气相色谱-质谱联用法对蚕蛹油中脂肪酸成分分析

采用索氏提取法提取蚕蛹油,用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用法分析蛹油的脂肪酸成分.经NIST质谱数据库检索和文献对照共检出8种成分.用面积归-法测出八种成分的含量,其结果表明蚕蛹油中脂肪酸的组成有豆蔻酸(0.20%)、花生四烯酸(0.27%)、软脂酸(16.84%)、棕榈油酸(2.40%)、硬脂酸(2.35%)、亚麻...     

江苏省蚕桑综合利用模式分析

本文阐述了蚕桑综合利用是提高蚕桑产业经济效益的重要途径之一.江苏省是蚕桑生产大省,桑、蚕及其附属物和衍生物资源丰富,综合利用的潜能很大.文章结合江苏省蚕桑综合利用实际,分析蚕桑综合利用几种发展模式及经济效益.分析了当前江苏省蚕桑综合利用存在的主要问题,提出了蚕桑综合利用发展建议.     

大尾寒羊产羔数对胎次的回归分析

该研究利用SPSS软件分析了大尾寒羊产羔数对胎次的回归,大尾寒羊产羔数对胎次的二次方回归和三次方回归的拟合度(R2)分别为0.9246和0.9269,可见两种模型下的回归方程的拟合度都比较高。产羔数对胎次的二次方回归方程中的所有回归参数均达到极显著水平(P<0.01),说明大尾寒羊产羔数对胎次用二次方回归方程具有一定的应用价值。     

秦岭北麓关中地区野鸟源基因Ⅸ型新城疫病毒病原学监测及分离株毒力测定

为评价秦岭北麓关中地区野鸟源基因Ⅸ型斯城疫病毒(NDV)流行及毒力情况,对374份源于该区域健康野鸟的咽喉、泄殖腔拭子进行病毒分离与鉴定,并对NDV分离株进行生物学特征和遗传进化分析.结果共分离到5株野鸟源NDV(包括2株候鸟源),其致病指数MDT、ICPI、IVPI差异较大,分别为37.2～64.8 h,0.425～1.638,2.04～2.76.F基因(535 bp)推导氨基酸序列和同源性分析显示,5株NDV分离毒均具有强毒的融合(F)蛋白裂解位点112R-R-Q-R-R-F117,5株分离毒间同源性高达99.8％～100.0％.F基因高变区(42～420 nt,374 bp)分析显示5株分离毒均属于我国特有的基因Ⅸ型NDV,与我国早期的基因Ⅸ型NDV流行株F48E9亲缘关系很近(核苷酸同源性为99.4％～99.6％),而与La Sota和V4等传统疫苗株及目前家禽中流行基因Ⅶ型NDV毒株亲缘关系较远.本研究表明,健康野鸟为基因ⅨNDV的携带者,尽管首次获得的5株野鸟源基因Ⅸ型NDV毒株生物学特征差异较大,但均具有强毒的分子生物学特征及致病性,提示对周边环境和家禽养殖业存在潜在威胁.     

Reducing Peak Pressures Under the Saddle Panel at the Level of the 10th to 13th Thoracic Vertebrae May Be Associated With Improved Gait Features,Even When Saddles Are Fitted to Published Guidelines

Saddle–horse interaction is increasingly linked with back pain, performance, and welfare issues. Saddle fit and work quality influence alterations in back shape with exercise at thoracic vertebra 13 level (T13) with exercise. The objectives of experiments were to: determine a repeatable zone and stride point of peak pressure under saddles fitted to industry guidelines; compare peak pressure in this zone and limb kinematics in collected trot between horses own saddles (S) and a saddle designed to reduce pressure at T10–T13 (F); compare thoracolumbar width change after exercise between S and F and with F after 3 months use. Elite dressage (n = 13) horses/riders with no lameness/performance problem had pressure mat data acquired under S, fitted by four qualified saddle fitters, to determine zones of peak pressure. Pressure mat data at T10–T13, forelimb/hindlimb protraction, and carpal/tarsal flexion acquired using simultaneous high-speed motion capture, and difference in thoracolumbar dimensions (T8, T18 at 3, 15 cm) between before and after exercise was compared between S and F. Peak pressures were consistently detected axially around T10–T13 (sensors A4–A7, H4–H7). Peak pressures were significantly less with F than S for each cell and pooled (55%–68% difference. P = .01 to <.0001). Saddle F was associated with 13% greater forelimb and 22.7% hindlimb protraction, 3.5° greater carpal and 4.3° tarsal flexion (P = .02 to .0001), and greater increase in thoracolumbar dimensions after exercise (P = .01 to <.0001). Saddles fitted to published guidelines may still have a nonideal interface with horses. Reducing peak pressures around T10–T13 was associated with improved limb kinematics in trot and greater thoracolumbar expansion after exercise.     

北极狐白介素-18基因的克隆与序列分析

根据GenBank中登录的犬白介素-18（IL-18）基因序列,设计了1对特异性引物。将北极狐外周血淋巴细胞经植物血凝素（PHA）诱导,用TRIzol裂解,提取总RNA,通过反转录聚合酶链式反应（RT—PCR）扩增狐狸IL-18基因,连接pMD18-T载体,转化DH5d感受态细胞,获得阳性重组质粒。核苷酸测序结果显示,获得的基因序列全长590bp,含582bp的开放阅读框,编码193个氨基酸,与已知犬IL-18序列的同源性高达98．7％,氨基酸同源性为96．4％。     

2008～2011年中国部分地区猪圆环病毒2型的分子流行病学调查

为了解2008~2011年中国部分地区猪圆环病毒2型(Porcine circovirus type 2,PCV2)分子流行病学变化趋势,本实验室共采集福建省、江西省、广东省、安徽省、浙江省、河南省、河北省、广西壮族自治区、内蒙古自治区、上海市、江苏省和山西省共12个省(市、区)的健康猪群和发病猪群共452份样品,对其进行病原学检测,并通过扩增、克隆和测序共获得31株PCV2 ORF2基因编码序列。结果显示,452份样品中,有354份样品检测为PCV2阳性,感染率高达78.3%。对31株ORF2基因序列的分析和比对结果表明,31株PCV2均为PCV2b基因型,其中有21株归类于PCV1A/1B基因亚群,而10株为PCV1C亚群;对31株PCV2 ORF2编码氨基酸序列比对分析表明PCV2基因亚型具有其特异的氨基酸变异位点,这对于临床上区别PCV2亚型具有一定的指导意义。从基因水平上来说,自2008年以来中国以PCV 1A/1B亚群为主要流行致病株,但值得我们关注的是,PCV 1C亚群毒株从无到有并有逐渐增多的趋势,将来可能在PCV2的流行毒株中占据主要地位。     

Genetic diversity,anti‐microbial resistance,plasmid profile and frequency of the Vi antigen in Salmonella Dublin strains isolated in Brazil

Salmonella Dublin is strongly adapted to cattle causing enteritis and/or systemic disease with high rates of mortality. However, it can be sporadically isolated from humans, usually causing serious disease, especially in patients with underlying chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to molecularly type S. Dublin strains isolated from humans and animals in Brazil to verify the diversity of these strains as well as to ascertain possible differences between strains isolated from humans and animals. Moreover, the presence of the capsular antigen Vi and the plasmid profile was characterized in addition to the anti‐microbial resistance against 15 drugs. For this reason, 113 S. Dublin strains isolated between 1983 and 2016 from humans (83) and animals (30) in Brazil were typed by PFGE and MLVA. The presence of the capsular antigen Vi was verified by PCR, and the phenotypic expression of the capsular antigen was determined serologically. Also, a plasmid analysis for each strain was carried out. The strains studied were divided into 35 different PFGE types and 89 MLVA‐types with a similarity of ≥80% and ≥17.5%, respectively. The plasmid sizes found ranged from 2 to >150 kb and none of the strains studied presented the capsular antigen Vi. Resistance or intermediate resistance was found in 23 strains (20.3%) that were resistant to ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, imipenem, nalidixic acid, piperacillin, streptomycin and/or tetracycline. The majority of the S. Dublin strains studied and isolated over a 33‐year period may descend from a common subtype that has been contaminating humans and animals in Brazil and able to cause invasive disease even in the absence of the capsular antigen. The higher diversity of resistance phenotypes in human isolates, as compared with animal strains, may be a reflection of the different anti‐microbial treatments used to control S. Dublin infections in humans in Brazil.     

不同覆土厚度对伊犁地区公路护坡植被质量的影响

为提高伊犁地区公路建设中的边坡植被防护质量,促进公路建设与生态环境的和谐发展,依托S242线巩留至尼勒克公路开展了实地边坡试验,利用灰色关联度的分析方法,对5 cm、10 cm、15 cm、20 cm四种表土回填厚度处理的边坡植被建植质量进行了研究。结果表明：随着覆土厚度的增加,公路边坡护坡植被质量逐渐增加,土壤砂粒减小了15%~23%,粉粒含量增加了18%~23%,土壤质地由壤土转变为粉砂质壤土;不同处理下的土壤孔隙度、土壤抗蚀指数、土壤抗冲系数差异显著,其对应的灰色关联度值分别为0.74,0.72,0.71,相比其他指标对护坡植被质量的影响更大;覆土20 cm小区的综合评判值G （k）最大（0.83）,说明在本研究中覆土20 cm小区的护坡植被质量最好。     

不同氮效率紫花苜蓿叶特征及其产量效应研究

为探讨不同氮效率紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)叶特征差异及其对产量的影响,本研究采用田间小区试验,设4个不同氮效率紫花苜蓿品种('LW6010'、'甘农3号'、'甘农7号'和'陇东苜蓿')和2个施氮处理(0,103.5 kg·hm-2),对比研究不同氮效率紫花苜蓿的叶特征及其生产性能,并采用通径分析法探讨叶...