Ribosomal DNA Sequence Comparisons of Colletotrichum Graminicola from Turfgrasses and other Hosts

The 5.8S ribosomal gene and the flanking internal transcribed spacers (ITS) 1 and 2 from Colletotrichum graminicola isolates causing anthracnose disease of Agrostis palustris and Poa species were sequenced. Although bootstrap support was not high, two major groups were observed with both UPGMA and parsimony algorithms, one containing isolates from A. palustris and another with isolates from Poa spp. The ITS sequences were also compared with those of isolates of C. graminicola and C. sublineolum from Sorghum spp., Zea mays and Rottboellia cochinchinesis as well as other Colletotrichum species. Except for one isolate from P. annua in Texas, the ITS1 and ITS2 sequences of turfgrass isolates always grouped separately from C. graminicola or C. sublineolum from non-turfgrass hosts with high bootstrap support. ITS sequences of the turfgrass isolates were more similar to those of other species of Colletotrichum, such as C. coccodes and C. dematium, than they were to C. graminicola isolates from other hosts. Turfgrass isolates have ITS sequences which are not identical to those of isolates from Zea mays and Sorghum species demonstrating diversity among fungi conventionally classified as C. graminicola.     

内燃机空气滤清器试验台的研究

空气滤清器的性能优劣对发动机的性能有着重要的影响,为此建立内燃机空气滤清器试验台有着至关重要的作用.根据待测的空气滤清器的主要性能指标确定了空气滤清器试验台的基本配置及功用,并在此基础上以虚拟仪器技术作为控制核心初步构建了用以检测空气滤清器性能的试验系统.     

会计核算智能化对企业内部控制的影响

分析了会计核算智能化的意义和缺陷,及其对企业内部控制的影响,并指出了会计核算智能化的发展趋势。     

边疆少数民族大学生心理健康与言语障碍

边疆少数民族大学生进入大学后由于言语交流的障碍，导致心理问题的产生。通过对边疆少数民族大学生汉语言语使用情况的抽样调查，进一步了解使其产生交流障碍的言语因素，并对这些因素加以分析，找出边疆少数民族大学生使用汉语言语的难点、排斥情况和言语对心理健康的影响方式，从而更好地培养边疆少数民族大学生进入更大、更先进的言语环境的适应性，使其健康成长。     

曲杆梁格内力影响面的机动分析有限元法

以米勒-布雷斯劳原理为基础,运用小变形的叠加原理,将曲杆梁格机动分析与有限元静力分析相结合,建立了曲杆梁格内力影响面分析的机动分析有限元法,该方法把内力影响面分析归结为求解在一个等效结点荷载作用下的梁格位移场,并推导了计入横向剪切变形影响的十二自由度空间曲梁单元等效结点荷载计算公式.该方法概念简洁清晰,与静力法及直接求解位移的机动法相比,计算效率大为提高.算例表明了本文理论和所推导公式的正确性.     

火炬松人工林养分体内转移与内循环研究

对江苏省下蜀林场火炬松人工林 (15年生 )地上部分养分体内转移和内循环特点进行了初步研究 ,结果表明 :(1)在体内养分转移中 ,叶的贡献最大 ,N、P、K和Mg元素的平均转移量均大于枝和干 ;地上部分养分N、P、K和Mg元素的转移率分别为 44 9% ,34 5 % ,2 0 8%和 30 7%。 (2 )地上部分养分归还量N、P、K、Ca和Mg元素分别 5 5 787,6 13,2 6 70 ,70 79和 2 0 30kg·hm- 2 ·a- 1 分别占需要量的 36 6 7% ,44 6 5 % 5 5 3% ,78 0 2 %和 42 84% ;地上实际消耗土壤中的养分量N、P、K、Ca和Mg分别为 2 2 48,2 13,4 6 4,2 6 98和 7 41kg·hm- 2 ·a- 1 ,分别占吸收量的 2 3 99% ,2 2 76 % ,11 84% ,2 4 32 %和 2 1 0 9%。 (3)与当地的杉木林和次生栎林相比 ,该火炬松人工林养分利用率高 ,并处于养分消耗阶段。     

永嘉早香柚授粉及保水措施试验

为探索永嘉早香柚的低产原因和降低内裂果措施。进行了授粉和保水措施试验，结果表明，通过授粉能有效提高永嘉早香柚的座果率；授粉配合保水措施能有效降低永嘉早香柚的内裂果和裂瓣率。     

Cost minimization through the use of taungya system in pulpwood plantation establishment

The costs and benefits of the use of three labour alternatives: direct permanent, direct casual and taungya labour in Gmelina arborea pulpwood plantation establishment in Nigeria were investigated. Results show that cost per hectare is lowest with taungya labour and highest with permanent labour with savings in cost of as much as 30% and 47% by taungya labour over casual and permanent labour respectively. The net present value per hectare of investment is highest when taungya labour is used and lowest and negative with permanent labour. Also, the internal rate of return of investment is highest with taungya labour and lowest with permanent labour. The net present values and internal rates of return for Gmelina plantations calculated for the three pulp and paper mills in Nigeria show the same trend in favour of taungya labour.     

Comparative digestibility of low‐quality grass hay by two breeds of cattle differing in mature live weight

The digestive capacity of the Portuguese native breed of Barrosão cattle and the Holstein–Friesian breed was measured when fed meadow hay (72–74 g CP and 641–671 g NDF/kg dry matter), offered either alone or supplemented with soya bean meal (150 g/kg dry matter), at maintenance level. Four mature cows of each breed were used. Average initial live weight (LW) was 457 and 635 kg for the Barrosão and the Holstein–Friesian cows respectively. The organic matter digestibility (OMD) of the meadow hay was higher in Holstein–Friesian than in Barrosão cows (p < 0.08) whether supplemented or not. The neutral detergent fibre digestibility of the hay was also higher in Holstein–Frisian when the hay was fed alone (p < 0.08). The soya bean meal supplementation increased the OMD and the NDFD digestibility of the total diet (p < 0.05), but not the OMD digestibility of the hay (p > 0.05). The results obtained in this study suggest a higher ability to digest fibre in the large dairy breed than in the small native breed. This suggestion is also supported by previous findings with sheep breeds largely differing in mature live weight.     

一例金毛犬胫骨斜骨折的髓内针逆向插入法联合钢丝内固定术治疗

通过对一例金毛犬胫骨斜骨折进行内固定术,详细介绍了髓内针逆向插法联合钢丝进行内固定术的手术要点,为同行进行犬胫骨斜骨折内固定术治疗提供参考。