论玉米高产施肥技术

玉米是我国重要的农作物之一,尤其是在我国东北地区,广袤的松嫩平原上种植的农作 物大部分是玉米,玉米已经成为很多农民的全部经济来源。玉米施肥是为了提高玉米产量而进 行的一个步骤。在合作社时期,由于土地不属于个人,因此农民对玉米产量不甚在意。随着农村 土地承包到户的政策实施后,玉米产量有了巨大的提升,其中提升玉米产量最重要的手段就是合 理施肥。本研究就是阐述关于如何让玉米高产的施肥技术。     

噬菌体表面展示技术的发展及应用

随着噬菌体展示技术自身建库、筛选方法等方面的进一步改进和完善,目前已被广泛应用于生命科学的许多领域,特别是噬菌体表面展示技术在蛋白质相互作用方面的成功应用,为筛选新的结合蛋白提供了一种简单、有效的手段,还为功能基因组学的研究提供了一个新的方法。该技术还在药物研制和疾病机理方面显示出很大的应用潜力,目前已成为筛选对人类疾病有诊断和治疗价值的生物活性分子的重要手段,并已广泛用于癌症、艾滋病、心血管病、组织器官移植、神经性疾病等领域药物的研究和开发。     

橄榄鲜食新品系‘灵峰’和‘闽清2号’的主要性状综合评价

‘灵峰’和‘闽清2号’橄榄是从福州地区的‘长营’橄榄实生群体中筛选出的鲜食新品系。‘灵峰’橄榄果实椭圆形,平均单果重7.40 g,可食率81.00%,总糖4.10%,总酸1.16%,可溶性固形物11.40%,钙1230.00 mg.Kg-1;果皮黄绿色,果肉黄白色,果肉质地脆、化渣无涩味,回甘好,为晚熟类型。‘闽清2号’橄榄果实纺锤形,平均单果重7.60 g,可食率82.40%,总糖2.46%,总酸1.19%,可溶性固形物8.83%,钙627.33 mg.Kg-1;果皮绿色,果肉黄白色,果肉质地脆、化渣无涩味,风味清淡,并且表现出丰产和稳产特性,为中熟类型。‘灵峰’橄榄可作为鲜食品系,‘闽清2号’橄榄可作为鲜食兼加工品系。     

三维基因组学概述及其在农业生物育种方面的研究进展

真核细胞中染色质以不同层次的三维结构有序的折叠在细胞核中,其空间层次结构对基因的表达调控和细胞发挥正常的生理功能都起着重要的作用,在动物育种方面具有很大潜力,但尚未被完全探索。本文介绍三维基因组的结构单元(染色质疆域、A/B 区室、拓扑关联结构域和染色质环)以及研究三维基因组的主要技术,对三维基因组学在农业中的研究进展和应用前景进行了探讨,旨在深入了解三维基因组学的功能和应用前景,以期为生物育种改良提供部分帮助。     

植物育种的物理学方法

介绍了草原生态恢复中选育优良牧草种子的一些物理学方法,包括电场、磁场、物理辐射、激光、离子束和交变应力等在植物的生物学效应、诱变育种和转基因技术中的应用.     

墨西哥柏育苗试验结果分析

切根及喷云大- 120 对墨西哥柏苗木生长的效果的试验结果表明: 切根和喷云大- 120 处理对墨西哥柏苗木生长的促进作用不大。在苗高、地径、冠幅等10 个性状中, 仅切根对茎叶鲜重呈明显负作用, 切根、喷云大- 120 及交互作用对根鲜重亦呈明显的负作用。在墨西哥柏育苗中不宜采用切根和喷云大-120 处理。     

Assessing exterior egg quality indicators using machine vision

ABSTRACT

1. The objective of this study was to develop a machine vision method for analysing exterior parameters of chicken eggs to automate the stage of primary sorting.

2. The developed algorithm based on predetermined thresholds calculated egg quality indicators, including geometric dimensions, shape index and the mottling grade. The algorithm was implemented with an experimental setup that combined the image-based and the candling methods. A total of 400 egg samples were analysed.

3. Comparison of results of the algorithm with those obtained using the traditional manual method showed that mean value of radii values difference was 0.095 ± 0.058 mm for the sharp and 0.080 ± 0.047 mm for the blunt end of the egg, with standard deviations of 0.58 mm and 0.49 mm, respectively.

4. The correlation coefficient between the shape index values determined by the two methods was 0.93; the standard deviation of absolute differences between corresponding values was 1.05%.

5. The results of mottling grade estimation were compared using F-measure and confusion matrix.

6. The results allow the possibility to perform the assessment of egg exterior quality factors in an automatic mode, independent of the expertise of a grader.     

Multi-criteria decision making methods to address rural land allocation problems: A systematic review

Land allocation has been an important issue in land use planning research studies. Land allocation involves different multifunctional activities of maximizing environmental, economic and social benefits. Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) method is the most popular tool to optimize land allocation problems by considering decision variables, conflicting objectives, and criteria. Hence, decision-makers face problems on how to optimize the land allocation while minimizing the conflicting trade-offs existing in the decision analysis. With this review study, we aim at identifying and extracting information on MCDM methods to solve land allocation problems from English language articles published between 2000 and 2019 and indexed by four scientific literature databases (Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus, Google scholar). To this end, we applied a systematic literature review approach, i.e. the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis procedure (Moher et al., 2009), with a structured database search expression. 120 articles were selected of which, after careful screening of title, keywords and abstract, 69 were retained for detailed review. This review study report compiles comprehensive information by classifying the papers into application area, optimization objectives, criteria used, decision techniques, publication year and study region. In summary, we found that in the last two decades, the use of the MCDM method has increased, particularly in Europe and China. AHP (analytical hierarchal process) is frequently used for multi-attribute land allocation problems with reference to ecotourism and ecosystem management. LP (linear programming) and SA (simulating annealing) methods are predominantly used to optimize multi-objectives complex agricultural and forest land allocation problems respectively.     

猪内源氨基酸测定技术评述

氨基酸的真消化率是评价饲料蛋白质生物学效价的重要指标,而要测定氨基酸的真消化率,就必须对内源氨基酸排泄量进行估测。本文就目前内源氨基酸的测定方法进行了综述,并对各种方法的优缺点进行了评述。在内源氨基酸的测定方法中,以传统方法(无氮日粮法、回归外延法和完全可消化蛋白源或静脉灌注平衡氨基酸法)最为常用,但存在种种缺陷。为克服传统方法的缺陷,学者们提出了新的估测内源氨基酸的方法,如同位素标记法、高精氨酸法、肽营养超滤技术、氨基糖测定法以及体内体外结合测定法,但这些方法也存在或多或少的缺陷,还有待于改进。     

环峡南苜蓿种子生产技术研究

对影响环峡南苜蓿种子产量的磷肥、钾肥、浇水和地膜条件4个因素进行正交组合试验,结果表明: 磷肥、钾肥、磷钾肥互作对种子产量的影响较大,其次为地膜条件、磷肥浇水互作,浇水的影响最小。试验结果和生产成本综合考虑,最适宜的处理组合为:钙镁磷450 kg/hm2+硫酸钾150 kg/hm2+不铺地膜+不浇水。