear antibodies) of speckled type. The serum autoantibodies were further characterized by double immunodiffusion against ENA (extractable nuclear antigen), ELISA for Histone antibodies (Histon fraction H-24A and H-3S), indirect IF on rat-liver sections, non treated and RNase/DNase digested sections for DNP/RNP antibodies, and smears of a hemoflagellate C. luciliae for antibodies vs doubbel strained DNA, (dsDNA). Thus, the high ANA titres in these dogs represent varying types of autoantibodies against nucleoproteins of both DNA and RNA nature, associated histone antigens and non-histone antibodies (RNA and Sm) as well. Rheumatoid Factor titres in serum from these dogs were low or negative. Immunoglobulin deposits at dermo-epidermal junctions were demonstrated in some of the dogs with hyperkeratotic skin lesions. High concentration of serum-IgG was a constant finding in combination with anemia and in most cases leukopenia probably related to the chronic inflammatory process in these animals. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) or thrombocytopenia was not detected in these dogs.     

诊断桑树黄化型萎缩病的新方法

本文探讨利用瑞氏染色法和旦尼氏染色法诊断桑树黄化型萎缩病的可能性。试验结果表明,用此方法,在病株枝条或主根的横切面上,韧皮部的病原寄生部位被染成兰色或青色,呈阳性反应,健株组织切片的韧皮部则不着色,呈阴性反应。可作为桑黄化型萎缩病病株的实验诊断手段。     

不同基本培养基及培养方式对文心兰原球茎增殖的影响

以薄叶系文心兰Alha′Iwanaga′茎尖诱导形成的原球茎 (PLB)为材料 ,比较不同基本培养基类型 (MS、1/ 2MS、VW )及不同培养方式 (固体培养、液体培养 )对原球茎增殖的影响 ,结果表明 :文心兰PLB增殖以 1/ 2MS为基本培养基配合振荡及回旋培养方式较好 ,固体培养方式因其幼苗形成率高 ,不适合进行文心兰PLB增殖培养     

籽粒苋copia类反转录转座子的初步研究

本研究首次报道了籽粒苋中也存在 copia类反转录转座子 ,进一步验证了 copia类反转录转座子广泛存在于高等植物中 .采用 PCR方法分离鉴定了来自 4个种 2 7个基因型中的 5 3个 RT酶区序列 .序列分析表明 ,籽粒苋中的 copia类反转录转座子不但具有长度多样性、种间多样性、种内多样性 ,而且来自相同基因型的反转录转座子之间也存在高度异质性 .Southern杂交分析表明 ,籽粒苋中的 copia类反转录转座子以多拷贝形式存在 .Northern杂交分析表明 ,籽粒苋中的 copia类反转录转座子可能失去了转座活性 .本研究还对采用 PCR技术分离全长的 copia类反转录转座子进行了初步探讨 ,认为该方法可行 ,具有快速、经济等优点 ,可望在短期内分离出全长的反转录转座子     

Characterization and partial purification of a bacteriocin‐like substance produced by thermophilic Bacillus licheniformis H1 isolated from cow manure compost

The production and partial characterization of bacteriocin‐like substances (BLSs) produced by bacteria isolated from cow manure compost were investigated. Eight BLS producers, which exhibited inhibitory activity against pathogenic bacteria, were isolated from cow manure compost at different stages of the composting process. The pile temperature ranged from 9.1°C to 73.2°C. The BLSs showed thermostability, but the BLS producers were not thermostable except for the H1 producer. Thermophilic Bacillus licheniformis H1 was further characterized. The culture supernatant of B. licheniformis H1 exhibited antagonistic activity against various species of Gram‐positive bacteria such as Listeria monocytogenes ATCC19111 but not against Gram‐negative bacteria except Pseudomonas fluorescens ATCC11251. Inactivation of bacteriocin‐like activity by α‐chymotrypsin, trypsin, and papain was highly significant (P < 0.001). The BLS was found to be stable under a pH range from 3 to 9 and at temperatures up to 75°C for 60 min, but it lost activity after being autoclaved at 121°C for 15 min. The optimum production of BLS by B. licheniformis H1 was obtained at a temperature of 55°C. Sodium dodecyl sulfate – polyacrylamide electrophoresis analysis of concentrated partially purified supernatants collected after resting the bacterial cells at 55°C revealed a bacteriocin‐like protein with a molecular mass of approximately 3.5 kDa. This study is the first report of a BLS from thermophilic B. licheniformis with an animal compost origin.     

摄食抑制时鹅血浆八肽胆囊收缩素样免疫活性(CCK-8LI)的变化

采用放射免疫分析法,测定鹅外周血液中八肽胆囊收缩素样免疫活性(CCK-8LT),观察禁食和抱窝期摄食抑制状态下血浆 CCK-8LI 水平的变化.结果如下:(1)刚饲喂混合精料后,鹅血浆中 CCK-8LI显著升高,为禁食时水平的2.6倍,揭示外周血液中 CCK-8LI 在鹅摄食活动的短期调节中起作用;(2)在持续4周的抱窝期内,母鹅血浆 CCK-8LI 显著低于醒抱后恢复期水平.血浆中 CCK-8LI 是否参与鹅抱窝期摄食抑制的调控,有侍进一步研究.     

CpG寡核苷酸对鸡Toll样受体15表达量的影响

[目的]研究禽类TLR15受体在CpG-ODN诱导机体天然免疫反应中的作用。[方法]采用实时定量PCR等检测方法,检测CpG-ODN刺激后细胞因子和TLR15表达量的变化情况。[结果]CpG-ODN刺激鸡巨噬细胞后,可显著提高细胞因子和TLR15表达量。[结论]禽类TLR15受体可能参与了CpG-ODN刺激引起的机体天然免疫反应。     

Effects of dietary carbohydrate sources on plasma glucose, insulin and IGF-I levels in multiparous sows

Effects of different carbohydrate sources on plasma glucose, insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels were compared to subsequently be able to study effects of insulin-stimulating diets on follicle development in sows. The following feed components were tested in 12 sows during six consecutive test periods of 9.5 days: dextrose (DEX), sucrose (SUC), lactose (LAC), dextrose plus lactose (DL), sucrose plus lactose (SL), dextrose plus sugarbeet pulp (DSBP) and control (CON). On day 2, 5 and 9 of each test period, plasma glucose (only at day 9), insulin and IGF-I profiles were determined. Despite similar glucose profiles for all diets, the postprandial insulin response was higher for DL and SL compared with CON and LAC; the other diets were intermediate. Plasma IGF-I levels were higher in CON, LAC and SL compared with DSBP, but differences were only marginal. It was concluded that dextrose and sucrose have the potential to stimulate fast and high insulin peaks, especially when combined with additional lactose. Despite the high dextrose in the DSBP diet, the insulin response was flattened, probably due to the viscosity of sugarbeet pulp. The results show that modulation of plasma insulin levels by dietary carbohydrates seems possible in anabolic sows, but IGF-I levels are less easily modified.     

Isoenzyme studies on Theileria (Protozoa,Sporozoa). Enzyme activity associated with the erythrocytic stage

Summary

Bovine blood containing piroplasms of Theileria parva, as well as non‐injected blood, was lysed and subjected to iso‐electric focussing.

Staining for 13 different enzymes revealed parasite‐associated bands of glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI) activity, not of any of the other enzymes. There were no variations between individual donor animals in the host cell GPI bands and these bands did not interfere with the recognition of the parasite‐associated bands, so that purification of the piroplasms was unnecessary. Blood from cattle infected with T. mutans also gave parasite‐associated bands of GPI, but no such bands were seen in zymograms of blood from cattle infected with a Theileria sp. from Japan. Depending on the level of parasitaemia, up to four parasite‐associated bands were found in one strain of T. parva and up to three in two other strains. Among the disadvantages of using piroplasm material for the study of isoenzymes of T. parva is the fact that animals often die before their parasitaemia is sufficiently high, and that some strains never give rise to a high parasitaemia.