电控喷油对降低双燃料内燃机烟度排放的试验研究

介绍了电控LPG-柴油双燃料内燃机供给系统的设计,柴油分别采用机械泵和电磁铁执行器供给,LPG采用电控顺序喷射方式供给。同时对控制系统进行了硬件和软件设计,对软件的功能进行详细的说明,最后对双燃料内燃机进行标定试验,论证了柴油的电控喷射对降低烟度排放的影响。     

小缸径柴油机喷油系统优化匹配降低排放研究

以480型柴油机为样机，通过试验和模拟计算系统分析了喷油系统参数对小缸径直喷式柴油机排放的影响，提出了喷油系统与整机的优化匹配改进方案。对比试验表明，在柴油机动力性、经济性基本不变的基础上,改进后的排放低于国家现行排放法规限值。能满足欧-1排放法规。     

外开式汽油喷油器喷雾特性研究

在定容弹内,采用纹影和激光Mie散射技术研究了外开式压电晶体汽油喷油器使用汽油、正丁醇和乙醇时的喷雾特性。结果表明,外开式喷油器喷油形成的空心圆锥状喷雾结构由线状油束组成。喷油背压对喷雾的宏观形态影响较大。随着喷油背压的升高,喷雾中油线间隙减小并最终消失,同时喷雾贯穿度与面积均大幅减小,但喷雾锥角基本不随背压、燃料种类和时间的变化而变化。此外,随着背压的升高,喷雾横向贯穿度的减小程度大于轴向贯穿度,但是横向贯穿度始终大于轴向贯穿度。粘度较大的乙醇和正丁醇的轴向贯穿度大于汽油。横向贯穿度与喷油产生的涡流有关。涡流尺度越大,则横向贯穿度也越大。     

不同目数的防虫网对柑橘木虱的阻隔作用

本文研究了不同目数的防虫网对柑橘木虱的阻隔作用。结果表明：1.0*0.8mm（约45目）以下的网柑橘木虱成虫可以穿透,1.0*0.6mm（约50目）以上的网能有效的阻止柑橘木虱成虫穿透。     

Embryo-mediated genome editing for accelerated genetic improvement of livestock

Selecting beneficial DNA variants is the main goal of animal breeding. However, this process is inherently inefficient because each animal only carries a fraction of all desirable variants. Genome editing technology with its ability to directly introduce beneficial sequence variants offers new opportunities to modernize animal breeding by overcoming this biological limitation and accelerating genetic gains. To realize rapid genetic gain, precise edits need to be introduced into genomically-selected embryos, which minimizes the genetic lag. However, embryo-mediated precision editing by homology-directed repair (HDR) mechanisms is currently an inefficient process that often produces mosaic embryos and greatly limits the numbers of available edited embryos. This review provides a summary of genome editing in bovine embryos and proposes an embryo-mediated accelerated breeding scheme that overcomes the present efficiency limitations of HDR editing in bovine embryos. It integrates embryo-based genomic selection with precise multi-editing and uses embryonic cloning with elite edited blastomeres or embryonic pluripotent stem cells to resolve mosaicism, enable multiplex editing and multiply rare elite genotypes. Such a breeding strategy would enable a more targeted, accelerated approach for livestock improvement that allows stacking of beneficial variants, even including novel traits from outside the breeding population, in the most recent elite genetic background, essentially within a single generation.     

土霉素对柑橘黄龙病的防治效果及对柑橘产量和品质的影响

为有效防控柑橘黄龙病,于2017年在佛罗里达大学柑橘研究与教育中心的奥本代尔市柑橘试验场进行田间试验筛选黄龙病的防治药剂及其浓度,测定注射土霉素后叶片中柑橘黄龙病菌亚洲种Cadidatus Liberibacter asiaticus、土霉素、淀粉含量、柑橘产量、出汁率、可溶性固形物含量和酸度,显微镜下观察注射土霉素后淀粉粒的分布。结果表明,浓度为1.6g/株土霉素处理180 d后柑橘叶片中黄龙病菌亚洲种含量减少幅度最大,为91.78%;注射浓度为1.6g/株土霉素后7d,叶片中土霉素含量达142.2 μg/kg,注射后11 d叶片中土霉素含量达到最大,为239.8 μg/kg,注射后45 d叶片中土霉素含量低至99.6 μg/kg以下;注射后7~90d,叶片中黄龙病菌亚洲种含量呈波浪形变化,注射90 d后叶片中黄龙病菌亚洲种含量一直处于增长趋势,叶片中黄龙病菌亚洲种含量总体随着土霉素含量的升高而降低;注射浓度为1.6g/株土霉素后,叶片中淀粉含量大幅度下降,60d时达到最低值,为3.3 μg/mm²,90d时达到峰值,为14.5 μg/mm²;单株产量为16.7 kg,与注射浓度为0.8 g/株土霉素处理差异不显著,但均显著高于其它2个处理;柑橘出汁率、可溶性固形物和酸度均与清水对照差异不显著。表明土霉素可有效抑制黄龙病菌亚洲种,减少柑橘叶片内淀粉含量,增加柑橘产量,但对果实品质未产生显著影响。     

旅游廊道扶贫：大别山旅游扶贫快速通道的实践——基于大别山旅游扶贫快速通道沿线12个村的调查

自大别山旅游扶贫通道运行以来,沿线生产、生活条件以及环境设施明显改善：改变了六安市旅游景区空间格局,提高了旅行的快捷性和舒适度,方便了村民出行;旅游线路质量提升,带动乡村旅游发展进入快车道;增加了村民的收入,人居环境得以改善。但是,旅游扶贫开发过程中也存在忽略贫困家庭异质性、贫困农户旅游参与意识弱、旅游扶贫政策信息传播不顺畅、旅游开发的负面效应初显等问题。建议通过整合资源、塑造品牌、提升旅游扶贫的社区参与意识、完善旅游扶贫的监督机制和评价机制等手段加以解决。     

苹果银叶病的发生与防治研究

苹果银叶病的传播途径包括孢子侵染伤口传播、菌丝传播和根系传播.采用发明专利系列治疗药物注孔和灌根并用,按指示剂、治疗剂、排毒剂的顺序用药可以根治苹果银叶病.碱性药物波尔多液和石硫合剂有抵消药效的作用,不能用作保护剂.     

不同剂量伊曲康唑制剂对犬血常规及肝肾功能的影响

旨在评价不同剂量伊曲康唑-环糊精制剂通过皮下注射途径对健康比格犬肝肾功能及血常规的影响.选用体重±10 kg的健康纯种比格犬32只,按试验要求随机分为4组,每组8只,建立稳定的生活制度.分别按照0.25 mg/kg、0.75 mg/kg和1.25 mg/kg剂量,皮下注射伊曲康唑制剂,3日1次,连续7次,对照组注射生理...     

Gene Expression in Black Tiger Prawns Following Intramuscular Injection of β-gal Plasmid

Gene expression in black tiger prawns (Penaeus monodon) was studied following intra-muscular injection of CMVGal plasmid into the second abdominal segment. We used an in situ staining technique to detect -gal expression in one- and three-month-old injected prawns. We found that only one of the three-month-old prawns expressed the marker gene (2 days after injection), and the site of expression was confined to the sixth abdominal segment away from the injection site. We repeated the experiment on a new batch of three-month-old prawns, but using fluorometric determination technique. This time we found that -gal expression was detected (6/42) at the site of injection after 2, 7, and 14 days. In two other test samples, transgene expression was detected in the sixth abdominal segment only, further confirming the possibility of injected DNA dispersal. The results of the study also suggest that direct gene transfer is a feasible technique in black tiger prawns.