生态入侵植物豚草及其综合防治

豚草Ambrosia artemisiifolia自从传入我国后,现已遍布全国大部分地区,对人体健康和生态环境均造成严重危害,导致生物多样性丧失,带来巨大的经济损失,是一种典型的“绿色污染”,已成为我国危害最为严重的生态入侵植物之一。根据其自身的生态学特性及其危害以及当前所使用的各种防除方法,同时考虑生态系统的可持续发展确立了防除豚草应采取以生物防除、替代控制为主体,辅以人工防除、化学防除的综合治理策略。     

草坪病害及其防治

本文介绍草坪草常见侵染性病害（ 真菌、细菌、病毒和线虫病的致病病原） 和非侵染性病害,论述了草坪病害流行条件,强调预防为主的综合防治策略。     

DNA指纹技术对近交系小鼠生产扩大群的遗传检测

采用生物素标记的（GGAT）4寡核苷酸探针对C57BL／6J、BALB／c和DBA／2三种近交系生产扩大群F4代小鼠进行了DNA指纹图分析。结果显示（GGAT）4寡核苷酸探针对上述三种近交系小鼠产生的DNA指纹图的图带数均为10-12条,具有良好的多态性,品系内平均DNA指纹图的相似系教（X）在0．88—0．95的范围内,具有相同指纹图的概率（P）均在0．35以上,极显著地高于品系间的相似系数（0．18—0．31）和相同指纹图的概率（P〈8．4×10^-7）。研究结果表明（GGAT）。寡核苷酸探针可用于制作近交系小鼠生产扩大群的DNA指纹图,以对其进行遗传检测。     

退牧还草改善草地生态环境

针对青海省草地生态环境趋于恶化的实际状况,提出退牧还草,改善草地生态环境建议和措施一是种植优良牧草,建立高产优质的人工草地;二是发展牧区二、三产业,搞好畜牧业服务体系建设;三是大力推广使用优质饲料产品;四是压缩非生产畜,缓解草场压力,走高效畜牧业路子;开展草地生态综合治理.     

张掖市肉牛传染病和寄生虫病感染状况的抽样监测

为了确实掌握张掖市百万头肉牛基地肉牛传染病和寄生虫病感染情况,建立健全百万头肉牛基地的动物卫生防疫体系,有效防治疫病的发生流行,确保百万头肉牛基地健康发展,对全市肉牛传染病和寄生虫病的流行情况进行了摸底调查和实验室检测。通过详细普查,掌握了全市肉牛传染病和寄生虫病发病情况,为有效防控肉牛疫病提供了重要理论依据。     

人工影响天气综合业务平台设计方案

提出了具有共性的人工影响天气综合业务平台的开发思路,人工影响天气综合业务平台都应具备天气监测、数据采集加工、天气预报和预警、作业指挥、信息传输和作业管理等业务功能。但是,由于各地开展人工影响天气工作的业务内容不同,因此其业务系统组合方式和平台设计思想也不完全相同。研制开发适合当地实际情况、实用性强的人工影响天气综合业务平台并加以完善,不仅是高质量开展人工影响天气业务的保障,也是各级气象部门一项长期艰巨的工作任务。     

Measurement of tidal volume using Respiratory Ultrasonic Plethysmography in anaesthetized,mechanically ventilated horses

ObjectiveTo compare tidal volume estimations obtained from Respiratory Ultrasonic Plethysmography (RUP) with simultaneous spirometric measurements in anaesthetized, mechanically ventilated horses.Study designProspective randomized experimental study.AnimalsFive experimental horses.MethodsFive horses were anaesthetized twice (1 week apart) in random order in lateral and in dorsal recumbency. Nine ventilation modes (treatments) were scheduled in random order (each lasting 4 minutes) applying combinations of different tidal volumes (8, 10, 12 mL kg^?1) and positive end-expiratory pressures (PEEP) (0, 10, 20 cm H₂O). Baseline ventilation mode (tidal volume = 15 mL kg^?1, PEEP = 0 cm H₂O) was applied for 4 minutes between all treatments. Spirometry and RUP data were downloaded to personal computers. Linear regression analyses (RUP versus spirometric tidal volume) were performed using different subsets of data. Additonally RUP was calibrated against spirometry using a regression equation for all RUP signal values (thoracic, abdominal and combined) with all data collectively and also by an individually determined best regression equation (highest R²) for each experiment (horse versus recumbency) separately. Agreement between methods was assessed with Bland-Altman analyses.ResultsThe highest correlation of RUP and spirometric tidal volume (R² = 0.81) was found with the combined RUP signal in horses in lateral recumbency and ventilated without PEEP. The bias ± 2 SD was 0 ± 2.66 L when RUP was calibrated for collective data, but decreased to 0 ± 0.87 L when RUP was calibrated with individual data.Conclusions and clinical relevanceA possible use of RUP for tidal volume measurement during IPPV needs individual calibration to obtain limits of agreement within ± 20%.     

基于RFID技术的现代仓储管理优化设计

针对当前大多数企业仓储管理模式落后,仓储方法效率低、成本高、出错率大等问题,提出将RFID技术引入到物流仓储管理过程中,优化现代仓储入库和出库流程,从而实现对库存货品状态和作业过程的全面化实时监控,做到货物先入先出和批量化扫描,使货物出入库管理更加方便快捷,提高仓储的效率,减少资源的浪费。     

Comparison of methods to assess dog owners' therapeutic compliance

Objective To compare different methods for assessing the compliance of veterinary clients administering medication to their dogs.
Procedure Thirty-one owners whose dogs were prescribed amoxycillin-clavulanate, twice and thrice daily, for a duration of five to seven days were recruited from three Sydney veterinary hospitals. Compliance was assessed by electronic monitoring devices, return medication counts, client self-reports and veterinarians' estimation of likely compliance.
Results Electronic monitoring showed owners administered on average 84% (range 7 to 104%) of prescribed medication to their dogs. Both return medication counts and client self-reports tended to overestimate therapeutic compliance when compared with electronic monitoring. When questioned, the majority of owners (71%) claimed perfect compliance with the prescribed regimen. No correlation was found between veterinarians' estimates of owner compliance and that assessed electronically.
Conclusion Electronic monitoring provided valuable information on dose timing and variation, but proved costly and difficult to employ in veterinary practice. Simplicity and low cost of return medication counts makes this method attractive for use in veterinary compliance studies. Client self-reports reliably detected some noncompliers and permitted identification of individual problems or errors. For practical purposes a combination of return medication counts and client self-reports may have merit in future veterinary compliance studies.     

Thromboelastography: a tool for measuring hypercoagulability, hypocoagulability, and fibrinolysis

Objective: To describe the technique of thromboelastography (TEG) and review the applications of this coagulation test in humans and small animals. Data sources: Data sources included scientific reviews and original research publications. Human data synthesis: TEG in humans has been used for documentation of hypercoagulable and hypocoagulable states and has been shown to be beneficial in patient management. Veterinary data synthesis: Clinical evaluation of TEG in veterinary medicine is limited; however, recent reports have documented evidence of hypercoagulability in dogs with parvovirus and protein‐losing nephropathy. Additionally, many of the research models may be relevant to veterinary patients. Conclusions: TEG provides information about coagulation that is not available through routine coagulation tests. The application of TEG monitoring to veterinary patients shows promise; however, prospective clinical studies are needed.